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Topic: Malpighiales

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	coca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Since the 1980s, the cultivation of coca has become controversial because it is used for the manufacture of the illegal drug cocaine.
		Under the older Cronquist system of classifying flowering plants, this was placed in an order Linales; more modern systems place it in the order Malpighiales.
		The plant resembles a flthorn bush, and grows to a height of 6 or 8 ft. The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a lively green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, more or less tapering at the extremities.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Coca.html (709 words)

	Malpighiales
		(2005a) have recently clarified some relationships in Malpighiales in a four-gene (all three compartments) analysis, in particular suggesting an association between the families with parietal placentation (and also Goupiaceae) and that Centroplacus should be recognised as a separate family.
		Although sampling within Malpighiales (only three taxa with parietal placentation were studied) and other rosids was poor, Barkman et al.
		The fruits are dispersed by bats or by water, the empty cavities affording bouyancy.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/malpighialesweb.htm (10286 words)

	Smithsonian: Spotlight on Science
		These flowers can be spectacular, including the largest flower in the world, that can be three feet in diameter.
		Earlier this year other researchers found a single mitochondrial gene that gave an entirely unexpected placement of Rafflesiaceae with Malpighiales, the order of plants including violets, poinsettias, and willows on which Wurdack conducts his research.
		Wurdack and his colleague followed up by comparing larger gene phylogenies and found 3 genes in Rafflesiasceae from both the nucleus and mitochondria that yielded similar results and reflected Malpighiales affinities, but a fourth gene, mitochondrial nad1B-C, grouped Rafflesiaceae with their hosts.
	www.si.edu /research/spotlight/printable/2_18.htm (1650 words)

	Giant Stinking Flower Is, Alas, From a Proper Family
		In their study of more than 90 species of plants, the scientists also found no close relationship between rafflesia and one of its proposed relatives, another curious parasitic (but tiny and not bad smelling) species from the forests of Southeast Asia.
		Barkman said the evolution of rafflesia's large flowers was particularly interesting, given that the next largest flower in the Malpighiales is some four inches across, a far cry from rafflesia's astounding gape.
		While rafflesia flowers are highly conspicuous and much has been learned about them, the body of the plant, twining like a fungus through the tissues of its host, is highly cryptic, and so much about these famed plants remains unknown.
	www.nytimes.com /2004/01/27/science/27FLOW.html?ex=1390539600&en=92cbab819af0aee8&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND (925 words)

	Deep Time Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The jackknife consensus tree focusing on a portion of the eurosid I clade.
		Malpighiales and Oxalidales are each indicated as single terminals.
		The jackknife consensus tree focusing on a portion of the eurosid I clade plus the unplaced eurosid orders and families.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /deeptime/Angiosperm.treesoltis.html (469 words)

	Elatinaceae are sister to Malpighiaceae; Peridiscaceae belong to Saxifragales -- Davis and Chase 91 (2): 262 -- ...
		Malpighiales tree was poor in these analyses (Figs.
		Strict consensus tree of the 65 most parsimonious trees resulting from the analysis of the combined "expanded" data set.
		All of the families of Malpighiales are represented in this tree.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/91/2/262 (4933 words)

	From the Cover: Mitochondrial DNA sequences reveal the photosynthetic relatives of Rafflesia, the world's largest ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Rafflesia was constrained as sister to Malpighiales based on the matR results shown in Fig.
		The Rafflesia branch is 4 times longer than the next longest lineage in the tree (the branch separating the angiosperms from gymnosperms).
		of Rafflesia as sister to the Malpighiales, it is clear that
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/3/787 (3663 words)

	PBIO 450 Lecture Notes - Rosidae -- Spring 1998
		This aspect of the problem will be discussed in more detail under the family heading.
		(1998, 1999) assign both the Euphorbiaceae and the Pandaceae to their broadly defined Malpighiales.
		Nonetheless, the Malpighiales are placed in their "eurosids I" whereas the Malvales (including Tilales) are assigned to their "eurosids II." Until the true nature of the Malpighiales, as defined by Bremer and his colleagues is resolved, the placement of Euphorbiaceae will remain in doubt.
	www.life.umd.edu /emeritus/reveal/pbio/pb450/rosi17.html (1724 words)

	Borneo Chela
		Additionally, many segments of the Rafflesia genome have devolved to nonsensical code because the plant has lost a signifcant number of physiological functions as it evolved into an obligate parasite on the tissues of a vine.
		The study places Rafflesia species as close relatives of members of the Order Malpighiales.
		New segments of the Rafflesia genome will need to be compared to members of the Malpighiales to discover the true evolutionary "roots" of this odd plant, but common groups of Bornean flora are likely suspects.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~south/2004_01_04_archives.html (3483 words)

	Female Flower and Cupule Structure in Balanopaceae, an Enigmatic Rosid Family -- SUTTER and ENDRESS 92 (3): 459 -- ...
		in Fagales, Malpighiales and Saxifragales, according to the
		However, within Malpighiales, as opposed to molecular results,
		Malpighiales is not directly comparable with that in Balanopaceae,
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/92/3/459 (4540 words)

	JOLLY DAYS: A Daisy For Buffy
		Barkman and colleagues persisted, however, and found a gene in the mitochondrial DNA of rafflesia that was still intact and in a state suitable for comparison with other species.
		So rafflesia was placed, along with violets, poinsettias, passionflowers and willows, in the group known as the Malpighiales.
		Who would think — a plant that makes you laugh.
	www.paintedmatter.com /blog/archives/000198.html (133 words)

	Project Details - Croton Research Network
		With the advent of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification (APG 1998) and subsequent molecular studies that have used 18S rDNA, rbcL, and atpB sequences (Savolainen et al.
		2000, Wurdack and Chase 1999 and in prep.), it has been clearly demonstrated that the euphorbs belong to the eurosid I clade, in a broadly circumscribed Malpighiales.
		These same studies, however, indicate that Euphorbiaceae sensu lato is not monophyletic, and should be separated into at least five lineages within the order.
	www.botany.wisc.edu /croton/pages/Projectdetailplan.html (1167 words)

	World's Largest Flower Mystery Solved - Unexplained Mysteries Discussion Forums
		The world's largest flower, a three foot-wide bloom that smells like rotting flesh, is related to sweet-smelling posies, researchers say.
		The flower, which is one of 20 species collectively called Rafflesia, is related to poinsettias, violets, passionflowers, and other members of the order Malpighiales, according to a paper published in the current Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
		Researchers also have some intriguing theories as to why Rafflesia smells so awful, why its flowers bloom only once a year and live for five to seven days, why the plant is a parasite, and why it likes to attract flies that normally go for mounds of dead flesh.
	www.unexplained-mysteries.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=10929 (353 words)

	Give and Take: Plant parasites dole out genes while stealing nutrients: Science News Online, Nov. 13, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		New evidence suggests that parasitic plants can transfer their own genes into host plants.
		Host-to-parasite gene transfer in flowering plants: Phylogenetic evidence from Malpighiales.
		Horizontal gene transfer from flowering plants to Gnetum.
	www.sciencenews.org /articles/20041113/fob2ref.asp (102 words)

	Vascular Plant Family Names - 'M' group
		--Cr: Dilleniidae, Violales; Th: Violanae, Violales Ta: Dilleniidae, Passiflorales; Ap: eurosids I, Malpighiales
		--Cr: Rosidae, Polygalales; Th: Geranianae, Polygalales Ta: Rosidae, Vochysiales; Ap: eurosids I, Malpighiales
		--Cr: Dilleniidae, Theales; Th: Dillenianae, Dilleniales Ta: Dilleniidae, Medusagynales; Ap: eurosids I, Malpighiales
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/newgate/fpgmfam.htm (529 words)

	Annotating P450s in Cottonwood
		For a distribution of P450 families in plants see
		Populus P450 families compared to other plant P450s (see Malpighiales)
		Another very useful web based tool for annotation is a general purpose DNA translator.
	drnelson.utmem.edu /populus.anno.html (1438 words)

	ATBC 2004 Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Many novel and highly significant trends were found in deep clades.
		For example, eurosid 1 (malpighiales, fabales, rosales, etc.) has high wood density and small leaves, while eurosid 2 (malvales, sapindales, etc.) has low wood density.
		Overall the two eurosid groups include taller species, while the euasterids (Gentianales, Solanales, Asterales, etc.) tend to be shorter.
	darwin.fiu.edu /CETroB/ATBC2004/Abstracts.html (19699 words)

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