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Topic: Mandarin Chinese

Related Topics

Mandarin (linguistics)

Bai hua

Beijing dialect

Cantonese language

Cantonese Chinese

Taiwanese (linguistics)

Chinese spoken language

Chinese language

Putonghua

Dialects of Mandarin

Standard Mandarin

Mandarin language

Taiwanese language

Chinese written language

Languages of China

	Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Mandarin Chinese - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mandarin, ("Beifang Fangyan" or Guanhua whose standard form is known as Putonghua ("the common language") Guoyu ("the national language") and Huayu ("the Zhonghua language") is the official language of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC).
		Mandarin is based on Beijing dialect in that the "standard" pronunciation and grammar are supposed to be the same as Beijing dialect.
		Although the use of Mandarin is encouraged as a common working language of communication, the PRC has attempted to be sensitive to the status of local dialect and has also attempted not to portray local dialect as inferior or to discourage its use.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ma/Mandarin_Chinese (1267 words)

	Chinese language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Standard Mandarin is based on the Beijing dialect, which is the dialect of Mandarin as spoken in Beijing, and the governments intend for speakers of all Chinese speech varieties to use it as a common language of communication.
		Old Chinese (T:上古漢語S:上古汉语P:Shànggǔ Hànyǔ), sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese', was the language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC - 256 BC), texts of which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts, the poetry of the Shijing, the history of the Shujing, and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
		Chinese morphology is strictly bound to a set number of syllables with a fairly rigid construction which are the morphemes, the smallest building blocks, of the language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_language (6670 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mandarin is the official variant of the Chinese language used in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China on Taiwan (ROC).
		For example, the Mandarin spoken in Taiwan by students who speak Taiwanese (a dialect of Southern Min) or Hakka as their mother tongue is usually spoken with a grammar and accent that renders it different from the Kuoyu standard, creating a version of Mandarin commonly known as Taiwan Mandarin.
		Mandarin, however, is used very commonly for logistical reasons in that it is often the only means of communication between people of different regions, and because in some parts of China, local dialects from regions as close as a few kilometers are mutually unintelligible.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/mandarin__linguistics_.html (3135 words)

	Learn Mandarin
		Mandarin Chinese is spoken in all of China north of the Yangtze River and in much of the rest of the country and is the native language of two-thirds of the population.
		Mandarin uses four tones--level, rising, falling, and high-rising--to distinguish words or syllables that have the same series of consonants and vowels but different meanings; both Mandarin and the standard language have few words ending with a consonant.
		Mandarin, like all other varieties of Chinese, has mostly monosyllabic words and word elements, and, because there are neither markers for inflection nor markers to indicate parts of speech, it has a fixed word order.
	www.tuvy.com /chinese/learn/learn_mandarin.htm (201 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:CHN
		The Hui correspond ethnically to 'Khoton', 'Hoton', or 'Qotong' in Mongolia, 20,000 Muslim Chinese in Taiwan, and the Hui in Thailand.
		15,000 in Brunei, 29.7% of ethnic Chinese (1979).
		All ethnic Chinese are 53,273 (1990 censu), or 1.3% of the population (1993 Johnstone).
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=CHN (667 words)

	Spoken Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese, Taiwanese, etc)
		Chinese is a family of closely-related but mutually unintelligible languages.
		All varieties of Chinese belong to the Sino-Tibetan family of languages and each one has its own dialects and sub-dialects, which are more or less mutually intelligible.
		The major varieties of Chinese are mutually unintelligible, but most people in China and Taiwan who don't speak Mandarin as their first language, can speak or at least understand it a bit.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/chinese_spoken.htm (634 words)

	Mandarin Chinese
		Mandarin was originally the language spoken by Chinese officials, most of whom came from Beijing.
		Mandarin is known as pŭtōnghuà (common language) or bĕijīnghuà (Beijing language) in China, guóyŭ (national language) in Taiwan, and huáyŭ; (Chinese language) in Singapore and Malaysia.
		Today Mandarin is the main language of government, the media and education in China and Taiwan, and one of the four official languages in Singapore.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/mandarin.htm (893 words)

	Mandarin Chinese Phonetics
		Chinese syllables consist of three elements: initial sound, final sound and tone.
		In Mandarin Chinese, the voiced fricatives are "l" and "r", while the unvoiced fricatives are the "blowing" sounds "f", "h", "s", "sh" and "x".
		In Mandarin Chinese, sounds ending in "n" (an alveolar nasal) are known as front nasals, while sounds ending in "ng (a velar nasal) are known as back nasals.
	www.zein.se /patrick/chinen8p.html (3081 words)

	Writing Mandarin
		Chinese calligraphy is an Oriental tradition rooted in centuries of practice.
		The major Chinese character dictionaries on the web are interlinking at a character-to-character level, allowing visitors to quickly jump across dictionaries to check the same character entry without having to search again for the character.
		Chinese calligraphy is like a rare, exotic flower in the history of civilization, and is a unique gem of Oriental Culture.
	www.shambles.net /pages/learning/Mandarin/Mwriting (704 words)

	AllRefer.com - Mandarin (Chinese And Taiwanese History) - Encyclopedia
		Mandarin Chinese was the language spoken by the official class and was based on the Beijing dialect.
		Mandarin Chinese is now taught throughout the country, and it is the official national language.
		It is widely spoken except along the southeastern coast, where the Cantonese, Fukienese, and Shanghai languages : some considered, along with Mandarin, as Chinese dialects : are dominant.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/Mandarin.html (195 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Health \| Chinese 'takes more brainpower'
		Researchers in Britain have found that people who speak Mandarin Chinese use both sides of their brain to understand the language.
		Mandarin is a notoriously difficult language to learn.
		The researchers believe that this need to interpret intonation is why Mandarin speakers need to use both sides of their brain.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/3025796.stm (543 words)

	hpsg-l mailing list: HPSG and Mandarin Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One is that we are lacking in serious study on Chinese lexical base and often jump too soon for linguistic generalization.
		Chinese syntax is not as rigid as languages with inflections.
		The topic of Chinese word identification and the related segmentation algorithms in the field of Chinese computing is given a thorough survey.
	hpsg.stanford.edu /hpsg-l/1997/0137.html (3465 words)

	Mandarin Chinese Phonetics Pronunciation Guide
		Most Mandarin words have a specific tone to them which must be used when saying the words.
		The transliterated Mandarin has tone marks over a vowel in most words which show you how the word should be pronounced.
		Most Chinese consonants are similar to English consonants except for the following list.
	www.travlang.com /languages/mandarin/pronounce.mandarin.html (91 words)

	Rachel's Pages \| Mandarin Chinese names for gamers
		Mandarin and the other Chinese languages do not have a native (phonetic) alphabet as such; even historically, trying to establish the pronunciation of Chinese words in (for example) native-language dictionaries has been a difficult task.
		Chinese personal names are rather different from their English equivalents.
		In Mandarin (and other forms of Chinese) however, the meanings of names are readily apparent, and are also frequently verb phrases or at least adjective-noun phrases.
	www.jiawen.net /Chinesenames.html (2825 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Mandarin Chinese speaks volumes in giving the young an ear for music
		Psychologists at the University of California in San Diego found that children who learnt Mandarin as babies were far more likely to have perfect pitch - the ability to name or sing a musical note at will - than those raised to speak English.
		While the meaning of English words does not change with tone, the same is not true for Mandarin and other tonal languages, such as Vietnamese, Thai, and other Chinese dialects.
		But while learning Mandarin appears to give children a better chance of developing perfect pitch, some parents might appreciate a simpler method.
	www.guardian.co.uk /china/story/0,7369,1353606,00.html?gusrc=rss (513 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Software: Talk Now! Learn Chinese (Mandarin) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Learning mandarin Chinese by Euro-Talk is a CD-ROM aimed for those wishing to learn Chinese from scratch.
		A major drawback is the lack of written Chinese - only sounds and pictures are shown for each phrase to be learnt.
		Having the Chinese words and phrases written in the familiar Western alphabet would have been a tremendous help since common sounds and words in phrases would been easily identified.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1843520192 (755 words)

	Liverpool Restaurant - A Guide To The Mandarin Chinese Restaurant, Liverpool UK
		Mandarin Chinese Restaurant Liverpool UK Fine Wine and Dining in the heart of Liverpool
		Whatever your occasion, whether you are dining as one or one hundred, we have the perfect setting and some of the finest Peking and Cantonese cuisine Liverpool has to offer together with some of the best service.
		Whether you have had a hard day shopping, taking in the tourist sights or would like to hire a private function room for your office party the Mandarin Restaurant is the ideal location at the heart of Liverpool city centre, providing excellent accessibility to the surrounding business district, shopping centres, bars and clubs.
	www.mandarinliverpool.co.uk (236 words)

	Learn Mandarin - Mandarin Chinese Books, Courses, and Software
		The focus of this course is on understanding in practical situations, and teaches Mandarin Chinese, the official dialect of the People's Republic of China.
		Each Chinese word is also written in pin-yin and translated literally into English; each sentence is also translated into colloquial English; and there are also versions with both complicated and simplified characters.
		The purpose of Sayable Chinese is to supply the advanced student with readings that are useful for practicing and improving spoken Chinese, as differentiated from the more formal, convoluted elements of written Chinese.
	www.multilingualbooks.com /tlstore/chinese.html (2826 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Chinese (Mandarin) I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If it weren't for this program, I would've quit the idea of learning Chinese - but this program made it so easy and effortless that even after this first level I was able to exchange few words with a waitress in a Chinese restaurant in Chinese and be understood.
		One seeming downside to Mandarin I is its apparent overemphasis on numbers.
		In addition to the general utility of numbers, Mandarin II shows that months, days of the week, and many individual words are based on numbers.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0671790617?v=glance (1979 words)

	Learn Chinese - Private Lessons and Group Classes at Chinese Learning Center
		Throughout the year, short-term Chinese class and one-on-one intensive immersion program are offered to help for travelers to China who may wish to gain more out of their travels.
		Classes in Chinese culture and free consultations on business opportunities in China are offered year round for all who wish to enrich their personal lives and to take advantage of the opportunities in one of the fastest growing economies in the world.
		Our Chinese language lessons are unique in providing customized lessons to people who wish to learn Chinese at their own pace with flexible lessons.
	chinese-school.netfirms.com (645 words)

	On-line Chinese Tools
		Rather than being a Chinese language course, it provides tools to people who are already studying and using Chinese.
		Ochlocrat's Learn Mandarin page: Several useful applets and applications for making Chinese GIF files, painting Chinese in applications, etc. Also a section using Voice of America Chinese broadcasts to study Mandarin.
		Chinese Composition Tool: A web that allows you to compose Chinese without installing any input methods.
	www.mandarintools.com (575 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Ultimate Chinese (Mandarin): Basic-Intermediate : Cassette/Book Package (LL(R) Ultimate ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		My Chinese colleagues were very impressed with my speaking abilites after a few months- I could talk about clothes, food, times and dates, places, and ask simple questions about families and activities.
		Second, if you're looking up the Mandarin word for "grateful" you won't find it under "g"; you'll find it under "b" for "be grateful." This holds for other predicate adjectives listed in the glossary.
		I know, without knowing chinese characters you are consider illiterate, but I want to learn mandarin fast so I have to give up something.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0517708779?v=glance (2539 words)

	Dining
		A few Chinese may be able to help prevent you from being ripped off.
		Knowing a few Chinese expressions will make you enjoy your meals, and the more importantly, the experience all the more.
		With a little necessary Chinese vocabulary, you will be able to embark on your own tour of Chinese alleys and villages and come ever closer with the people you will meet.
	www.wku.edu /~yuanh/AudioChinese (374 words)

	Yamada Language Center: Chinese WWW guide
		Mandarin is taught at the University of Oregon by the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures
		Chinese News Digest - Several issues per week, dealing with global and regional chineese issues.
		Learn Mandarin using VOA - Experimental intermediate Madarin site using material from Voice of America.
	babel.uoregon.edu /yamada/guides/chinese.html (224 words)

	sinosplice \| language \| Pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese
		The purpose of this section is to clarify some important issues regarding the pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese.
		It is my intent to identify a few of the misconceptions and to make the reality of the pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese crystal clear, both in linguistic terms and in everyday language.
		The facts which I present here are supported by reputable sources online and have been confirmed by mainland Chinese professionals with M.A. degrees in Chinese (inluding in-depth training in linguistics).
	www.sinosplice.com /lang/pronunciation (346 words)

	Free Chinese Lessons - Mandarin, Cantonese, Taiwanese: Writing "alphabet"..
		Foreign Languages for Travelers (scroll down and choose Cantonese or Mandarin)
		Introduction To Mandarin Chinese - The Chinese Outpost
		Mandarin Chinese Phrases - Kwintessential Language and Culture Specialists
	www.knowledgehound.com /topics/chinese.htm (263 words)

	WannaLearn: Learn Chinese
		Chinese Pronunciation Guide - a guide to the pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese, using RealAudio sound files and Pinyin codes
		BUY IT Chinese (Mandarin) (Pimsleur Basic Language Program) [ABRIDGED] - a highly effective, bookless course on speaking Mandarin, developed by renowned memory expert, Dr. Paul Pimsleur.
		Rosetta Stone: Chinese Explorer - Windows- & Macintosh-compatible software that uses carefully selected pictures to clearly convey the meaning of hundreds of Chinese words and phrases.
	www.wannalearn.com /Academic_Subjects/World_Languages/Chinese (921 words)

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