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Topic: Man in the middle attack

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	Man-in-the-middle attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In cryptography, a man-in-the-middle attack (MITM) is an attack in which an attacker is able to read, insert and modify at will, messages between two parties without either party knowing that the link between them has been compromised.
		The MITM attack is particularly applicable to the original Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol, when used without authentication.
		While this example focuses on the MITM attack in a cryptographic context, MITM should be seen as a general problem resulting from any use of intermediate parties acting as a proxy for the clients on either side.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Man_in_the_middle (649 words)

	Spoofing attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer security, a spoofing attack is a situation in which one person or program successfully masquerades as another by falsifying data and thereby gains an illegitimate advantage.
		An example from cryptography is the man in the middle attack, in which an attacker spoofs Alice into believing he's Bob, and spoofs Bob into believing he's Alice, thus gaining access to all messages in both directions without the trouble of any cryptanalytic effort.
		This attack is often performed with the aid of URL spoofing, which exploits web browser bugs in order to display incorrect URLs in the browsers location bar; or with DNS cache poisoning in order to direct the user away from the legitimate site and to the fake one.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spoofing_attack (462 words)

	RSA Security - 3.6.1 What is Diffie-Hellman?
		In this attack, an opponent Carol intercepts Alice's public value and sends her own public value to Bob.
		The authenticated Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol, or Station-to-Station (STS) protocol, was developed by Diffie, van Oorschot, and Wiener in 1992 [DVW92] to defeat the man-in-the-middle attack on the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol.
		In recent years, the original Diffie-Hellman protocol has been understood to be an example of a much more general cryptographic technique, the common element being the derivation of a shared secret value (that is, key) from one party's public key and another party's private key.
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/node.asp?id=2248 (651 words)

	Man-in-the-middle attack
		A type of attack where a user gets between the sender and receiver of information and sniffs any information being sent.
		In some cases, users may be sending unencrypted data, which means a the man-in-the-middle can easily obtain any unencrypted information.
		In other cases, a user may be able to obtain the information from the attack but have to unencrypt the information before it can be read.
	www.computerhope.com /jargon/m/mitma.htm (77 words)

	Man in the Middle
		If a third party is providing your connection or network between the two computers, it becomes very easy for that third party, the man in the middle, to mess with your communications.
		Humans have often been in the middle between divinity and the beasts, though at one time the beasts were the divine.
		That was where the leak was, not the man in the middle, though with the ST-10s in place, that matters little either.
	transform.to /~mwbard/tbp/liumaninthemiddle.html (1871 words)

	The SMB Man-In-the-Middle Attack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Man in the middle attacks are an old concept.
		However, when a target host can be forced to authenticate with an attacker and the credentials used are also valid on the server portion of the target, it becomes possible to gain access to that server as whatever user the target's client is trying to authenticate as.
		This is accomplished by acting as a man in the middle to both the server and the client portions of the target.
	www.xfocus.net /articles/200305/smbrelay.html (1314 words)

	Apani Newsletter - Net News
		This attack exploits a weakness created by the behavior of certain tunnel-mode (VPN) IPSec packets, where integrity protection is not enabled, potentially compromising the security of financial and personal data.
		It requires that packets be routed through the attacker's system, and is known as a “man in the middle” attack.
		Should an attack like the one outlined in the alert take place, the corruption would be identified by the INS System, which then drops the packet and makes a log entry to alert the network administrator.
	www.apani.com /newsletter/05/06/art006.htm (391 words)

	On the importance of securing your bins: The garbage-man-in-the-middle attack - Joye, Quisquater (ResearchIndex)
		Our attack relies on the cryptanalyst being able to modify some ciphertext and then getting access to the decryption of this modified ciphertext.
		40 A chosen text attack on the RSA cryptosystem and some discre..
		A New and Optimal Chosen-message Attack on RSA-type..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /246816.html (672 words)

	Secure programming with the OpenSSL API, Part 2: Secure handshake
		When talking about digital certificates, it is an attack that must be considered because regardless of the security parameters behind the SSL connection, a man in the middle attack can render those precautions worthless.
		In this article, I've demonstrated how to secure the SSL handshake against a man in the middle attack in which the intruding party masquerades as another, trusted source.
		The San Francisco Chronicle reported on March 18, 2004, of a case of a woman using a technique similar to man in the middle to rob people.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/linux/library/l-openssl2.html?... (2984 words)

	TriTarget.com - Man-In-The-Middle Attacks
		It is quite easy for someone to climb the telephone poles and listen in on a telephone conversation.
		In computers someone can place themselves in the middle and ease-drop on the computer conversation.
		The most popular way is to make the data you send be encrypted so that ease-droppers see nothing but gibberish.
	tritarget.com /article.php?story=20040906164823321 (353 words)

	SSH Overview - Threats
		Because the data in a Secure Shell session is encrypted, it is not vulnerable to this kind of attack and cannot be decrypted by the eavesdropper.
		If the first connection and host key exchange between a client and a particular host is compromised, the MITM attack fools both the client and server into thinking that they are communicating directly with one another when, in fact, an attacker is actually intercepting all traffic between the two as illustrated below:
		In a MITM attack an attacker (Eve) impersonates both the server and the client.
	www.vandyke.com /solutions/ssh_overview/ssh_overview_threats.html (272 words)

	Wireless Hacking: Breaking Through > The Easiest Way to Get in (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		When attacking such networks, a cracker has only three main concerns: physical network reachability, connectivity to the Internet, and the (rare) possibility of a honeypot trap.
		Physical network reachability: Even if a network is wide open, it is no good (for a cracker) if the only way to connect to it is to sit with a laptop right under the office window.
		It is truly amazing when you sit in the park with a huge antenna in the middle of nowhere and present yourself as a university student doing research.
	www.awprofessional.com /articles/article.asp?p=353735&seqNum=7&rl=1 (574 words)

	Security Watch - CNET reviews
		This is, of course, a wireless net's greatest benefit: you can move around your office building and, regardless of wiring, connect to an intranet or the Internet from any office, conference room, or work station.
		The insidious part of an MITM attack is that the victim is unaware that there's an attacker eavesdropping on his or her data.
		But in reality, during that interruption, the attacker gained the ability to view the victim's data as it flows though the attack device on its way to the network server.
	reviews.cnet.com /4520-3513_7-5021256-1.html (1019 words)

	G22.3033-003 Lab 2
		The protocol, however, is broken: in particular, it is susceptible to a man-in-the-middle attack.
		To simplify the task of mounting a man-in-the-middle attack, all communication between Alice and Bob is explicitly routed through Mallory, the man in the middle.
		After you have figured out the attack on our flawed protocol, in Part A of this lab you will have to modify the code of the man in the middle so as to mount your attack against Alice and Bob.
	www.scs.cs.nyu.edu /css/lab/lab2.html (1959 words)

	O'Reilly -- dsniff and SSH : Reports of My Demise are Greatly Exaggerated
		The MITM is not a new idea; it is a well-known general method of attack against authentication and key-exchange protocols.
		And > since so very few users own personal certificates, it is > exceedingly rare for a user to be able to prove their > identity to the server in question--leaving the connection > open to attack.
		Instead > of certificates, however, SSH simply uses a secret > and public key, and since they are generally not signed, > it is trivial for an attacker to sit in the middle > and intercept the connection.
	www.oreillynet.com /pub/a/oreilly/networking/news/silverman_1200.html (2383 words)

	Defense Against Man-in-the-Middle Attack in Client-Server Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Clients are vulnerable to powerful man-in-the-middle attacks through viruses, which are undetectable by conventional anti-virus technology.
		We describe such powerful viruses and show their ability to lead to compromised clients, that cannot protect copyrighted or "sensitive" information.
		We introduce a methodology based on simple hardware devices, called "spies", which enables servers to establish client integrity, and leads to a successful defense against viruses that use man-in-the-middle attacks.
	csdl.computer.org /comp/proceedings/iscc/2001/1177/00/11770009abs.htm (171 words)

	Going up the wireless stack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Two weeks after these bon mots, Cigital, Inc. of Dulles, Virginia, issued a press release stating that it had just found a "wireless attack" that used the "man in the middle" (MITM) technique to blow a hole open in the wired network that was connected to a wireless device.
		The Cigital release warns that "the class of attacks discovered by Cigital intercedes between two wired hosts behind a corporate firewall, between a wired host and a wireless host, and between two wireless clients.
		Insertion attacks, which get your evil devices recognized by the network, are always popular.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/wireless/library/wi-stack.html?open&... (2042 words)

	MUTE: Simple, Anonymous File Sharing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In this case, the sender would encrypt a message to the receiver using Eve's key, and if that message was routed through Eve's node, she could read the message and then re-encrypt it with the true receiver's key before routing it onward.
		In this case, we would be assuming that our sender-receiver route is different from our sender-authority route so that a single person-in-the-middle could not interfere with both routes.
		For each message, Eve would decrypt the message (using the private key associated with her own ID), replace the ID with the true receiver's ID, re-encrypt the message using the receiver's ID, and then route the messages onward to the receiver.
	mute-net.sourceforge.net /personInTheMiddle.shtml (1744 words)

	Wireless Man in the Middle Attack Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Final note for concerned readers, understand that I will mention tools and technique for cracking a wireless network, but the process for these attacks will not be discussed in the detail required to actually perform the crack.
		These attacks usually involve setting a Network Interface Card (NIC) to Promiscuous Mode, which allows the NIC to see all traffic intended for any host on the network.
		Instead of listening to all packets that pass through a network, man-in-the-middle attacks attempt to pick one or more hosts to interfere with.
	blogs.ittoolbox.com /wireless/networks/archives/007422.asp?rss=1 (654 words)

	SecuriTeam™ - Man-In-The-Middle Attack Using Bluetooth In A WLAN Interworking Environnment
		This in turn opens the door for a man-in-the-middle type of attack on the bluetooth link in a WLAN internetworking environment - by luring the victim to connect to a malicious WLAN access point the attacker is not required to know the Bluetooth link key.
		The paper by Eric Gauthier describes the assumptions and attack on the bluetooth link and details what is vulnerable and why.
		It presents a discussion about the requirements and the conditions in which such an attack can take place, how it is performed and the consequences of compromising the bluetooth link.
	www.securiteam.com /securityreviews/5OP050UC0U.html (242 words)

	A Man-in-the-middle attack on Nalla-Reddy's ID-based Tripartite Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol - Shim ...
		A Man-in-the-middle attack on Nalla-Reddy's ID-based Tripartite Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol (2003)
		Abstract: In this letter, we show that the Nalla-Reddy's one round IDbased tripartite authenticated key agreement protocols are still insecure against the man-in-the-middle attacks.
		Shim, "A Man-in-the-middle Attack on Nalla-Reddy's ID-based Tripartite Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol," Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2003/115.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /580696.html (294 words)

	Technorati Tag: Man-in-the-Middle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Wireless Man in the Middle Attack Part II
		Wireless Man in the Middle Attack Part I
		A Man in Full at MSN Shopping Compare prices and save big on books and magazines at MSN Shopping.
	www.technorati.com /tag/Man-in-the-Middle (400 words)

	Man in the middle attacks
		>In my previous message I was attempting to point out how a man in the >middle spoofing attack might be executed against your USENET news >scenario: I agree.
		As far as I am concerned, the man-in-the-middle attack is a nice theoretical construct but of no real importance.
		Bob is a very busy man and has hired a secretary, Carol.
	www.sandelman.ottawa.on.ca /spki/html/1996/winter/msg00237.html (809 words)

	Man in the middle attack - LinuxQuestions.org
		Therefore attacks are easier to carry out on hubbed networks, because all messages are broadcast to all machines.
		It is possible to confuse a switch into sending data to the wrong machine, by forging ARP packets (see http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc826.html for a discussion of ARP).
		Ettercap allows you to select a source and destination IP, forge ARP packets to confuse the switch into sending data between those two IPs via the computer its running on, and sets up a route between the two IPs.
	www.linuxquestions.org /questions/showthread.php?postid=839766 (1454 words)

	SecurityWarnings - Man-in-the-middle attack
		It relies on having complete access to all messages between the two parties wanting to communicate A and B.
		Meaning all messages between A and B must pass between the man in the middle M.
		Upon the start of communication the public keys must be exchanges between A and B.
	www.securitywarnings.com /encyclopedia?id=13 (170 words)

	LinuxElectrons - Avoid A Man In The Middle (MITM) Attack
		Avoid A Man In The Middle (MITM) Attack
		Securing the handshake during a Secure Sockets Layer session (SSL) is vital, since almost all of the security involving the connection is set up inside the handshake.
		Learn how to secure the SSL handshake against a man in the middle (MITM) attack -- in which the intruding party masquerades as another, trusted source.
	www.linuxelectrons.com /article.php?story=200505090025403 (117 words)

	Man-in-the-middle attack - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		If Bob sends his public key to Alice, but Mallory is able to intercept it, a man-in-the-middle attack can begin.
		Mallory can simply send Alice a public key for which she has the private, matching, key.
		es:Ataque Man-in-the-middle fr:Attaque de l'homme du milieu it:Man in the middle nl:Man-in-the-middle-aanval pl:Atak man in the middle
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Man_in_the_middle (697 words)

	13367: Logitech Wireless Keyboard/Mice Man In The Middle Attack
		OSVDB is an independent and open source database created by and for the community.
		Logitech Wireless Keyboard/Mouse contains a flaw that may allow a malicious user to perform a man in the middle attack.
		The issue is triggered when a malicious user takes advantage of the long sync delay between the keyboard/mouse and the receiver occurs.
	www.osvdb.org /displayvuln.php?osvdb_id=13367 (298 words)

	FreeBSD File Flags and Man-In-The-Middle Attack
		Since a bug in login and other similar programs causes the normal chown to fail, this first user will own the terminal of any login.
		Impact Local users can execute a man-in-the-middle attack against any other user (including root) when the other users logs in.
		The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or the University of California, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes.
	www.ciac.org /ciac/bulletins/j-066.shtml (828 words)

	Man-in-the-Middle Resources Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In most cases, it is the initial key exchange messages with a public key sample that are vulnerable.
		The attack could be carried out (and, certainly, has been carried out) thousand years ago, with snail-mail.
		This text is based on an excerpt restored from the incrypt.com cache.
	www.cc.gatech.edu /~ok/mitm (572 words)

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