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Topic: Mandinka people

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	Mandinka people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Mandinka are a Mande people of West Africa, all descendent physically or culturally from the ancient Mali Empire which controlled the trans-Saharic trade from the Middle East to West Africa.
		Mandinka now number over one million and reside in many countries throughout West Africa: Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Senegal, and Sierra Leone.
		Common dialects are Mandinka of The Gambia and Senegal, Malinké of Guinea and Mali, and Soninke of the southern states of West Africa, as well as other West African languages ending in 'ke' or 'ka' (meaning "talk" or "people").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mandinka_people (334 words)

	Mandinka
		Mandinka society is patrilineal (male-dominated) and the smallest social unit is the family.
		Mandinka is also the name of a unique hairstyle made popular in the 1980s by star of The A-Team, Mr.
		Influenced by the Mandinka warriors of West Africa, it consists of a partially shaven head with a strip running down the middle of the head from the forehead to the back of the head joining with strips starting at each ear at the back of the head.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Mandinka.html (190 words)

	The Oral Tradition - The Mandinka Epic
		The source of the epic is embedded in the oral tradition of the griots and the legend of the Mandinka people discovering America before Columbus.
		Mandinka refers to a region and society located in West Africa (currently covering the territory of Sénégal, Gambia and Mali) and to the common language that they speak.
		The piece spans the period between the 12th and 15th centuries and tells the story of three significant kings, the last of whom launched an armada of 2,000 ships that was said to have landed on the coast of the Americas.
	www.si.umich.edu /chico/UMS/Drummers/mandinka.html (304 words)

	Mandinka language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Mandinka language is a Mandé language spoken by some 1.2 million Mandinka people in Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau; it is the main language of The Gambia.
		Latin alphabet and Arabic alphabet-based orthographies are widely used for Mandinka; the former is official, but the latter is more widely used and older.
		Letters in italics are not normally used in native Mandinka words.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mandinka_language (305 words)

	Gambian Bibliography - Culture
		A Mandinka narrative: "Manding Kuno" by A.K. Rahman
		Mandinka drumming is multi-layered and textured, which under varied conditions allows drummers many opportunities to strategize for rhythmic effect and maximum economic benefit.
		The Mandinka and Maninka (also called Malinke) are the western branch of a larger West African linguistic/ethnic family known as Mande (also called Manding, or Mandingue in French) who all trace their origins to the 13th century Mali empire.
	www.africanculture.dk /gambia/biblio/citations/culture.htm (2251 words)

	People
		The river basin was a focal point for migrating groups of people escaping the turmoil of western Sudanic wars dating from the 12th century.
		The contemporary Malinke are an agricultural people, cultivating such staples as millet and sorghum and tending small herds of cattle, kept primarily for trade, bride-price payments, and prestige.
		One of the characteristics of this type of village is that it is usually built on the edge of a plateau, or on ground that overlooks the rice fields with which Diola life is associated.
	www.africanculture.dk /gambia/enc_people.htm (1027 words)

	The Oral Tradition - The Story of The Mandinka Epic
		The professional oral historians (also known as jelis or griots) of today's Mandinka society have taken great care in preserving their history and heritage through stories and songs passed down to each generation.
		The Mandinka Epic is a compilation of songs and short stories that gives a brief chronological history of the Mali Empire that was lead by the Mandinka tribe.
		While the Mandinka people are under the oppressive rule of Sumanguru, a young fragile son of the royal clan has been hidden and protected in a distant land.
	www.si.umich.edu /CHICO/UMS/Drummers/oralmstory.html (721 words)

	Peace Corps Online \| About The Gambia
		People have been interviewed who said that their territories owed loyalty, to the Mali Kingdom.
		The Protectorate People's Party was formed in 1959 a year after Francis Small retired into the world of the martyrs leaving a big political vacuum.
		The students were reacting to tendencies to abuse authority and honour of human values with disregard which led to the killing of Ebrima Barry a student who was allegedly tortured by the Fire Service Personnel and the reported rape of a 13-year old by a member of the security forces in March 2000.
	peacecorpsonline.org /messages/messages/467/4357.html (4147 words)

	Commonwealth Member Countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Mandinka people constitute 42% of total population, followed (in descending order of population) by Fula, Wollof, Jola and Sarahuli.
		Local languages are Mandinka (widely spoken in the provinces), Fula, Wollof (widely spoken in Banjul), Jola and Sarahuli.
		At the end of 2003, 1.2% of people age 15 to 49 were HIV positive.
	www.thecommonwealth.org /Templates/YearbookInternal.asp?NodeID=138585&PrintFriendly=True (389 words)

	Winne.com - Report on Gambia, Open for business
		The Mandinka are the single largest group in Gambia, The Mandinka people are also called Mandingo, and are related to other Manding-speaking groups such as the Bambara of Mali, where they originate.
		The Tukulor people are found predominantly in the Fula Toro region in northern Senegal, although their origins are vague, and their history and culture overlap with the Fula.
		In Gambia, the Aku people are the earliest educated.
	www.winne.com /gambia/bf02.html (1162 words)

	Mandinka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Mandinka are an ethnic group that live in West Africa, primarily Senegal, Gambia, and Guinee, but some also live in Berkina Faso, Mali, and CotedÕ Ivoir.
		Many Mandinka are rural subsistence farmers who rely on peanuts, rice, millets, and some goats for their livelihood.
		Because of this, the Mandinka have a rich oral history that is passed down through praise singers or griots.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/oldworld/africa/mandinka.html (281 words)

	About Gambia and Relative Websites
		Different kings who spoke Mandinka, Wolof, etc. established different states on the north and south banks of the river.
		Once colonialism was established, some Gambians realised that our people were being taxed but the money was not going to build schools, hospitals, roads and improve the quality of life of the people.
		The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, an organ set up under the provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights by the OAU in 1986, is also head quartered in The Gambia.
	www.gambia.dk /gam.html (4500 words)

	BRIA(12:1) United States Civil War, Black Troops, Union Army, Adarand Case, Affirmative Action, Mandinko of Gambia
		Mandinka warriors, probably on horseback, arrived at the Gambia River from their Mali homeland to the north in the 1300s.
		Mandinka mansas grew rich by raiding neighboring kingdoms and taking captives to be sold as slaves.
		Mandinka marabouts led a series of jihads against the animist Mandinka ruling families.
	www.crf-usa.org /bria/bria12_1.html (5523 words)

	Africa - Culture
		People in Ghana named their children according to the day of the week on which they were born.
		The Bambara people are Islamic but still preserve their ancient religion and manner of life.
		The Mandinka people were proud and reserved, which reflected in their art, music, dance, and literature.
	www.kidsnewsroom.org /elmer/infoCentral/frameset/civilizations/africa/cult (167 words)

	The Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod - People & Religious Life
		Appearing on a map as a slice into the side of the country of Senegal, the 4,127 square miles of land occupied by the Republic of The Gambia runs 248 miles inland along the banks of the Gambia River in West Africa.
		The single largest people group, with nearly 500,000 people, is the Mandinka people.
		Although 89 percent of people in The Gambia are Muslim, there is a relaxed tolerance between communities and relative religious freedom is extended to all.
	www.lcms.org /pages/internal.asp?NavID=7002 (385 words)

	Mandinka - TheBestLinks.com - Mali, Senegal, United States, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Mandinka - TheBestLinks.com - Mali, Senegal, United States, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub,...
		Mandinka, Mali, Senegal, United States, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub...
		The most famous fictional Mandinka is probably Levar Burton's character of Kunta Kinte, from the TV mini-series Roots.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Mandinka.html (148 words)

	Mandinka language resources
		Jump to: navigation, search Mandinka may refer to: The Mandinka language The Mandinka people A song from the 1988 SinÃ©ad O'Connor album The Lion and the Cobra This is a...
		Mandinka of The Gambia T he Mandinka people of West Africa number over one million and reside in The Gambia, Senegal and Guinea Bissau.
		Mandinka Balafon Music The mandinka balafon is of particular interest to me. I recently completed building my own instrument, basing my work on measurements taken from an instrument owned by the...
	mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Mandinka.html (1362 words)

	St. Mary's College of Maryland 2000 Gambia Field Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I really feel that the people here in Gambia are a lot more friendly than people in the United States, people in Gambia speak to you even before you acknowledge them- some people in the United States feel that smiling and acknowledging someone is committing a crime.
		People all around you say, "hello, how are you", and to avoid being rude you usually answer them.
		Much like the sales people outside the hotel, these men do not take no for an answer, and you almost feel mean because you have to spell it out that you are not interested at all, in any way, and never will be.
	www.smcm.edu /academics/hss/studyabroad/gambia/FormerFS/2000FS-SJ1.htm (3423 words)

	::::: the background of Sewa-education :::::
		Mandinka is an adjective to describe something belonging to the Manding people.
		However, by the beginning of the 15th century the Songhaï people had established their own state in the east, becoming strong enough to raid Niani.
		It is due to the widespread settlement of the Manding people that Mandinka rhythms are so widespread throughout this area of West Africa.
	www.sewa-education.org /history.html (577 words)

	Flash 1
		They certainly could and did dance, but "The Mandinka Epic" is exactly what the title promises: a full-evening epic, which includes pantomime, opera, dance, drumming, and acrobatics--sometimes all at once.
		"The Mandinka Epic" tells the story of the Mali Empire, led by the Mandinka people, which reached the height of its power in the 13th to 15th centuries.
		The songs in the production are sung in the Mandinka language in various dialects, and the program explains that extensive research went into reproducing costumes, songs, and ritual dances from the period.
	www.danceinsider.com /f310a.html (551 words)

	Discover Haiti: Black History Month 2001
		His initial doctorate dissertation submitted at the University of Paris, Sorbonne in 1951, based on the premise that Egypt of the pharaohs was an African civilization was rejected.
		Samanguru was hostile to the Mandinka people who lived in the region.
		His taxes were high, he felt it was his privilege to carry off Mandinka women, and he failed to maintain law and order along the trade routes.
	www.discoverhaiti.com /black_history_month2001.htm (3815 words)

	eNewsletter
		The Mandinka of Senegal, West Africa, speak Mandinka, one of several Manding languages.
		Many of these peoples have no written script, but the oral tradition is said to be one of the best.
		Pray that people will be called to minister to and encourage Mandinkan Christians so that they will be able to reach their own people group.
	www.thetask.org /students/eNewsletters/Spring00_2.htm (431 words)

	Grinning in Gambia
		People eat with their extended families, sometimes segrgated by age or sex or both (e.g.
		Among the Mandinka people, musicians are only permitted in the Jali (Griot) sub-tribe- a bit like Arabic Qawwalis or European Troubadors.
		Some people here say that the decisions are made last minute for political reasons; others say it is something to do with GMT (Gambia Maybe Time).
	grinningingambia.blogspot.com (1786 words)

	Travelocity Guides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		By the mid-15th century, the Mali empire was waning in influence, and a group of Malinké people migrated into the valley of the River Gambia.
		In the early 15th century, Prince Henry of Portugal began encouraging navigators to sail down the coast of West Africa, hoping to bypass the Arab and Muslim domination of the trans-Saharan gold trade, which by that time was the cornerstone of Portugal's finances.
		Six people were killed as a student demonstration called to protest against police brutality degenerated into a pitched battle between demonstrators and police forces.
	www.travelocity.com /TEU_destPrint/0,4191,TCYUK\|266,00.html; (5465 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		God has endowed people with the ability to enjoy and participate not only in vocal melody and harmony but with an ingenuity to create many kinds of musical instruments to meet various kinds of communication needs.
		In Guinea, West Africa, a Mandinka man, called a jalibaa (jal' ee baa, or praise singer) accompanies his songs with an interesting instrument called a kora (CORE-uh).
		It resembles a mandolin and its body is made of half of a calabash covered with cowhide fastened on with decorative tacks.
	www.global-prayer-digest.org /dailydata/getdaily.asp?which=chosenday&whichyear=2005&whichmonth=6&whichday=10 (351 words)

	ionfo_h8m (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Mandinka are known outside Gambia mainly because of Alex Haley's book Roots and its later TV dramatisation about his slave ancestors.
		Each Mandinka group is dominated by a hereditary group of noblemen, unusual among the other more egalitarian tribes.
		The modern Mandinka are an agricultural people, farming crops like millet and sorghum and tending small herds of cattle, which are kept primarily for trade, bride-price payments, and prestige.
	website.lineone.net /~gambiagts/ionfo_h8m.htm (203 words)

	French culture \| music \| Kandia Kouyate US Tour 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		One of the most famous female singers of the Mandinka people, she is a jalimusa, a female griot (praise singer and oral historian), whose vibrant spirit and startling powerful vocals have made her one of the true divas of African song.
		In the past, the jali (male griot) dominated the music world of the Mandinka and other tribes of West Africa.
		The Mandinka people represent the westernmost branch of the Mande, the descendants of the great Empire of Mali.
	www.frenchculture.org /music/events/02kouyate.html (702 words)

	Mali
		After the collapse of ancient Ghana, the kingdom of Mali, ruled by the Keita Dynasty, arose among the Mandinka (Malinke) people in the region of Kangaba, spanning the borders of present-day Mali and Guinea.
		He conquered Soso and its dependent states with the aid of an alliance of Mandinka chiefs.
		Celebrating his success and bravery, people began to call him Sundiata, or "lion prince." Mali's power increased after Sundiata gained control of vital trans-Saharan trade routes and the gold mines of Bouré on the banks of the Tinkisso River (in present-day Guinea.) Revenues from the gold trade supported the growth of Mali.
	www.ijebu.org /mali (801 words)

	Gambia - Post Report - e Diplomat
		Mandinka people, for example, greet one another with a ritual that lasts up to half a minute, starting with the traditional Islamic greetings, Salaam aleikum and Aleikum asalaam (“Peace be with you,” “And peace be with you”).
		Population density for the country is about 68 people per square kilometer, making The Gambia one of the most densely populated countries in Africa.
		Of the major ethnic groups, Mandinkas predominate with 42% of the population, followed by Fula (19%), and Wolof (15%).
	www.ediplomat.com /np/post_reports/pr_gm.htm (8623 words)

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