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Topic: Mammal classification

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	Mammal - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of mammary glands, which in females produce milk for the nourishment of young; the presence of hair or fur; and which have endothermic or "warm-blooded" bodies.
		Mammals have three bones in each ear and one (the dentary) on each side of the lower jaw; all other vertebrates with ears have one bone (the stapes) in the ear and at least three on each side of the jaw.
		Mammals belong among the amniotes, and in particular to a group called the synapsids, distinguished by the shape of their skulls, in particular the presence of a single hole where jaw muscles attach, called temporal fenestra.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/a/m/Mammal.html (1874 words)

	Mammal - MSN Encarta
		Most mammals are covered with hair or fur, and most have specialized teeth that help them to cut or chew their food.
		Mammals include some of the most familiar members of the animal kingdom, such as cats, dogs, elephants, and whales, and also human beings—a species that now dominates life on earth.
		Some mammals, such as otters and river dolphins, have adapted to life in freshwater habitats, but the great majority of the world's aquatic mammals live in the ocean.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761561349/Mammal.html (2535 words)

	ooBdoo
		Mammals encompass some 5,500 species (including Humans), distributed in about 1,200 genera, 152 families and up to 46 orders, though this varies with the classification scheme.
		Mammals belong among the amniotes, and in particular to a group called the synapsids, which are distinguished by the shape of their skulls, having a single hole on each side where jaw muscles attach, called a temporal fenestra.
		Since Simpson's classification, the paleontological record has been recalibrated, and the intervening years have seen much debate and progress concerning the theoretical underpinnings of systematization itself, partly through the new concept of cladistics.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=Mammal (2298 words)

	What is a Mammal
		No other animal has hair in the same form as mammals, and all mammals have some hair at least at the beginning of their lives - baby whales and dolphins are born with a moustache.
		Mammals, or Mammalia are a class in the Phylum Chordata and the Subphylum Vertebrata.
		Mammals are heterodontic, meaning that their teeth are different shapes, except those with no teeth at all.
	www.earthlife.net /mammals/mammal.html (1055 words)

	ADW: Mammalia: Information
		Mammals have evolved to exploit a large variety of ecological niches and life history strategies and, in concert, have evolved numerous adaptations to take advantage of different lifestyles.
		Once mammals are born they must maintain their own body temperatures, no longer being able to depend on their mother for thermoregulation, as was the case during pregnancy.
		Mammals that are common in urban or suburban areas can become a problem if they cause damage to automobiles when they are struck on the road, or can become household pests.
	animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu /site/accounts/information/Mammalia.html (4679 words)

	MAMMAL FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Phylogenetically, Mammalia is defined as all of the descendants of the last common ancestor of monotremes (e.g., echidnas and platypuses) and therian mammals (marsupials and placentals), including humans.
		From synapsids came the first mammal precursors, therapsids, and more specifically the eucynodonts, 220 Ma (mega annum, ''million years ago'') during the Triassic period.
		During the Mesozoic Period mammals diversified into four main groups: multituberculates (Allotherium), monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.
	www.splammer.com /?req=mammal (1832 words)

	Zoo -- Mammals Classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Tertiary is divided into seven epochs, corresponding to phases in the evolution of the mammal fauna and marked by different climatic and geologic events.
		They are the most primitive of living mammals, retaining certain characteristics of their reptilian ancestors and displaying some features of birds as well.
		Embryonic marsupials have a yolk sac for nourishment, rather than the placenta of more advanced mammals, and are therefore born in an extremely immature state.
	members.aol.com /plcooney/zmammals.html (2394 words)

	The Marine Mammal Center
		Marine mammals are mammals that have adapted or adjusted to life in the ocean.
		Marine mammals have all the characteristics of mammals, yet they are distinctive in their appearance and survival strategies.
		Family Ursidae: Polar bears are designated as marine mammals because they depend on the ocean for a majority of their food.
	www.tmmc.org /learning/education/mammalinfo/classification.asp (691 words)

	Mammal classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The most recent classification systems based on molecular studies reveal four groups or lineages of placental mammals which diverged from early common ancestors in the Cretaceous.
		McKenna and Bell, Classification of Mammals: Above the species level, (McKenna and Bell, 1997) is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal taxa, living and extinct, down through the rank of genus.
		They argued that the term mammal should be defined based on characters (especially the dentary-squamosal jaw articulation) instead of a crown-based definition (the group that contains most recent common ancestor of monotremes and therians and all of its descendants).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mammal_classification (1748 words)

	Classification of Living Things: Principles of Classification
		The assumption is that the greater the degree of physical similarity, the closer the biological relationship.
		On discovering an unknown organism, researchers begin their classification by looking for anatomical features that appear to have the same function as those found on other species.
		The former is a placental mammal and the latter is an Australian marsupial.
	anthro.palomar.edu /animal/animal_2.htm (1329 words)

	Reptile-Mammal
		The morphological differences which are the basis for modern classification have been brought about as much by the evolutionary distance as by anything else.
		It is at this point that the modern classification scheme becomes a stumbling block (both physically and mentally) since the definative characteristics of a phyla are smeared over several individuals and groups.
		The differences between reptile and mammal, at this stage is miniscule compared with the modern day differences between the two groups because in the intervening time the two groups have evolved along separate line, becoming morphologically different (evolutionary distance).
	members.tripod.com /~Cambrian/Reptile-Mammal (1265 words)

	Classification of Living Things: Glossary of Terms
		The Linnaean classification system of living things is hierarchical--it is a system of classification with the highest category consisting of all living things.
		the infraclass of therian mammal species in which females bear their young in an immature condition (while still in the early fetal stage) and then permit their further infant development in an abdominal pouch covering their mammary glands.
		Compared to the delayed births of placental mammals, this is inefficient in keeping young infants alive.
	anthro.palomar.edu /animal/glossary.htm (2225 words)

	Mammal Study Merit Badge
		Tell how this mammal lived before its habitat was affected in any way by man. Tell how it reproduces, what it eats, what eats it, and its natural habitat.
		Write a life history of a native game mammal that lives in your area, covering the points outlined in requirement 3c.
		Trace two possible food chains of carnivorous mammals from soil through four stages to the mammal.
	www.meritbadge.com /mb/071.htm (333 words)

	The Ultimate Mammal Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary glands, which in females produce milk for the nourishment of young; the presence of hair or fur; and which have endothermic or "warm-blooded" bodies.
		Most mammals are terrestrial, but a number are aquatic, including dolphins and whales, which are the largest of all animals.
		Evolution of Mammals, a brief intro to early mammals
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Mammal (1740 words)

	Museum Victoria [ed-online] Bioinformatics - A Report on the Mammals of Your District (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		However, in the case of native mammals, almost all are now much more restricted in their range than was the case prior to European settlement, and many are classified as endangered.
		Enter the Family name of your mammal to obtain a list of Victorian mammals that are closely related to the one you are researching.
		For many mammals, there will be several images of live animals, images of the skull and jaws, images of feet, and perhaps an image of a John Gould print (published in 1863).
	www.museum.vic.gov.au /bioinformatics/rmvic.htm (1295 words)

	biosurf unit 7 vertebrates
		Convergent evolution has produced mammals on different continents that look similar and occupy similar niches, but are not closely related.
		Suggested categories of mammals: smallest mammal, poisonous mammals, mammals with unusual forms of hair.
		Mammal Species of the World (MSW): Search this database using common or scientific names to identify the classification of mammal species.
	www.phschool.com /science/biosurf/vertebrates/7link.html (592 words)

	Marine Mammal Commission: Species List
		Section 202 of the Marine Mammal Protection Act directs the Marine Mammal Commission, in consultation with its Committee of Scientific Advisors, to make recommendations to the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, and other federal agencies on research and management actions needed to conserve species of marine mammals.
		Modern marine mammals include the order Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), the order Sirenia (dugongs and manatees), and members of the order Carnivora (the polar bear and otters), and the pinnipeds (seals and sea lions).
		Due to the diverse nature of marine mammal classification, we have organized lists of marine mammal species to serve as a quick and simple reference.
	www.mmc.gov /species (205 words)

	Impossible Creatures from Relic and Microsoft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Horse, large land mammal notable for its speed, strength, and endurance.
		Kangaroos are marsupials, a type of mammal that gives birth to undeveloped young.
		It nests on high trees or cliffs; the female lays four to eight spotted, light-blue eggs in a clutch, and both parents feed the young.
	www.microsoft.com /games/impossiblecreatures/bonusanimals.asp (1959 words)

	Mammals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Mammals encompass more than 5,000 genera, distributed in 425 families and up to 46 orders, though this varies depending on the classification scheme adopted.
		It should be noted that the current trend in taxonomy is to emphasize common ancestry; the diagnostic characteristics are useful for identifying this ancestry, but if, for example, a cetacean were found that had no hair at all, it would still be classed as a mammal.
		Molecular studies by a small group of molecular systematicists, based on DNA analysis, have revealed new relationships among mammal families over the last few years.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/mammal (1570 words)

	Higher Mammal Classification
		A comparison for reference of the traditional and the McKenna/Bell classifications is shown in Table 1 et seq.
		Identification of mammals tends to be more difficult than for other tetrapods since external characters often are undiagnostic or diagnostic only with experience.
		As a result, students of mammals rely heavily on taxonomic keys for identification until they learn the fauna they're working on.
	www.utep.edu /leb/classification/mammclassification.htm (394 words)

	Middle School Home
		The students are then asked to hypothesize whether the mammal skull is an omnivore, carnivore, or herbivore, and what the mammal they are observing using a field guide.
		The students are re-introduced to the concept of classification.
		The students are given a series of specimens that have such things as scales from a snake, and a fish; hair from a mammal and feathers from birds; bones from a mammal and bones from a bird.
	www.birdweb.org /Education/MidSchool/MidSchool.asp (2543 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		C) Write a life history of a native game mammal that lives in your area, covering the points outlined in requirement 3C.
		Describe the 25-Acre area that you used for this requirement: __________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ List the mammal species you identified by sight or sign.
		Tell how and where you made your bait-tracking pit: _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ List the mammals and other animals that came to the bait: _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ If you selected Option E: Visit a natural history museum.
	www.usscouts.org /usscouts/mb/wkbks/mb071.doc (872 words)

	Scientific Classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Our current day classification system was created by Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeaus in 1757; this is what we refer to as Taxonomy.
		Marine mammals are animals that are warm-blooded with back bones that live in water.
		These classifications allow people to better understand how marine mammals are related to other animals.
	nmml.afsc.noaa.gov /education/taxonomy.htm (340 words)

	Classification of Mammals
		Unlike other animals, mammals have body hair, have 3 middle ear bones (the malleus, incus, and stapes), and nourish their young with milk that females produce in modified sweat glands that are called mammary glands.
		Subclass Metatheria (marsupials, about 270 species of mammals whose young are in an immature state, most females have pouches)
		Order Monotremata (2 families of mammals that lay eggs with leathery shells and nourish the young with milk from belly pores: Family Ornithorhynchidae, duck-billed platypus and Family Tachyglossidae, spiny anteaters)
	www.allaboutmammals.com /subjects/mammals/classification/index.shtml (237 words)

	Guest Book Entries [The Dinosauricon]
		In one issue of National Geographic(forgot which month), they said based on mammal genes they said theat there was a new way of mammal classifying where there was a new form of classifying mammals.
		Just one last question: Is cladistics now accepted by most paleontologists as the form of classification.
		There has been a lot of recent research into the higher phylogeny of eutherian mammals, with studies based on molecular (including genetic) evidence challenging traditional morphology-based hypotheses.
	dino.lm.com /guests/display.php?id=364 (1055 words)

	MAMMAL Classification
		Living members of the Class Mammalia are divided into three infraclasses, 26 orders, 133 families, 1135 genera, and 4629 species (Wilson and Reeder, 1993).
		The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of genera and species respectively in a family.
		A molecular classification of the eutherian orders follows the traditional classification.
	users.tamuk.edu /kfjab02/Biology/Mammalogy/Mammal_classification.htm (342 words)

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