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Topic: Mandrake (plant)

	The mandrake
		Another superstition is that when the mandrake is uprooted it utters a scream, in explanation of which Thomas Newton, in his Herball to the Bible, says, “It is supposed to be a creature having life, engendered under the earth of the seed of some dead person put to death for murder”.
		A dog, generally a fl one, was secured to the plant by means of a stout cord, and the mandrake-gatherer, standing at a little distance with a trumpet to his lips, threw a piece of meat to the hungry, captive animal.
		The mandrake is not native to Briatain; it was often replaced by the similarly formed white bryony, invested with similar virtues and, in the United States, by the American mandrake, or May apple (Pseudophyllum peltatum), with a thick, yellowish, fleshly root in the mandrake tradition.
	www.whitedragon.org.uk /articles/mandrake.htm (3654 words)

	Mandrake (plant)
		Mandrake is the common name for members of the plant genus Mandragora belonging to the nightshades family (Solanaceae).
		It was a common belief in some countries that a mandrake would grow where the semen of a hanged man dripped on to the earth; this would appear to be the reason for the methods employed by the alchemists who "projected human seed into animal earth".
		In Germany, the plant is known as the Alraune: the novel (later adapted as a film) Alraune by Hanns Heinz Ewers is based around a soulless woman conceived from a hanged man's semen, the title referring to this myth of the Mandrake's origins.
	www.pillscatalog.net /Mandrake_%28plant%29.html (1608 words)

	Sacred Earth - Sacred Plants: Mandrake
		Mandrake originates in the eastern Mediterranean region and is distributed throughout southern Europe, the Middle East and northern Africa, where it grows in waste places and abandoned fields in sandy and rocky, well draining soil.
		Mandrake was also known to have narcotic properties and in Antiquity was often used as an anaesthetic for surgical procedures.
		The Mandrake roots sold at the market were often 'improved' to enhance their human features by being carved into more recognizable male or female shapes, and fetching up to 30 gold coins a piece.
	www.sacredearth.com /ethnobotany/plantprofiles/mandrake.php (2179 words)

	Mandrake - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		- plant of nightshade family: a plant with a forked root resembling a human body that was formerly believed to have magical powers and was made into a drug.
		Mandrake may refer to: The plant Mandrake; The wizarding-world mandrake plant.
		Mandrake is the common name for members of the plant genus Mandragora belonging to the nightshades family (Solanaceae).
	encarta.msn.com /Mandrake.html (179 words)

	Mandrake - Monstropedia - the largest encyclopedia about monsters
		Mandrake is a long leaved (nearly a foot long, and 6" wide) dark green plant with small greenish-yellow or purple bell-shaped flowers that drow on 3-4" stalks.
		As early as 93 BC the historian Flavius Josephus described the process of collecting the mandrake, stories of which were embellished over the years.The mandrake was fabled to grow under the gallows of murderers and its anthropological shape evidently was responsible for the superstition that it shrieked when it was uprooted.
		In Germany, the plant is known as the Alraune: the novel (later adapted as a film) Alraune by Hanns Heinz Ewers is based around a soulless woman conceived from a hanged man's semen, the title referring to this myth of the Mandrake's origins.
	www.monstropedia.org /index.php?title=Mandrake (3167 words)

	History - Mandrake, plant, root, herb - Mandragora Officinaris, European Mandrake, Attropa Mandragora.
		The value of mandrake as an aphrodisiac and as an aid to conception is espoused in Genesis 30:14-17: And Reuben went in the days of wheat harvest, and found mandrakes in the field, and brought them unto his mother Leah.
		But if one drew three circles around the plant with the tip of a willow wand and ties a fl thread from the plant to the collar of a white dog, one would be safe from the demon's spell when the mandrake was pulled from the ground.
		Another plant with a narcotic effect, mandrake or the mandragore (Mandragora officinarum L.) was thought to be a potentially lethal herb to harvest from the earth.
	www.emandrake.com /public/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=5&MMN_position=3:3 (1033 words)

	White Mandrake Seeds from Alchemy Works - Seeds for Magick Herbs and Pagan Gardens
		In contrast, mandrake roots are sometimes connected to Mars because they have allegedly been used as an instrument of war--in battlefield medicine to deaden the pain of wounds and cause sleep, for one.
		The idea that digging up mandrake caused insanity was probably related to the fact that overdose with this plant induces horrific hallucinations that last for days (and are usually not remembered afterward), a great thirst that cannot be quenched, and the inability to focus or bear light, which can persist for months.
		The plant probably uses this brittle root strategy to propagate itself, since pieces of root will make a new plant (this usually takes 3-4 months, and I have some roots in the ground that are a year old that are not dead but that haven't produced any top growth either).
	www.alchemy-works.com /mandragora_officinarum.html (1682 words)

	Plant hallucinogens as magical medicines \| Science in School
		Mandrake and other plants of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) contain alkaloids that block nerve impulses, which may lead to hallucinations.
		If ever there were women experimenting with poisonous plants, and if ever they did anything other than use their knowledge to heal sick people who could not afford to (or maybe wisely choose not to) see a doctor, they may have used fl or deadly nightshade and henbane as powerful ingredients in their medicines.
		The article and the proposed classroom activities (on the quoted plants and on the side effects of anti-muscarinic drugs) are particularly suitable for upper secondary school but, with a little simplification, they can be adapted for lower secondary school within science and humanities curricula.
	www.scienceinschool.org /2007/issue4/witchmedicine (2751 words)

	mandrake - Encyclopedia.com
		mandrake plant of the family Solanaceae (nightshade family), the source of a narcotic much used during the Middle Ages as a pain-killer and perhaps the subject of more superstition than any other plant.
		Also sometimes called mandrake is the May apple (genus Podophyllum) of the Berberidaceae (barberry family), which has important medicinal properties.
		Mandrake is classified in the division Magnoliophyta, class Magnoliopsida, order Polemoniales, family Solanaceae.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-mandrake.html (975 words)

	mandrake@Everything2.com
		It was also thought that mandrakes could not be uprooted without fatal consequences to the person involved, so a cord would be attached to a root and then tied around a dog's neck.
		As for the scream which mandrakes were supposed to let out when uprooted, it was said that a mandrake root was a living being, some kind of semi-human, "engendered under the earth of the seed of some dead person put to death for murder".
		In reality, a mandrake is a plant whose root resembles a man, and is one of the few safe and effective sleeping agents.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node=Mandrake (486 words)

	HPL: Magical and Mundane Plants
		Mandrake seedlings are tufty little plants, purplish green in colour (CS6) with what look like tiny babies growing where the roots would be.
		The real-life mandrake was once believed to have almost all the properties that Mandrakes have, the main exception being that the plant only sort of looks human-shaped instead of having the unusual roots that Mandrakes have.
		This plant is a particular favorite of Neville Longbottom's, who received one as a present from his Great Uncle Algie for his 15th birthday.
	www.hp-lexicon.org /magic/herbology.html (1996 words)

	What is a Mandrake?
		A mandrake is a plant of the Nightshade family used primarily for its anaesthetic and supposedly magical properties.
		Mandrake was a common ingredient in both medicine and magic spells from ancient times through the Middle Ages, and it continues to see such use today on a lesser scale.
		According to folklore, the humanoid mandrake root screams when it is pulled from the earth, and the human who hears it will go deaf, become insane, or in more extreme versions of the legend, drop dead.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-a-mandrake.htm (400 words)

	Medieval Bestiary : Mandrake
		The mandrake is a plant; its roots grow in human form, male and female, and shriek when torn from the ground.
		The mandrake is usually depicted as a huminoid plant, sometimes as a tiny human with roots or leaves.
		The scene of the dog being used to uproot the mandrake is shown in British Library, Harley MS 1585 (f.
	bestiary.ca /beasts/beast1098.htm (188 words)

	[No title]
		The plant is by modern botanists assigned to the same genus, though formerly was known as Mandragora officinalis, with varieties M. vernalis and M. autumnalis.
		It was held, therefore, that he who would take up a plant of Mandrake should tie a dog to it for that purpose, who drawing it out would certainly perish, as the man would have done, had he attempted to dig it up in the ordinary manner.
		Preferred natural habitat---The American Mandrake is a small herb with a long, perennial, creeping rhizome, a native of many parts of North America, common in the eastern United States and Canada, growing there profusely in wet meadows and in damp, open woods.
	www.angelfire.com /realm2/amethystbt/dangerousmandrake.html (1883 words)

	Bambooweb: Mandrake (plant)
		Mandrake is the common name for members of the plant genus Mandragora, whose roots, because their curious bifurcation cause them to have a semblance to the human figure (male and female), have long been used in magical spells and witchcraft.
		The mandrake, Mandragora officinarum, L., is a plant of the order Solanaceae (or Nightshade) family, called by the Arabs luffâh, or beid el-jinn (i.e.
		Ugone da Lucca, who was born a little after the middle of the twelfth century discovered a soporific which, on being inhaled, put patients to sleep so that they were insensible to pain during the operations performed by him — the drug he employed is known to have been mandragora.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/m/a/Mandrake_(plant).html (959 words)

	American Mandrake Root Herbal Supplement from Herbal Extracts Plus (Site not responding. Last check: )
		American Mandrake Root is a perennial plant that is native to and grows abundantly in North America (not be mistaken for European Mandrake - Mandragora officinarum - a poisonous herb of the nightshade family), and it thrives in moist, humus-rich, well-drained soil in woodlands and clearings in sheltered semi-shade.
		It is an ornamental plant with a single, forked stem that is topped by two umbrella-like leaves and a solitary, waxy, white flower dropping from the fork of the stem.
		Mandrake is an acrid, caustic herb with an unpleasant smell, and because it is so potent, it is not advisable for self-medication in specific applications; therefore, it is always wise to seek an experienced health care provider when using this herb.
	www.herbalextractsplus.com /mandrake-root-american.cfm (961 words)

	Mandrake, plant, root, herb - Mandragora Officinaris, European Mandrake, Attropa Mandragora.
		Mandrake "the Herb", also known as Mandragora Officinaris, European Mandrake or Attropa Mandragora is a little understood plant dating back thousands of years.
		Mandrake is one of the most ancient of herbs known to mankind and yet it still remains to this time, one of the most misunderstood plants on the planet.
		Also there was a wide use of Mandrake during the greek and roman ages as well as during the middle and dark ages as well as during the renaissance period.
	www.emandrake.com (338 words)

	Maya Ethnobotanicals - View Herb -> Mandragora officinarum (Mandrake / Mandragora)
		Several members of the Nightshade family were favorite tools in the hands of medieval witches of Europe, enabling them to perform feats of occult wonder and prophecy, to hex through communication with the supernatural and transport themselves to far-off places for the practice of their nefarious skills.
		Mandrake became famous in [magic] and [witchcraft] because of its powerful toxic and narcotic effects and the bizarre form of its root.
		Mandrake root is primarily used on altars, and as an ingredient in magical amulets, powders and [incense].
	www.maya-ethnobotanicals.com /product_info.phtml/herbid_029 (696 words)

	Mandragora autumnalis - Autumn Mandrake - Solanaceae
		Mandrake roots contain the alkaloid hyoscymine that is used for motion sickness and as a preoperative anesthetic.
		In early times Mandrake had magical properties ascribed to it because the roots sometimes have humanlike form.
		Propagation: Mandragora autumnalis is propagated by division of the tubers in late autumn or by seed.
	www.plantoftheweek.org /week080.shtml (178 words)

	Mandrake
		The mandrake or mandragora has, in folklore and superstition, always been regarded as a plant with special powers.
		It was advisable to put wax in the ears before one attempted to do this: the mandrake would scream when pulled free and this could cause deafness.
		The mandrake root was used for invulnerability, for discovering treasures, and as a charm for pregnancy.
	www.pantheon.org /articles/m/mandrake.html (131 words)

	A Witch's Garden: Mandrake
		Another plant with a narcotic effect, mandrake or the mandragore (Mandragora officinarum L.) was thought to be a potentially lethal herb to harvest from the earth.
		Perhaps because it was believed to spring from such substances as a dead criminal's semen, mandrake root was often used in love potions.
		In 1630, three women in Hamburg were executed on this evidence, and in Orleans in 1603 the wife of a Moor was hanged for harboring a "mandrake-fiend," purportedly in the shape of a female monkey (Masello 84).
	www.shanmonster.com /witch/plants/mandrake.html (564 words)

	Whiskey-Jack: The Balcony Birdwatcher's Bailiwick! - Naturalist section - May-Apple
		The plant is about a foot tall and the group of plants form a widespread canopy to grab as much of the available light on the forest floor as possible.
		It's not known how this plant acquired the name "Mandrake" as there is a European plant well known by that name with a history steeped in folklore and there is no physical similarity between them.
		Mandrake Some folklore on the Mandrake plant (not the May-apple).
	www.pathcom.com /~wgbz/mayapple.htm (282 words)

	Mandrake
		The real Mandrake (the plant) is a long leafed (nearly a foot long, and 6" wide) dark green plant with small greenish-yellow or purple bell-shaped flowers that drow on 3-4" stalks.
		It is best known for the large brown root, running 3 to 4 feet into the ground sometimes single and sometimes forked into two or three distinctive branches (bifid) which gives the plant a rough resemblance to that of a human monster form.
		Mandrake was used in Pliny's days as an anaesthetic for operations, a piece of the root being given to the patient to chew before undergoing the operation.
	monsters.monstrous.com /mandrake.htm (519 words)

	Erowid Mandrake Vault : Images
		Color photo of mandrake plant being transplanted...roots are visible.
		Black and white drawing of Mandragora officinarum plant.
		Black and white drawing of a mandrake plant.
	www.erowid.org /plants/mandrake/mandrake_images.shtml (173 words)

	One Thousand Magical Herbs and Fungi - Emma Watson Empire
		The herbalist Cadfael used the plant as part of an oil used to massage aching joints, but if swallowed or absorbed directly through any break in the skin, the oil could be deadly.
		A key ingredient of the Draught of Living Death, this plant is traditionally associated with the afterlife and the underworld.
		Mandrake seedlings are tufty little plants, purplish green in color with what look like tiny babies growing where the roots would be.
	www.emmaempire.net /archives/cms.en.textbooks_herbs.html (1285 words)

	MANDRAKE
		Mandrake was adopted in medicine as a soporific (sleep inducing agent) and simultaneously was used for its alleged magical properties of enhancing fertility and virility.
		In 200 BC the Chinese used it to produce surgical anaesthesia, and Nostradamus mentions mandrake as a war agent in the Crusades.
		The most widespread story of the mandrake is the tale of the "sickening scream" it supposedly emits when its root is pulled out of the ground.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/madhayes/mandrake.html (820 words)

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