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Topic: Manganese

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Chromium

Manganese (IV) oxide

Iron

Manganese(IV) oxide

Tungsten

Zinc

Transition metal

Manganese oxide

Chromium

Periodic table

Group 7 element

Periodic table of the chemical elements

Metal

Chromium

Potassium permanganate

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	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Manganese
		Manganese is a trace element and eating a small amount from food or water is needed to stay healthy.
		Manganese is constantly present in the mother and is available to the developing fetus during pregnancy.
		Manganese is also transferred from a nursing mother to her infant in breast milk at levels that are appropriate for proper development.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts151.html (1155 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
		Manganese, which is concentrated mainly in the liver, skeleton, pancreas, and brain, is considered important because it is used to make several key enzymes in the body and activates others.
		Manganese deficiency in animals appears to have an adverse effect on the growth of bone and cartilage, brain function, blood sugar control, and reproduction.
		Manganese may also decrease the risk of colon cancer by raising levels of the SOD enzyme, which has antioxidant effects.
	health.enotes.com /alternative-medicine-encyclopedia/manganese (1586 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Manganese oxide is used in the original type of dry cell battery.
		The Swedish chemist Scheele was the first to recognize that manganese was an element, and his colleague, J. Gahn, isolated the pure element in 1774 by reduction of the dioxide with carbon.
		Manganese is part of the iron group of elements which are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosion.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/manganese.html (921 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Manganese (Site not responding. Last check: )
		By the mid 18th century, manganese dioxide was in use in the manufacture of chlorine.
		The Swedish chemist Scheele was the first to recognize that manganese was an element, and his colleague, Johan Gottlieb Gahn, isolated the pure element in 1774 by reduction of the dioxide with carbon.
		Manganese dioxide is also used in the manufacture of oxygen and chlorine, and in drying fl paints.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Manganese (1231 words)

	Manganese - Facts from the Encyclopedia - Yahoo! Education (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Manganese is also found in the +3 (manganic) state, but this state is unstable and usually reverts to the +2 state.
		Manganese dioxide is used as a drying agent; it catalyzes the oxidation of oils in paints and varnishes.
		Manganese is needed as a nutrient in small amounts by many plants and animals and by humans.
	messenger.yahooligans.com /reference/encyclopedia/entry/manganes (558 words)

	Manganese (CASRN 7439-96-5) \| IRIS \| US EPA
		Because manganese is required for adequate bone mineralization, it is suggested that insufficient absorption of manganese in preterm infants may contribute to poor bone growth.
		The clearance of manganese chloride in the primate.
		Manganese inhibition of sarcoma induction by benzo(a)pyrene in Fischer rats.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0373.htm (15007 words)

	Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
		Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the principal antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria.
		Manganese is the preferred cofactor of enzymes called glycosyltransferases; these enzymes are required for the synthesis of proteoglycans that are needed for the formation of healthy cartilage and bone (5).
		Manganese is required for the activation of prolidase, an enzyme that functions to provide the amino acid, proline, for collagen formation in human skin cells (6).
	lpi.oregonstate.edu /infocenter/minerals/manganese (2400 words)

	WHFoods: manganese
		Manganese activates the enzymes responsible for the utilization of several key nutrients including biotin, thiamin, ascorbic acid, and choline.
		Manganese toxicity is most likely to occur in people with chronic liver disease, as the liver plays an important role in eliminating excess manganese from the body.
		Like zinc, manganese is a mineral that can be excreted in significant amounts through sweat, and invididuals who go through periods of excessive sweating may be at increased risk for manganese deficiency.
	www.whfoods.com /genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=77 (1361 words)

	Manganese
		Manganese is an essential trace mineral in animal nutrition and is believed to be an essential trace mineral in human nutrition, as well.
		Manganese ascorbate, in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate, was helpful in treating knee osteoarthritis pain in a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.
		Manganese is primarily eliminated via the biliary route, and hepatic dysfunction leads to depressed manganese excretion.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/man_0171.shtml (1426 words)

	Manganese Requirements & Deficiencies in Dogs
		Manganese occurs in the body principally in the liver, but it is also present in appreciable amounts in the kidneys, pancreas, and bone.
		Manganese is essential for the proper use of protein and carbohydrate by the body, reproduction, and the action of many enzymes in the body responsible for the production of energy and making fatty acids.
		Manganese is present in whole grains, seeds, nuts, eggs, and green vegetables.
	www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=2&articleid=680 (210 words)

	It's Elemental - The Element Manganese
		Manganese is added to molten steel to remove oxygen and sulfur and is alloyed with steel to make it easier to form and work with and to increase steel's strength and resistance to impact.
		Manganese is also used to give glass an amethyst color and is responsible for the color of amethyst gemstones.
		It is used in dry cell batteries to prevent the formation of hydrogen, to remove the green color in glass that is caused by the presence of iron contaminants, and as a drying agent in fl paints.
	education.jlab.org /itselemental/ele025.html (199 words)

	Soy Alert—Manganese Madness
		The manganese concentrations they found in soy formulas were higher, ranging from 0.4 to 2.2 mg; the mean value of 1.2 mg vastly exceeded the infinitesimal 0.005 mg found in human breast milk.
		The primary site of manganese toxicity regardless of the route of exposure—by mouth, inhalation or injection by intravenous tube—in humans, monkeys, rabbits and rats, is a mass of nervous tissue buried deep within the cerebral hemispheres.
		His published research claims that manganese is a trace metal absolutely essential for life and that premature and low birth weight infants may be at risk for developing a deficiency in manganese.
	www.westonaprice.org /soy/manganese.html (2860 words)

	Environment, Energy and Forestry: Manganese
		Manganese has similar chemical properties to iron and, like iron, can be found in both the reduced and oxidized states in groundwater.
		Manganese is an essential element in humans and animals and is regarded as one of the least toxic elements.
		Manganese deposits can cause flish, purplish or yellowish colour to appear and, in some cases, small specks or substances can be seen floating in the water.
	www.gov.pe.ca /infopei/index.php3?number=43866&lang=f (351 words)

	Manganese - Elson M. Haas M.D. - HealthWorld Online
		Manganese little known and underrated by both doctors and the general public, is an essential mineral important to many enzyme systems in carrying out such functions as energy production, protein metabolism, bone formation, and the synthesis of L-dopamine, cholesterol, and mucopolysaccharides.
		Manganese is present in many enzymes in body cells, particularly in the mitochondria (or energy factories) as manganese—containing superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant enzyme.
		Nearly 90 percent of manganese is lost in the refinement of wheat to white flour.
	www.healthy.net /asp/templates/article.asp?PageType=article&ID=2072 (719 words)

	Benefits of Manganese
		Manganese is a mineral found in green leafy plants, nuts, pineapple, seeds, wheat and tea, raisins, egg yolks, ginseng, hops, raspberry and many other plants.
		Manganese is important for the metabolism of fat and protein and it helps to maintain proper blood sugar levels in your body.
		Manganese is primarily touted for use by those with bone, cartilage and joint problems.
	www.ideamarketers.com /library/article.cfm?articleid=126025&from=PROFILE (725 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : manganese : key information
		Manganese is widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom.
		It is an important trace element and may be essential for utilisation of vitamin B. Manganese is present in quantity the floor of oceans.
		Nearly all manganese produced commercially is used in the steel industry as ferromanganese.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Mn/key.html (213 words)

	Welding, Manganese and Parkinsonism - Forensic Toxicology Medicine Toxicology Internal Medicine Experts
		Manganese deposits in the brain have been described within the basal ganglia of the brain,the cortex and the medulla.
		Since manganese toxicity can cause a wide spectrum of neurological diseases, there is no scientific "check box" list to determine that the Parkinsonian like syndrome in front of the treating and evaluating expert is "idiopathic." Causation analysis is based on differential diagnosis, history, review of records, environmental data and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
		In 1932, a German study was published that associated the exposure to manganese laden welding fumes to the onset of manganism.
	www.environmentaldiseases.com /article_wmp.html (1820 words)

	Talk:Manganese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elementbox converted 14:44, 2 July 2005 by Femto (previous revision was that of 12:16, 27 May 2005).
		Additional text was taken directly from USGS Manganese Statistics and Information, USGS Periodic Table - Manganese, from the Elements database 20001107 (via dict.org), Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (via dict.org) and WordNet (r) 1.7 (via dict.org).
		The most common oxidation states of manganese are +2, +3, +4, +6 and +7, but oxidation states of +1 and +5 are also observed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Manganese (356 words)

	Manganese can keep toxic hydrogen sulfide zones in check in aquatic systems, researchers report in 'Science'
		Now a research team from the University of Delaware, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the University of Hawaii and Oregon Health and Science University has discovered that a dissolved form of the mineral also is important in waterways such as the Black Sea and Chesapeake Bay, where it can keep toxic hydrogen sulfide zones in check.
		It can maintain the existence of the suboxic zone by reacting as a reductant with oxygen and as an oxidant with hydrogen sulfide, preventing the deadly hydrogen sulfide from reaching the surface layer of water, where most fish, algae and microscopic plants live.
		The finding is surprising, Luther said, because dissolved manganese as Mn(III) was assumed not to form in the environment and thus was largely ignored by scientists.
	www.udel.edu /PR/UDaily/2007/sep/manganese092906.html (1045 words)

	Manganese Supplements (Systemic) - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Manganese supplements are used to prevent or treat manganese deficiency.
		For patients who are unable to get enough manganese in their regular diet or who have a need for more manganese, manganese supplements may be necessary.
		Lack of manganese in animals has been found to cause improper formation of bone and cartilage, may decrease the body's ability to use sugar properly, and may cause growth problems.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/drug-information/DR202618 (1069 words)

	USGS Minerals Information: Manganese
		Manganese ferroalloys, consisting of various grades of ferromanganese and silicomanganese, are used to provide most of this key ingredient to steelmaking.
		Manganese also is a key component of certain widely used aluminum alloys and, in oxide form, dry cell batteries.
		As ore, additional quantities of manganese are used for such nonmetallurgical purposes as plant fertilizers, animal feed, and colorants for brick.
	minerals.usgs.gov /minerals/pubs/commodity/manganese (236 words)

	[No title]
		The soy formula has massive manganese levels and the fluoridated water that may be used to reconstitute the powder version or concentrate version of the soy formula causes even greater manganese absorption in the infant.
		In all tea extracts used, the manganese absorption was increased, resulting in increased manganese in the tibia.
		The content of manganese was 1440 micrograms/g in the case of oolong tea, 670 micrograms/g in green tea, and 535 micrograms/g in fl tea.
	www.mercola.com /2001/jun/23/manganese.htm (1263 words)

	Manganese Exposure Lawsuit - Contact a Manganese Lawyer today!
		Workers are at most risk for manganese poisoning when mining and processing the toxic material, but manganese is also used to manufacture products like batteries, fertilizers, pesticides, ceramics, as a gasoline additive, and dietary supplements.
		In addition to manganese poisoning, or manganism, and the link to Parkinson's Disease, there are additional chronic manganese health effects that can occur.
		Included in these long-term manganese exposure risks is gradual brain damage, change in blood count, liver and/or kidney damage, lung damage, and lung allergy.
	www.manganese-exposure-lawsuit.com /html/contact.html (433 words)

	A novel mechanism of manganese-induced neurological dysfunction discovered (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In addition, the researchers found that effects of manganese exposure occurred at blood concentrations in the upper range of levels documented in children and adults with environmental or occupational exposure.
		Manganese is a metal used in welding, battery making and in other industrial settings.
		Manganese, in the form of MMT, is approved in the United States as a gasoline additive but is not in use.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-08/jhub-anm082806.php (440 words)

	Products: Manganese Picolinate - The Way Up
		Manganese is not yet well enough studied or understood.
		Whole blood manganese levels are considered to be a reliable measure of body manganese.
		Excessive manganese can be toxic & contribute to cognitive dysfunction & neurological disorders.
	www.thewayup.com /products/0291.cfm (141 words)

	Manganese can keep toxic hydrogen sulfide zones in check in aquatic systems (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Manganese, in trace amounts, is essential to human health.
		It can maintain the existence of the suboxic zone by reacting as a reductant with oxygen and as an oxidant with hydrogen sulfide, preventing the deadly hydrogen sulfide from reaching the surface layer of water, where most fish, algae and microscopic plants live.
		The finding is surprising, Luther said, because dissolved manganese as Mn(III) was assumed not to form in the environment and thus was largely ignored by scientists.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-09/uod-mck092906.php (798 words)

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