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Topic: Manchurian language

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	Manchu language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Manchu language is a member of the Tungusic languages of Altaic family; it used to be the language of the Manchu, though now most Manchus speak Mandarin Chinese and there are fewer than 100 native speakers of Manchu out of a total of nearly 10 million ethnic Manchus.
		It is an agglutinizing language that demonstrates limited vowel harmony, and it has been demonstrated that it is derived in the main from the Jurchen language though there are many loan words from Mongolian and Chinese.
		In fact, the modern custodians of the language are actually the Sibe who live near the Ili valley in Xinjiang and were moved there by Qianlong Emperor in 1764.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manchu_language (823 words)

	Manchu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Manchu language is almost extinct, being spoken only among a small number of elderly people in remote rural areas of northeastern China and a few scholars; there are around 10,000 or so speakers of Sibe (Xibo), an innovative Manchu dialect spoken in the Ili region of Xinjiang.
		The Manchu language is a member of the Tungusic language group, itself a member of the disputed Altaic language family (and hypothetically related to the Korean, Mongolic and Turkic languages).
		For political purposes, the early Manchurian emperors took wives descended from the Mongol Great Khans, so that their descendants (such as the Kangxi Emperor) would also be seen as legitimate heirs of the Mongolian Yuan dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manchu (1420 words)

	Search Results for "Manchurian"
		Manchurian Incident, or Mukden Incident, 1931, confrontation that gave Japan the impetus to set up a puppet government in Manchuria.
		As the leader of a unit of Manchurian militia he assisted (1904-5) the Japanese in the Russo-Japanese...
		The capital of Liaoning province, it was the site of the so-called Mukden, or Manchurian, Incident (1931), in which the Japanese army used an explosion...
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Manchurian (277 words)

	Did Qin Emperor speak mandarin - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		The chinese language (known in the west as "Mandarin chinese") is currently the official language of People's Republic of China and Taiwan (ROC), as well as one of the official languages of Singapore and Malaysia.
		All chinese languages employ a common written form and represent a cultural union, but they are mutually unintelligible and have their own dialects, and for these reasons are classified as languages, not dialects.
		The classification of languages into families or dialectical branches, while usually a blast, can never be definite or even ‘scientific.’ All languages are made up by their speakers over time- end of story.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=226 (3309 words)

	Korean as standart language
		It is the official language of the two Korean states of Korean peninsula, and, beyond this, is still in wide use among almost territorially compact 2 million-strong ethnic Korean community in North-eastern China and partly among 600 thousand-strong Korean community in Japan.
		In the northern part of the peninsula, main dialect regions are northwest and northeast, official colloquial language standard of North Korean state (language of TV and radio anchors, etc.) being almost equally influenced by the two together and basically formed by the specific Pyongyang area way of pronunciation.
		Thus, “Korean language globalisation” cited by Korean governmental institutions as the main reason for lavishly subsidising foreign (first and foremost, American) Korean-teaching institutions, in reality is often limited to the preservation of Korean Diaspora’s ethnic legacy against the assimilation trends, and does not influence non-Korean local society too strong.
	www.geocities.com /volodyatikhonov/korean.htm (7440 words)

	Manchurian Folk Tales, Part One: The Origins of the Manchu People - Pack Carnes
		Manchurian is a relatively new name for the people apparently originally called the Juchen.
		The Manchu dynasty was the last dynasty in China, and its last ruler was the Last Emperor, or "the last of the Manchu." The Manchurians are traditionally thought of as coming from the Long White Mountains, a locale that figures prominently in their tales.
		With the loss of the language there is naturally a concomitant loss in the oral transmission of tales, but a significant number have been preserved by effective collecting among the Manchu and the Mongolians.
	www.worldandi.com /specialreport/1992/May/Sa20476.htm (303 words)

	ALLCACH2002 - abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		At the stage when it is hard to teach computer to understand a human language, it is quite possible to make it recognise the sound closeness of a language to this or that language on the basis of the analysis of its sound speech chain.
		The computer had to analyse the sound chain of a language and then to put it closer to some languages and far away from the others, basing on the frequency of occurrence of certain consonantal groups.
		Having it in mind, it is not possible to compare languages on the basis of the frequency of occurrence of separate phonemes, because the sets of phonemes in languages are usually different.
	www.uni-tuebingen.de /cgi-bin/abs/abs?propid=17 (933 words)

	::: IBT - January 28, 2003 ::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Itelmens are natives of the Kamchatka peninsula and number only about 2,000, but among them are many champions of the cause for retaining their language and culture.
		Cooperating with other translation agencies and local churches, IBT is currently involved in translating the Bible into 80 languages spoken in the former USSR.
		But many others are still waiting to read the Gospel in their own language.
	www.ibtnet.org /latest_news/030128_siberian.html (217 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Sinitic-Daic
		You have reached the page on Sinitic and Daic languages, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		Please note that this language is not to be confused with Manchu, a Tungusic language belonging to the Altaic branch of the Ural-Altaic family.
		Manchu was the language of the rulers during the Manchu Dynasty in China and Central Asia.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/sinizhuh.htm (1159 words)

	Language
		Language families can be divided into smaller phylogenetic units, conventionally referred to as branches of the family, because the history of a language family is often represented as a tree diagram.
		Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
		A language isolated in its own branch within a family, such as Greek within Indo-European, is often also called an isolate, but such cases are usually clarified.
	www.angindia.com /biographyland/biography_language.html (454 words)

	The Manchurian Candidate Movie Review at Hollywood Video
		Manchurian Global is one big, scary mother (scarier, even, than the ice-chewing Eleanor herself), but it isn't too far off from certain corporations that have been in the news, and the documentaries, recently.
		To give away any of its laundry list of evildoings would be as criminal as most of their acts, but the scope and magnitude of their horrors is unnerving.
		Marco's role is significantly increased from the 1962 version; in addition, he shares some of the culpability with Shaw, which he didn't in the original.
	www.hollywoodvideo.com /movies/movie.aspx?MID=139148 (2111 words)

	[No title]
		Mongolian is the language of most of the population of Mongolia and also of Inner Mongolia and of separate groups living in several other provinces and regions of China and the Russian Federation.
		By origin, it is one of the languages of the Mongolian group of the Altaic family.
		The monuments of that period are linguistic materials referred to in historical documents of neighboring nations, in a majority of cases in Chinese transcription; materials in the Tabghatch dialect of the Xian'pi language; and in the Mongolian literary language in the Mongolian script based on the ancient Mongolian language.
	www.indiana.edu /~mongsoc/mong/language.htm (1204 words)

	Joseph-Anna-Marie de Moyria de Mailla
		After finishing his studies he joined the Society of Jesus in 1686, and in 1701 was sent on the mission to China as a member of the order.
		When he was fifty years old he began the study of the Manchurian tongue, and made such progress that he was able to translate into French the "Thoung-kian-kang-mou", an extract from the great Chinese annals, which the emperor had prepared in the Manchurian language.
		He finished the translation in several volumes in the year 1730, and in 1737 sent it to France, where it lay for thirty years in the library of the college at Lyons, Ferret, who purposed publishing it, having died.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/m/mailla,joseph-anna-marie_de_moyria_de.html (502 words)

	HUNMAGYAR.ORG - TURAN - MANCHURIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		As a result of this urbanization combined with active government efforts to eliminate Nanay as a language of instruction in schools, less than half of the Nanay spoke Nanay as their primary language by 1980.
		The Orochi speak the Orochi language, which is attributed to the southern (Manchurian) subgroup of the Tungus-Manchurian languages.
		It is known that the Orochi language is much closer to the Evenk than the languages of all other peoples of the Cis-Amur Region.
	www.hunmagyar.org /turan/manchu/manchu.html (3044 words)

	Mandarin or Cantonese - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Manchurians,their language is Manchurian - a tungus/jurchen language belonging to the Turkish language group.
		Hey Manchurian guy when you are translating the word ¡§Eisengoro Nurgarchi¡¨ (the name of royal Manchurian family) into mandarin it is a perfect match, it sounds the same.
		I believe there is no language superior over the other language, all languages are cool and really..knowing a language should be a joy because the point of knowing a language is so you can communicate with others.
	www.chinasprout.com /ubb/Forum12/HTML/000005-2.html (5994 words)

	Manchurian Folk Tales, Part Two: Great Hunters and an Orphaned Heroine - Retold by Pack Carnes
		The Manchu language, altogether different from and unrelated to Chinese, is an Altaic language that sadly is nearly (if not yet completely) extinct.
		With the loss of the language there is a concomitant loss in the oral transmission of these peoples' traditional tales.
		The collecting continues, although virtually all Manchurian folk tales are now to be found in Chinese, with very few in Mongolian.
	www.worldandi.com /specialreport/1992/june/Sa20330.htm (332 words)

	ORIGIN THEORIES
		The process of unifying the Korean language was accelerated in the 10th century when the Koryo Dynasty replaced the Shilla and moved the capital from Kyoungju, the Shilla capital in the south, to Kaesong, a more centrally located capital.
		Although the Korean language was becoming the dominant medium in the country, Tungusic, which an aggressive Koguryo tribe had previously carried down to mid-Korea, was influencing the Korean language.
		The Korean language was outlawed in schools and was discouraged in the home producing a group of Koreans far better at Japanese than Korean.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/korean2.html (848 words)

	Hunters: The people of Siberia
		The KHANTS (Ostyaks, Ob Ostyaks) are comprised of 23,000 people who speak the Khant language of the Finno-Ugrian group of the Uralic language family and live in the regions of the Ob and Irtysh Rivers and their tributaries, within the range of the Khants-Mansi and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Districts.
		The CHUKCHIS (Luoravetlan) consist of 15,000 people who speak the Chukchi language of the Chukchi-Kamchatka (Paleoasiatic) language family and live in northeastern Russia, within the boundaries of the Chukchi Autonomous District of the Magadan region, north of the Koryak Autonomous District of the Nizhnekolymskii (lower Kolyma) region of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).
		They speak the Yakutian language of the Turkic group of the Altaic language family and live mostly in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), with lesser numbers residing in the Krasnoyarsk and Khabarovsk regions, the Evenk Autonomous District, and the former Soviet Republics.
	www.museum.state.il.us /exhibits/changing/journey/hunters-people.html (759 words)

	The Manchurian Candidate - 2004 Movie Preview from All-Info About - The Family Screen Scene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Soon Marco learns that Manchurian, an international conglomerate, is behind a mind control scheme to manipulate Congressman Raymond Shaw (Liev Schreiber), a soldier under his command in the Gulf War.
		Marco must convince Raymond that he's been brainwashed and is under the control of a corporation and his wicked mother who are using him to help them push through their policies and sinister plans for world domination.
		The Manchurian Candidate titles, characters, names, images and all indicia are copyright © Paramount Pictures and Viacom.
	familyscreenscene.allinfoabout.com /movies/manchurian_candidate.html (638 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In the 19th Century, the overbar was frequently used with the square root symbol to group the terms which were to have their root taken.
		In addition, it has almost no words longer than six letters, and can easily be distinguished from just about any other language using the Roman alphabet, even at a distance long enough for it to be hard to read.
		A national language on occasion is printed with a very different spelling from the traditional.
	www.textfiles.com /humor/english.txt (1864 words)

	Leavenworth Papers No. 7 (August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria)
		For the Soviets, the Manchurian offensive was the logical by-product of their war experience, a surgically conducted offensive with almost predestined results.
		For the Soviets, the Manchurian offensive marked the culmination of four years of bitter conflict with Germany in the west and a similar period of worried attentiveness to Japanese intentions in the east.
		Soviet planning for the Manchurian campaign began in March 1945, when operations in the west were in their final phase.
	cgsc.leavenworth.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/glantz3/glantz3.asp (12388 words)

	The Manchurian Candidate Movie Review - The Manchurian Candidate Movie Trailer - The Boston Globe
		The language that the great John Frankenheimer thriller spoke -- of assassination conspiracies and unholy political alliances and paranoia so deep it bled from the walls of the sets -- was completely unfamiliar to audiences of the day.
		Less than a year after its release, JFK was dead, the conspiracy industry was alive, and "Candidate" star Frank Sinatra bought the rights to the film and pulled it out of circulation for more than two decades, during which time it became legendary.
		It's safe to say that no one saw the new version of "The Manchurian Candidate" coming, either: a remake that not only is very good but that burns with fervor and up-to-the-minute topicality.
	www.boston.com /movies/display?display=movie&id=6360 (893 words)

	Manchu alphabet and language
		For the first 200 years or so of the Ch'ing dynasty, Manchu was the main language of government in China and served as a lingua franca.
		By the mid 19th century many of the Manchus had adopted Chinese as their first language, however they continued to produce Manchu version of Chinese documents until the end of the dynasty and for sometime afterwards.
		In Xinjiang in the west of China there are about 27,000 people known as Sibe, Xibo or Sibo who speak a language closely related to Manchu, though they consider themselves a separte ethnic group.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/manchu.htm (307 words)

	Randy's 'Favorite Getaways in Rural Japan' p 14
		Not only were men reluctant to write in the "effeminate" form of their native language, but men of learning and power were too busy immersing themselves in the hand-me-down ideas of classical Chinese learning to explore the imaginative potentials of original literature in the language in which they best thought and could express their feelings.
		As soon as the Japanese began to write in their own language, they discovered that it was a language rather poor in ideas compared to Chinese, which already had a three thousand year history of literature and written learning, including philosophy and religious thought.
		Eventually, the written Japanese language became a combination of Chinese characters and Japanese phonetics, and the characters are now an integral part of the Japanese language.
	www.ease.com /~randyj/rjjapana.htm (4218 words)

	Pls tell me more about Hmong history - Asia Finest Discussion Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		During the nearly 300 years Manchurian rule during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), many Manchurians were "absorbed" into the Han Chinese culture.
		Unlike the Mongolians though, many Manchurians and Han Chinese had interethnic marriages and since Han culture was more influencial, the Manchurian language and culture slowly either added to the Han culture or simply faded away.
		There are still some "pure" Manchurians living in Chinese Northeast today but almost none of them speak the Manchurian language.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=2927 (3876 words)

	SF News - Nov. 5, 1998 Linguist treks to Manchuria to record dying language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Their mission was to find and record speakers of the dying Orochen language.
		Her interest in recording and preserving this dying language was matched not only by the local government, which helpfully provided contacts, but also by the speakers.
		"She was so enthusiastic about having her language preserved that she wanted me to arrange for her to come to Canada so that we could continue the work," says McRobbie.
	www.sfu.ca /mediapr/sfnews/1998/nov5/zita.html (388 words)

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