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Topic: Manganese (IV) oxide

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Manganese

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20th century

	Manganese oxide
		Manganese dioxide is widely used as an oxidant in organic synthesis.
		The brown precipitate of “manganese dioxide” is dried and activated thermally.
		Elemental manganese was known as regulus of manganese.
	www.marble.com /countertops/encyclopedia/22/manganese,oxide.html (513 words)

	Manganese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manganese oxide is a brown pigment that can be used to make paint and is a component of natural umber.
		Manganese dioxide is also used in the manufacture of oxygen and chlorine, and in drying fl paints.
		Manganese is part of the iron group of elements which are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manganese (1303 words)

	Manganese(IV) oxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manganese dioxide is widely used as an oxidant in organic synthesis.
		The brown precipitate of “manganese dioxide” is dried and activated thermally.
		Manganese dioxide also catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manganese(IV)_oxide (533 words)

	Manganese oxide mixtures in nanoparticle form to lower the amount of carbon monoxide and/or nitric oxide in the ...
		The manganese oxide may have a lower light-off temperature than the additive, such that during smoking of the cigarette, the heat generated from the oxidation of carbon monoxide by manganese oxide is capable of activating the additive.
		By "converting" carbon monoxide or nitric oxide is meant that the manganese oxide nanoparticle mixture chemically reacts with and/or catalyzes the reaction of carbon monoxide or nitric oxide during smoking of the cigarette.
		In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the manganese oxide nanoparticle mixture is capable of acting as both a catalyst for the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and a catalyst for the conversion of nitric oxide to nitrogen.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6782892.html (10515 words)

	Manganese(IV) oxide
		Manganese dioxide can be used as an oxidant for the one-pot conversion of alcohols into imines.
		N-Heterocyclic carbenes catalyze the oxidation of various allylic, propargylic, and benzylic alcohols to esters with manganese(IV) oxide in excellent yields.
		Permanganate supported on active manganese dioxide can be used effectively for the oxidation of arenes, alcohols and sulfides under heterogeneous or solvent-free conditions.
	www.organic-chemistry.org /chemicals/oxidations/manganese(IV)oxide.shtm (187 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - History
		Manganese (Latin magnes, meaning "magnet") was in use in prehistoric times; paints that were pigmented with manganese dioxide can be traced back 17,000 years.
		By the mid 18th century, manganese dioxide was in use in the manufacture of chlorine.
		The Swedish chemist Scheele was the first to recognize that manganese was an element, and his colleague, Johan Gottlieb Gahn, isolated the pure element in 1774 by reduction of the dioxide with carbon.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Manganese_-_History/id/5273180 (474 words)

	Manganese (CASRN 7439-96-5), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency
		Because manganese is required for adequate bone mineralization, it is suggested that insufficient absorption of manganese in preterm infants may contribute to poor bone growth.
		The clearance of manganese chloride in the primate.
		Manganese inhibition of sarcoma induction by benzo(a)pyrene in Fischer rats.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0373.htm (14921 words)

	Manganese - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		In 1837, British academic Couper noted an association between heavy exposure to manganese in mines with a form of Parkinson's Disease.
		Naturally occurring manganese is composed of 1 stable isotope; 55-Mn.
		Manganese isotopic contents are typically combined with chromium isotopic contents and have found application in isotope geology.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/a/n/Manganese.html (1242 words)

	topic17
		17.3.2 Catalysts, hydrogen peroxide and manganese (IV) oxide.
		The heights of the detergent suds are similar to the heights using manganese (IV) oxide.
		17.3.2 Catalysts, hydrogen peroxide and manganese (IV) oxide catalyst, catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
	www.uq.edu.au /_School_Science_Lessons/topic17.html (8227 words)

	Manganese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Manganite, a manganese oxide Manganese is essential to iron and steel production by virtue of its sulfur-fixing, deoxidizing, and alloying properties.
		No practical technologies exist for replacing manganese with other materials or for using domestic deposits or other accumulations to reduce the complete dependence of the United States on other countries for manganese ore. Substitutes: Manganese has no satisfactory substitute in its major applications.
		Paints that were pigmented with manganese dioxide can be traced back 17,000 years.
	manganese.ask.dyndns.dk (1180 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - Applications
		Manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) is used in the original type of dry cell battery.
		Manganese is used to decolorize glass (removing the greenish tinge that presence of iron produces) and, in higher concentration, make violet-colored glass.
		Manganese oxide is a brown pigment that can be used to make paint and is a component of natural umber.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Manganese_-_Applications/id/5273179 (491 words)

	Manganese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Manganese ore was first confused with magnetic iron ore. The most common oxide and mineral is pyrolusite.
		Another promising source of manganese is the "nodules" that are scattered over large portions of the ocean floor.
		All manganese species with oxidation states greater than +2 act as oxidizing agents.
	nobel.scas.bcit.ca /resource/ptable/mn.htm (177 words)

	AUFBAU1 [METALS: MANGANESE]
		Manganese is produced in two forms: ferromanganese, a carbon- containing alloy used to manufacture hard 'manganese' steels; and the pure metal, which is used to manufacture non-ferrous alloys (e.g., Duralumin and Manganin).
		(a) Ferromanganese is formed when a mixture of haematite, pyrolusite, coke, and limestone is heated in a furnace; the proportion of iron to manganese in the alloy is dependent on the purity and ratio of the ores in the mixture.
		This oxidizing agent is often preferred to chlorine, for two reasons: one, it does not affect the taste of the water; and two, the manganese(IV) oxide produced acts as a coagulating agent for suspended particles.
	www.wissensdrang.com /auf1mn.htm (705 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - Isotopes
		Naturally occurring manganese is composed of 1 stable isotope; 55-Mn.
		Manganese is part of the iron group of elements which are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosion.
		Manganese isotopic contents are typically combined with chromium isotopic contents and have found application in isotope geology and radiometric dating.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Manganese_-_Isotopes/id/5273184 (439 words)

	List of inorganic compounds - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gadolinium(III) oxide – Gd Gallium antimonide – GaSb
		Rubidium oxide – Rb Rubidium telluride – Rb Te
		Vanadium(II) oxide – VO Vanadium(III) bromide – VBr
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_inorganic_compounds (840 words)

	RedOrbit - Reference Library
		Mn2+ often competes with Mg2+ in biological systems, and manganese compounds where manganese is in oxidation state +7 are powerful oxidizing agents.
		Manganese occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO2), and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (MnCO3).
		Exposure to manganese dusts and fumes should not exceed the ceiling value of 5 mg/m3 for even short periods because of its toxicity level.
	www.redorbit.com /education/reference_library?article_id=415 (1203 words)

	Manganese - External l inks
		Manganese - External l inks is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		It is hypothesized that long-term exposure to the naturally-occurring manganese in shower water...
		Manganese occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO2), and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (MnCO3).
	www.experiencefestival.com /manganese_-_external_l_inks (1275 words)

	RQcat.htm
		He weighs out 1.0g of manganese(IV) oxide and he drops it into a flask containing 50 mls of hydrogen peroxide solution.
		Manganese (IV) oxide acts as a catalyst for this reaction.
		Potassium chloride is soluble in water, and manganese(IV) oxide is insoluble.
	www.leekhigh.staffs.sch.uk /science/chemistry/chim/RRfolder/RQcat.htm (497 words)

	manganese
		Note: If you aren't happy about complex ions (including the way they are bonded and named), it would pay you to follow this link and explore the first couple of pages in the complex ions menu before you go on.
		The oxygens which were originally attached to the manganese are still attached in the neutral complex.
		The pale brown precipitate is oxidised to darker brown manganese(III) oxide in contact with oxygen from the air.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /inorganic/transition/manganese.html (1049 words)

	Spatially Resolved Characterization of Biogenic Manganese Oxide Production within a Bacterial Biofilm -- Toner et al. ...
		Microbially mediated manganese oxidation in a freshwater lake.
		Manganese L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of manganese catalase from Lactobacillus plantarum and mixed valence manganese complexes.
		Manganese oxidation and in situ fluxes from a coastal sediment.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/71/3/1300 (6588 words)

	1794/4 Specimen Questions
		(iv) The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is exothermic.
		Explain fully, in terms of transfer of electrons and the formation of ions, the changes which occur when magnesium oxide is formed from magnesium and oxygen atoms.
		This is heated in air to produce copper (II) oxide and sulphur dioxide.
	www.colchsfc.ac.uk /library/meg/pages/sci/1794/1794_4.htm (1832 words)

	Effect of Oxide Formation Mechanisms on Lead Adsorption by Biogenic Manganese (Hydr)oxides, Iron (Hydr)oxides, and ...
		The effects of iron and manganese (hydr)oxide formation processes on the trace metal adsorption properties of these metal (hydr)oxides and their mixtures was investigated by measuring lead adsorption by iron and manganese (hydr)oxides prepared by a variety of methods.
		X-ray crystallography indicated that biogenic manganese (hydr)oxide and iron (hydr)oxide were predominantly amorphous or poorly crystalline and their X-ray diffraction patterns were not significantly affected by the presence of the other (hydr)oxide during formation.
		When iron and manganese (hydr)oxides were mixed after formation, or for Mn biologically oxidized with iron(III) (hydr)oxide present, observed Pb adsorption was similar to that expected for the mixture based on Langmuir parameters for the individual (hydr)oxides.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/esthag/2002/36/i03/abs/es010907c.html (342 words)

	Manganese IV oxide
		Men exposed to manganese dusts showed a decrease in fertility.
		A stolid mask-like appearance of the face, emotional disturbances such as uncontrollable laughter and a spastic gait with tendency to fall in walking are findings in more advanced cases.
		High incidence of pneumonia has been found in workers exposed to the dust or fume of some manganese compounds.
	www.camd.lsu.edu /msds/m/manganese(IV)_oxide_99.htm (257 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - Biological role
		Manganese is an essential trace nutrient in all forms of life.
		The classes of enzymes that have manganese cofactors are very broad and include such classes as oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases, lectins, and integrins.
		Manganese toxicity can be a major problem in many ancient acidic soils in tropical climates, usually being countered by the use of lime.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Manganese_-_Biological_role/id/1743973 (364 words)

	John Straub's lecture notes
		A strong bar magnet is used to separate three oxides of manganese by exploiting their varying degrees of paramagnetism.
		To experimentally determine the relative degree of paramagnetism in the three manganese compounds, we segregate the compounds using the strong permanent magnet.
		In each of the manganese compounds the oxygen assumes a -2 oxidation state; in the potassium permanganate, the potassium assumes a +1 oxidation state.
	people.bu.edu /straub/courses/demomaster/manganesemag.html (648 words)

	Manganese: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - Notable characteristics
		Manganese - Notable characteristics: Encyclopedia II - Manganese - Notable characteristics
		The most common oxidation states of manganese are +2, +3, +4, +6 and +7, though oxidation states from +1 to +7 are observed.
		Manganese, Manganese - Notable characteristics, Manganese - Applications, Manganese - History, Manganese - Biological role, Manganese - Occurrence, Manganese - Compounds, Manganese - Isotopes, Manganese - Precautions, Manganese - External l inks
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Manganese_-_Notable_characteristics/id/1743970 (376 words)

	CLRC Normal Template
		Fe-Mn oxides also act as electron sinks so that oxidation-reduction reactions that are kinetically unfavored in aqueous solutions are facilitated at the oxide-water interface.
		Iron and manganese oxides are also involved in various photochemical processes occurring in sunlight.
		If we knew the electronic structures of iron and manganese oxide minerals, we could begin to understand how their surfaces mediate electron-transfer reactions.
	srs.dl.ac.uk /envirosynch/exprep/gp3.4b.htm (1236 words)

	Microbial Reduction of CobaltIIIEDTA- in the Presence and Absence of Manganese(IV) Oxide
		Microbial Reduction of CobaltIIIEDTA- in the Presence and Absence of Manganese(IV) Oxide
		in the presence and absence of reactive manganese(IV) oxides.
		by microorganisms and geochemical oxidation of Co by manganese(IV) oxides are important components of a complex set of coupled microbial and geochemical reactions that may influence the fate and transport of
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/esthag/1998/32/i02/abs/es970516r.html (227 words)

	Welding Rod Litigation - Welding Rod Lawyers - Manganese Information
		A nationally-recognized personal injury law firm, Weitz and Luxenberg is committed to helping clients win cases, get the compensation to which they’re entitled and get on with their lives.
		Exposure to manganese dusts and fumes should not exceed the ceiling value of 5 mg/ml for even short periods because of its toxicity level.
		It is hypothesized that long-term exposure to the natually-occurring manganese in shower water puts up to 8.7 million Americans at risk.
	www.weitzlux.com /weldingrods/manganese_1936.html (592 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : manganese : compound data [manganese (IV) oxide]
		Chemistry : Periodic Table : manganese : compound data [manganese (IV) oxide]
		Chemistry: WebElements Periodic Table: Professional Edition: Manganese: compound data [manganese (IV) oxide]
		For each compound, and where possible, a formal oxidation number for each element is given, but the usefulness of this number is limited, especially so for p-block elements in particular.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/compounds/text/Mn/Mn1O2-1313139.html (319 words)

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