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Topic: Maluku Sovereignty Front

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	Indonesia - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It was, indeed, the riches of the ‘Spice Islands’ (Maluku, or the Moluccas) that drew the Portuguese and Spanish, sailing in different directions around the world, to the archipelago in the first place.
		Sovereignty was transferred to the new state of Indonesia in 1949, and in December 1949 Sukarno was elected president.
		Continued religious fighting in the Maluku islands in July 2000 led to the declaration of a state of emergency and the admission from the Indonesian military that some of its soldiers had taken part in the violence.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Indonesia (6323 words)

	Maluku (Indonesian province) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maluku is a province of Indonesia, comprising, broadly, the southern part of the Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Molucca Islands or Moluccan Islands).
		The main city and capital of Maluku province is Ambon City on the small Ambon Island.
		In 1999 the Maluku Utara Regency and Halmahera Tengah Regency were split off as a separate province of North Maluku.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maluku_(Indonesian_province) (886 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		TEXT: The district court in the Maluku capital of Ambon convicted the nine of treason.
		The Maluku Sovereignty Front is a tiny, mostly non-violent group that advocates self-determination for the Malukus, a group of small islands in eastern Indonesia.
		Maluku sociologist at Jakarta's University of Indonesia, Thamrin Tomagola, says the government moved to jail the nine men because it wants to show that it is sticking to a Maluku peace pact reached in the town of Malinao in 2002.
	www.help-for-you.com /news/Jan2004/scripts/3ce76ee8.html (352 words)

	Maluku
		The Moluccas or Moluccan Islands are located in the northeast region of the Indonesian archipelago, bordered by the Philippines to the north, Irian Jaya or West Papua to the east, and the Indonesian island of Sulawesi to the west.
		Tensions in Maluku continued during the month of May 2001, with a new outbreak of violence and a change in the way violent acts were perpetrated.
		Manuputty, head of the separatist Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), fled to the United States last year after being released from prison, pending an appeal to a four-year jail term that was linked to his campaign for independence.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/maluku.htm (3825 words)

	Map of Maluku province in Indonesia Maluku is a province...
		Map of Maluku province in Indonesia Maluku is a province...
		Map of Maluku province in Indonesia "Maluku" is a province of Indonesia Indonesia, comprising, broadly, the southern part of the "Maluku Islands" (also known as the "Moluccas", "Molucca Islands" or "Moluccan Islands"), lying east of Sulawesi Sulawesi (Celebes), west of New Guinea New Guinea, and north of Timor Timor.
		Maluku formed a single province of Indonesia province of Indonesia from 1950 until 1999.
	www.biodatabase.de /Maluku (1681 words)

	[Kabar-indonesia] Indo News - 5/3/04 (Part 2 of 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Trivial beginning When communal conflict first occurred in Maluku in 1999, it was triggered by an apparently trivial incident, an altercation between a Christian bus driver and two Muslim passengers at the Ambon bus terminal in January of that year.
		In the newly-established province of North Maluku, the violence was connected to intricate local rivalries and reflected a struggle by local elites over control of the area.
		Oly Manuputty and her daughter, Christina, didn't resist when officers came on Saturday to their home in a neighborhood of Ambon, the capital of Maluku province, which is a stronghold of the Maluku Sovereignty Front that Alex Manuputty heads, witnesses said.
	www.kabar-irian.com /pipermail/kabar-indonesia/2004-May/000748.html (5793 words)

	ReliefWeb » Document Preview » Indonesia: 5 police killed in Maluku ambush
		Maluku Police spokesman Commissioner Endro Prasetyo confirmed the ambush, saying the attackers had landed in a speedboat about 2 kilometers from the Brimob post.
		Maluku Police criminal investigation chief Bambang Hermanu told detikcom online news portal that all five of the Brimob officers had been shot in the head and died instantly.
		The Maluku islands were the scene of fierce Muslim-Christian clashes that erupted in January 1999 and left about 7,000 people dead until a peace agreement was reached in February 2000.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/RMOI-6CG3BS?OpenDocument (725 words)

	Maluku
		Maluku is a province of Indonesia, comprising, broadly, the southern part of the Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Molucca Islands or Moluccan Islands), lying east of Sulawesi (Celebes), west of New Guinea, and north of Timor.
		The commencement of Indonesian transmigration of (mainly) Javanese populations to the outer islands (including the Moluccus) during the 1960's is thought to have aggravated independence and issues of religious / ethnic politics.
		In spite of numerous negotiations and the signing of a peace agreement in February 2002, tensions on Ambon remained high until late 2002, when a series of spontaneous 'mixings' between previously hostile groups led to a sporadic, but generally increasingly stable peace.
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/m/ma/maluku.html (1680 words)

	Maluku - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Maluku Islands of Indonesia are also known as the Moluccas, Molucca Islands or Moluccan islands.
		The South Moluccas (Maluku Selatan) existed as a separate colony of the Netherlands until 1949, when they were ceded to the newly independent Republic of Indonesia.
		In spite of numerous negotiations and the signing of a peace agreement in February 2002, tensions on Ambon Island remained high until late 2002, when a series of spontaneous 'mixings' between previously hostile groups lead to a sporadic, but generally increasingly stable peace.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Maluku_Islands (1112 words)

	Voice of quiet rebellion
		Quietly formed a few months ago, the front is demanding "restoration" of the sovereignty of the southern half of the island group (roughly those lying south of the Seram Sea and north of the Arafura Sea).
		The front's case is shaky, but members are doing their best to pursue it, appointing representatives in Jakarta, Europe and New York.
		The front is careful to avoid demanding "independence" or calling itself "separatist", both of which would be deemed subversive under Indonesian law.
	www.angelfire.com /rock/hotburrito/rms/mccall270101.html (1708 words)

	BBC News \| ASIA-PACIFIC \| Moluccan separatist charged with treason
		Police in Maluku province said Alex Manuputty, leader of the Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), was charged over the weekend.
		Maluku Vice Governor Paula Renyaan has ordered a 2200-0600 curfew from Tuesday to Saturday this week in anticipation of the planned flag-raising ceremony.
		The Maluku Sovereignty Front is a small group banned for its aggressive campaign to achieve independence for the southern part of the Moluccan islands.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/asia-pacific/1943504.stm (380 words)

	Tapol, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign Bulletin Online 169-170 - Jan/Feb 2003
		When Indonesian cities were deluged by demonstrations protesting against price hikes by the government, a new front, the unified student front, emerged in Ambon, consisting of Christian and Muslim students to demonstrate against hikes in the price of fuel and phones.
		Maluku increasingly descended into a war zone while measures taken by the government in Jakarta only strengthened the power base of the military.
		Maluku was given a second military command, with the province being split in two, Maluku and North Maluku and the whole area was placed under a civilian emergency.
	www.infid.be /kopassus_maluku.html (2272 words)

	Front Kedaulatan Maluku (Maluku Sovereignty Front)
		The Front for the Sovereignty of the Moluccas (FKM), established on June 15, 2000 at Ambon, is an association of political and human rights organisations, that want the restoration of Maluku's robbed sovereignty
		The Maluku Sovereignty Front, sometime known as the RMS (Republic of the South Moluccas), is a tiny, mostly non-violent group that advocates self-determination for the Malukus, a group of small islands in eastern Indonesia.
		The district court in the Maluku capital of Ambon convicted the nine of treason.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/fkm.htm (253 words)

	:: indonesia house ::
		Speaking before the Ambon District Court, the prosecutors demanded that the nine defendants from the secessionist South Maluku Republic (RMS) movement be sentenced to between 13 and 15 years in prison.
		Maluku and North Maluku provinces were hit by sectarian conflict for about three years from 1999.
		The group, nevertheless, earlier denied being connected with another secessionist group, the Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM) led by Alex Manuputty, who was sentenced by the North Jakarta Court to three years in prison on Jan. 28, 2003, for plotting rebellion.
	www.indonesia-house.org /focus/Maluku/122003Separatists_face_up_to_15_years_in_jail.htm (523 words)

	[Kabar-indonesia] Indo News - 5/4/04 (Part 2 of 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Yet, as founder of the Maluku Sovereignty Front on June 15, 2001 Alex had institutionalized the flag-raising practice which he began in the garden of his Kudamati, Ambon home.
		After all, it was not the first time the anniversary of the Republic of South Maluku (RMS) was being commemorated by the Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), a small faction that wants Maluku to separate from Indonesia.
		Maluku: Efforts to bring stability in Maluku have been shaken by the recent violent activities in Ambon.
	www.kabar-irian.com /pipermail/kabar-indonesia/2004-May/000750.html (5299 words)

	Indonesia
		Regardless of its intent, the economic and political consequences of the transmigration policy contributed to religious conflicts in the Malukus and Sulawesi, and to a lesser extent, in Papua.
		In the Malukus, Central Sulawesi, Papua, and Kalimantan, economic tensions between local or native persons (predominantly non-Muslim) and more recently arrived migrants (predominantly Muslim), who were seen by indigenous communities as economically advantaged, were a significant factor in incidents of interreligious and interethnic violence.
		In the Malukus, home to large numbers of Muslims and Christians, at least 30 persons were killed and approximately 282,000 persons remained displaced due to violence during this reporting period.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/irf/2003/23829.htm (10710 words)

	Asia Times
		In a different Jakarta court this week Alexander Hermanus Manuputty, 54, head of the Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), and Samuel Waeleruni went on trial accused of plotting a rebellion and of subversion linked to the raising of an outlawed Republik of South Maluku flag in Ambon on April 25.
		An Independent Republik of South Maluku (RMS) was declared in 1950 by a breakaway movement, supported by Ambonese Christian soldiers from the Dutch colonial army, but the military soon crushed this brazen attempt to change their status quo and the movement lay dormant for more than 50 years.
		Lasting peace in the Malukus, where some 9,000 people have perished and three years of bloody combat has spawned more than half a million refugees, is crucial to rebuilding the shattered islands and to strengthening religious tolerance in the rest of the country.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/DH24Ae02.html (1869 words)

	West Papua News Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), affiliated with the South Maluku Republic (RMS) separatist movement, said 2,500 supporters would raise the RMS flag in observance of the group's 54th anniversary on April 25, in defiance of the Maluku authorities.
		Moses said the Indonesian government did not have the authority to bar the FKM and its supporters from celebrating the anniversary because the South Maluku Republic was registered with the United Nations.
		The leaflet also said Maluku was not part of the Indonesian unitary state.
	www.westpapua.net /news/03/04/120403-fkm_defies_maluku_authorities-2396.html (477 words)

	Maluku pro-independence leaders freed on expiry of detention warrants
		Alexander Hermanus Manuputty, head of the Maluku Sovereignty Front, and another leader Samuel Waeleruny left Tanggerang jail near Jakarta early Saturday, the Kompas newspaper said.
		Following the end of Dutch colonial rule, separatists proclaimed a Republic of South Maluku in the eastern island chain in 1950 and staged a revolt against newly independent Indonesia.
		Supporters of the Maluku Sovereignty Front are mainly Christians.
	quickstart.clari.net /qs_se/webnews/wed/ar/Qindonesia-ambon.R_uD_DNA.html (289 words)

	The Jakarta Post * Maluku separatists get 3 years
		The verdict was passed down on Alex, chairman of the separatist Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM), and co-defendant Semmy despite a protest from their lawyers who demanded the trial be postponed because their clients did not show up.
		The two returned home to the Maluku provincial capital of Ambon on Jan. 7, several days after their detention period expired on Dec. 27 and before the court could issue a verdict.
		Alex and Semmy were arrested in Ambon on April 17 after encouraging their followers of the small and poorly supported FKM to hoist banned separatist flags.
	www.geocities.com /kesui2001/jp290103.htm (412 words)

	Crosswalk.com
		Sectarian suspicions remain strong, and the violence erupted after members of the outlawed Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM) held a parade and displayed the banned flag of the South Maluku Republic (RMS).
		The FKM pressed for sovereignty, but also said it sought to protect Christians from violence which erupted in Maluku in 1999 and became significantly worse after the arrival of fighters from a radical Java-based militia, Laskar Jihad.
		The carnage that wracked Maluku and another province with a sizeable Christian population, Sulawesi, largely ended when peace accords were negotiated in the two areas in 2002 and 2001 respectively, although violence has erupted sporadically since then.
	www.crosswalk.com /news/1259218.html?view=print (611 words)

	Armed Conflicts Report - Indonesia-Molucca Islands
		While fighting occurs between ordinary citizens from the Christian and Muslim communities, the Maluku Sovereignty Front and the Laskar Jihad are organized perpetrators of violence.
		The Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM) and the Republic of South Maluku (RMS) group are the two main Christian groups.
		Christians and Muslims have coexisted peacefully in the islands for decades, and religion is unlikely to be the underlying cause of the conflict.
	www.ploughshares.ca /libraries/ACRText/ACR-IndonesiaMolucca.html (4514 words)

	Read Article
		KUALA LUMPUR, April 27 (IslamOnline.net) — The rebel Maluku Sovereignty Front (FKM) has urged the Netherlands, the former colonizer of the Indonesian Malukus islands, to send its troops and encourage international intervention in the spice Islands to allegedly restore law and order and end what it called “genocide”.
		The call for the Dutch regime to assist the Christians in the Malukus has forced the dormant Lashkar Jihad (LJ) group to reconstitute an army of Muslim volunteers to re-enter the spice islands and attempt to put an end to the conflict.
		The LJ was instrumental to the protection of the Malukus from the separatists when the war on the relatively peaceful historical Islands flared up in Ambon in 1999 by a group of Christian youths in a market in the capital city.
	www.unobserver.com /layout5.php?id=1631&blz=2 (701 words)

	PreventConflict.org - Maps - Maluku (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		However, from April -June 2000 well-organized Muslims militias began to gain an upper hand, accompanied by the arrival in Maluku of the Java-based Laskar Jihad (the “army of holy war”), a radical and military-trained Muslim organization allegedly with sympathizers and arms suppliers in the army.
		The FKM’s stated aim is to foster unity among Maluku residents based on their common ancestry and assert Maluku’s independence from the national government.
		The government also admitted publicly that many of the soldiers in Maluku were “emotionally involved” in the conflict, and replaced 1400 soldiers there.
	www.preventconflict.org /portal/main/maps_maluku_actors.php (826 words)

	Maluku - Gurupedia
		Maluku is a province of Indonesia, comprising, broadly, the southern part of the Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Molucca Islands or Moluccan Islands), lying east of Sulawesi (Celebes), west of New Guinea, and north of
		Moluccan islanders seem to have been farming and trading spices since at least the early centuries B.C. Onyx beads and segments of silver plate used as currency on the Indian subcontinent around 200BC have been unearthed on some of the islands.
		Indonesian transmigration of (mainly) Javanese populations to the outer islands (including the Moluccus) during the 1960's is thought to have aggravated independence and issues of religious / ethnic politics.
	www.gurupedia.com /m/mo/moluccas.htm (1751 words)

	History of Malaysia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The result of this was that the PAS won a number of Malay seats from UMNO, but many Chinese voters disapproved of this unnatural alliance with the Islamist PAS, causing the DAP to lose many of its seats to the MCA, including that if its veteran leader, Lim Kit Siang.
		At the 2004 election, the National Front led by Abdullah has a massive victory, virtually wiping out the PAS and Keadilan, although the DAP recovered the seats it had lost in 1999.
		This victory was seen as the result mainly of Abdullah’s personal popularity and the strong recovery of Malaysia’s economy, which has lifted the living standards of most Malaysians to almost “first world” standards.
	history-of-malaysia.iqnaut.net (7713 words)

	AsiaMedia :: INDONESIA: Maluku govt website condemned for alleged defamation
		An estimated 2,000 protesters from several Islamic organizations held a protest at the Maluku Governor's office on Thursday over a local government website, which they said was defamatory toward Islam's Prophet Muhammad and included insinuations that Muslims in the province were terrorists.
		The protest nearly degenerated into violence as some of the protesters lost control of their emotions when the speaker mentioned that the Prophet was being insulted and Muslims were terrorists.
		Maluku Deputy Governor MA Latuconsina promised the protesters to immediately take necessary measures to correct the situation, since the governor, who is in Europe, had already assigned him to prepare a letter to the police to investigate the website's operators.
	www.asiamedia.ucla.edu /article.asp?parentid=25197 (382 words)

	Security Watchtower: War on Terrorism: Indonesia Archives
		Anti-terrorism police in Indonesia have discovered a recently abandoned terror training camp in the jungles on Ceram island, where authorities believe bomb-making skills were taught to countless numbers of extremists.
		According to Indonesian authorities the instructors at the Ceram training camp, located in Maluku province, were graduates of terror training camps in Afghanistan and the Philippines.
		Three weeks ago we highlighted a report from the International Crisis Group titled "Weakening Indonesia's Mujahidin Networks: Lessons from Maluku and Poso," that discussed the terror threat in the region where this latest terrorist camp was found.
	www.securitywatchtower.com /archives/war_on_terrorism_indonesia/index.html (1304 words)

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