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Topic: Manipuri language

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	Bangladesh Tribal Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The alphabets of the chakma language are similar to the alphabets of thailand's ksmer, annam laos, cambodia, syam and south burma.
		Currently, the khasia language of the cherapunji region is being written in the roman script at the initiative of the christian missionaries of the indian state of meghalaya where it is the medium of instruction up to the high school level.
		The manipuri language began to be written in the bangla script when vaisnavism assumed the form of the state religion during the days of maharaja garib newaz in the 18th century.
	www.plusbangla.com /tribe_2.htm (3333 words)

	Encyclopedia: Assamese language
		The Apabhramsa language was the next modification in the spoken language of North India after Prakrit, in a period broadly lasting from the 5th to the 10th century.
		Assamese phonetics has two distinguishing features vis-Ã -vis the other Indic languages of the Indo-European family: the complete absence of the retroflex sound which is particularly strong in Dravidian languages, and strong in Sanskrit; and the presence of the voiceless velar fricative [1] which is completely absent in the present forms of other Indian languages.
		In oral language, a phoneme is the theoretical basic unit of sound that can be used to distinguish words or morphemes; in sign language, it is a similarly basic unit of hand shape, motion, position, or facial expression.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Assamese-language (3821 words)

	Manipur
		The Manipuri language had evolved from Meiteilon, the native language of the Meiteis which is written in its own script.
		All the tribal dialects as well as the Manipuri language belong to the Tibeto-Burman family of languages, just as all the indigenous ethnic groups in Manipur are of the southern Mongoloid stock racially.
		Of the 18th national languages constitutionally recognized in India, the only language from the Tibeto-Burman family so recognized, though done so under political compulsions of the ongoing liberation struggle, is the Manipuri language.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Congress/7434/manipur.htm (1446 words)

	Bishnupriya Manipuri
		Although Manipur is a polyglot land inhibited by numerous tribes, the Manipuris as known to all, are broadly classified into two distinct races namely the Bishnupriyas and the Meiteis.
		This purana states that conversion of Meiteis in Hinduism by Shri Santidas Babaji in 19th century at the instance of the king Shri Pamhaiba was aimed at linking the with the Aryans, the mainstream of people of Manipur and their language too with Sanskrit.
		It is claimed that the Bishnupriya Manipuris are the Kshatriyas and a fine stalwart race descended form Aryan blood with some admixture of the Mongloid stock.
	www.manipuri.freehomepage.com /people.html (615 words)

	Bishnupriya Manipuri Language: source and origin
		The term "Manipuri" is as much a matter of sentiment, culture and prestige to the Bishnupriyas belonging to an Vedic Aryan race, as the term "Meitei" is to the Meiteis.
		The Bishnupriya Manipuri language though had been driven out of the states court language, retained by the Aryan people in Manipur and which they took shelter in Assam, Tripura, Burma and Bangladesh, in 19th century due to Burmese attack maintains IRS existence today.
		The Bishnupriya Manipuri language is highly influenced by the Sanskrit and Maharastri as well as Sauraseni Prakrits, though some words of the Hindi language of Northern India, some demoting terms of Meitei and Assamese language and a little influence of Benignly language are incorporated in the BPM language.
	www.manipuri.freeservers.com /bpm.html (4051 words)

	Bishnupriya Manipuri Literature
		The language was originally confined to the surroundings of the Lake Loktak in Manipur.
		The Bishnupriya Manipuri language (also known as BPM or BM) is highly influenced by the Sanskrit and Maharastri as well as Sauraseni Prakrits, though some words of the Hindi language of Northern India, some demoting terms of Meitei and Assamese language and a little influence of Benignly language are incorporated in the BM language.
		Bishnupriya Manipuri literature developed a lot within a very short period and it has become possible only due to the sacrifice of the writers, who invites endless sufferings due to economical, social problems and also due to the disturbance from government authorities and other antagonistic forces on the mother language issue of Bishnupriya Manipuris.
	manipuri.htmlplanet.com (461 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Manipuri
		Manipuri, Indian classical dance form from the state of Manipur in north-eastern India.
		While the eary history of Manipuri dance is difficult to...
		Manipuri Language, state language of Manipur in north-east India and also spoken in parts of Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, and West...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Manipuri.html (85 words)

	Manipuri/Meiteilon/Meithei: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Manipuri (also called Meiteilon, Meiteiron, Meetei and Meithei; Meithei in Linguistic literature) is the official language of the state of Manipur, India.
		Although Manipuri native speakers mostly reside in the state of Manipur, there are native speakers in the neighbouring northeastern states of India, notably in Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, and West Bengal.
		The Manipuri population was 6000 in Myanmar in 1931 and 92800 in Bangladesh in 1982 as reported in
	www.arbornet.org /~prava/eeyek/mani_intro.html (669 words)

	Manipur: The Land of Jewels
		According to him the origin of a language is to be inferred not from the history of the people; the origin of a community and the origin of their language do not necessarily go together.
		In plain language, Manipura was on the eastern frontier of India.
		(9) Singha Jagat Mohan and Singha Birendra, The Bishnupriya Manipuris andTheir Language, 1975, pp 5-22
	manipurinfo.tripod.com (6317 words)

	The Bishnupriya Manipuri Language
		Bishnupriya Manipuri Language, a direct descendants of Sanskrit language was mainly spoken in Manipur, the north-eastern state of India.
		This Language is now spoken in parts of Assam, Tripura, Manipur(Jiribam Sub-division) in India,in Bangladesh, in Burma and other overseas countries.
		Manipuri community is comprised of Aryans and Kuki-chin people and thus the people of this community speaks in two distinct languages namely " The Meitei language" and "the Bishnupriya Manipuri language".
	www.manipuri.freeservers.com (445 words)

	Meitei - A kuki-chin group language
		Manipuri is the principal language spoken in the state of Manipur.
		Manipuri language and the Meitei language are one and the same.
		Manipuri literature is written in the dialect of Imphal and its immediate neighbourhood.
	www.iitg.ernet.in /rcilts/languages/meitei.htm (927 words)

	Manipuri Dance: both ritualistic and recreational
		Manipuri dance - as the name suggests, originated in Manipur, the north-eastern state of India - a paradise on earth when the nature has been extra generous in her beauty.
		Manipuri is unique among the classical Indian dances in that the instrumentation is a central part of the dance, rather than as a side accompaniment.
		Manipuri Maharasa, the yearly festival is being observed by the Bangladeshi Manipuris since 1845, during the full-moon-day of the month of October/November in ShivBazar JuraMandap, Madhabpur (A thickly Manipuri populated area of Moulvibazar district).
	manipuri.20m.com (6535 words)

	Languages and Dialects of India
		Language is one of the main seeds of a person’s ethnic identity.
		Though many states were created based on language boundaries, there are other states which weren’t created based on language boundaries and there are many language speaker who don’t have their own state.
		To the north of Goa in the Konkan coast of Maharashtra there is another ‘Konkani’ language which is considered a dialect derived from the Marathi language and is different from Goa’s Konkani language.
	adaniel.tripod.com /Languages1.htm (644 words)

	The Manipuri Page
		Following political intrigue in the eighteenth century, a large number of Manipuri fled their homes and took refuge in greater Sylhet, as well as the Indian states of Assam and Tripura.
		In their adopted land their lives and limbs were safe; but their language and culture began to lose ground against those of the majorette.
		The Bishnupriya Manipuris were caught between a rock and a hard place.
	www.manipuri-info.20m.com (214 words)

	Meithei -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Meithei (also Meitei, Manipuri, Meiteilon) is the predominant language and lingua-franca in the state of (State in northeastern India) Manipur, in northeastern (A republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947) India.
		Meithei has been recognized as the Manipuri language by the Indian Union and has been included in the list of scheduled languages (included in the 8th schedule by the 71st amendment of the constitution in 1992).
		Meithei is taught as a subject upto the Post-graduate level (Ph.D.) in Universities of India, apart from being a medium of instruction upto the undergraduate level in Manipur.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/me/meithei.htm (209 words)

	The Hindu : Opinion / News Analysis : Scripting a solution
		Further, as was the case with the Bodo language and as it is once again with Konkani, the controversy could also be over the choice of a script other than what has been in use for long.
		The language, written for the past two and a half centuries in the Bengali script, was till the mid-18th century written in the ancient indigenous script called Meitei Mayek.
		Newspapers in Manipuri on their own initiative have for long carried some of the news in the ancient script, the more committed of them even writing one editorial in Meitei Mayek.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2005/05/19/stories/2005051904051100.htm (868 words)

	Manipuri alphabet (Meetei Mayek)
		The origins of the Manipuri alphabet, or Meetei Mayek as it is know in Manipuri, are shrouded in mystery as many historical documents were destroyed at the beginning of the 18th century during the reign of King Pamheiba.
		Between 1709 and the middle of the 20th century, the Manipuri language was written with the Bengali alphabet.
		Manipuri, or Meeteilon/Meitei, one of the official languages of the Indian state of Manipur in north-east India and has about 1.6 million speakers.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/manipuri.htm (263 words)

	Language in India
		As a native speaker of Bishnupriya, however, I feel that the people of Bishnupriya Manipuri group are not given their rightful place and recognition among the languages spoken in Manipur, much against the government and census records as well as the research findings of reputed scholars.
		They feel aggrieved that their identity as speakers of a Manipuri language that is quite distinct from Meithei has not been given due consideration when Meithei was taken to be wholly synonymous to Manipuri.
		The term "Manipuri" is as much a matter of sentiment, culture and prestige to the Bishnupriyas, as the term "Meitei" is to the Meiteis.
	www.languageinindia.com /dec2002/bishnupriya.html (2377 words)

	Feature
		Indeed, language assimilation at various interaction levels has been a characteristic feature of a multi-ethnic region that the North-East is. But the advocacy of a single language for homogeneity or cohesiveness classification has been challenged.
		It is not only different languages of a single family but also languages of different families which are spoken in different States of this region as each state in the region is multilingual complex rather than a linguistically homogenous unit.
		The irony is that while Manipuri is not taught in the schools, it is a compulsory subject at higher levels, especially in competitive examinations.
	pib.nic.in /feature/feyr2001/fmay2001/f030520011.html (846 words)

	[No title]
		Chairman, Sir, their non-inclusion in the Eighth Schedule is an irony when Nepali and Manipuri and the languages which have been recognised in the States where they are spoken by the majority of the people.
		By untrue of this provision Manipuri became the language of courts in Manipuri and it also became the language of the Legislature and the medium of instruction upto middle school level.
		As Manipuri is not the language of communication with the Centre, separatist tendencies are raising their heads in this region.
	parliamentofindia.nic.in /ls/lsdeb/ls10/ses3/2124049201.htm (2530 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Manipuri society is the collectivity where the primordial attachments of the ethnic groups had been melted down.
		The Manipuris of the Surma Valley be requested to abandon this racial feeling, and the representations already submitted to their Government be corrected with deletions on the viewpoints of their racial bifurcation and animosity (the translation is of Karam Manimohan Singh, as reproduced in his Hijam Irabot Singh and Political Movements in Manipur, Delhi, 1989:50).
		One may note that the morphology of Bishnupriya language is similar to Bengali; while the structure of their language is deeply influenced by the Meitei grammar.
	www.manipurtoday.com /features/detailfeatureart.asp?FeatID=3 (2609 words)

	Manipuri: An aryan culture under thread
		The language slowly started loosing its ground in Manipur against vast majority of Meiteis and slowly facing its decay in Cachar and Bangladesh against vast majority of Banglalese.This language is still being spoken in jiribam sub-division of Manipur, Cachar district of Assam and in some pockets in Bangladesh and Tripura.
		It is claimed that the Bishnupriya Manipuris are the Ksatriyas and a fine stalwart race descended from Aryan blood with some admixture of the Mongoloid stock.
		Bishnupriya language is certainly not one of the Tibeto Burman languages, but is close to Indo-Aryan group of languages.
	manipuri.iwarp.com (723 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Manipuri are also known as the Meithei, or "different people." Most of them live in the Manipur Valley, which is located in the state of Manipur, northeastern India.
		Today, the Manipuri consider themselves part of the upper caste, and are therefore severely prejudice against the surrounding lower caste tribes.
		The Manipuri are known for their specially designed cloth that is produced on hand-looms.
	www.ksafe.com /profiles/p_code2/138.html (785 words)

	[No title]
		Sindhi language was included in Eighth Schedule of the constitution by passing a bill in the House in 1968.
		So the language issue is also one of the reasons for the present day attack on the federal structure of the country.
		Regional languages must be considered for inclusion in the constitution as they are the mirror of cultural heritage, history and traditions of the region.
	parliamentofindia.nic.in /ls/lsdeb/ls10/ses3/2124049202.htm (2636 words)

	The Manipuris: Chidren Of the Wide Lake
		In the plains beside the lake lived a race of people who had sharp Indo-Aryan features and used a language, which was similar to the Kamrupi tongue rather than the Burmese-Chinese group.
		Indeed, the influence of the Shankar Dev school of Vaishnavismmcan still be seen in Bishnupriya Manipuri culture (GK Ghosh, Tribals and their Culture).
		Manipuris can never be regarded as tribal caste
	manipuri.8k.com (854 words)

	Hindustan Culture
		Languages spoken in the Indian subcontinent are generally classified as belonging to the following families: Indo-European (the Indo-Iranian branch in particular), Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic (Munda in particular), and Sino-Tibetan.
		The Manipuri language of Assam and the Newari language of Nepal are usually classified, along with languages of the Bodo group, as belonging to the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
		Languages used in Pakistan include the Sindhi, Punjabi, and Urdu languages, which belong to the Indo-Aryan group, and Brahui, which is a Dravidian language.
	www.hindustan.org /index/hindustan-culture.htm (341 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Northeast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After reading the reports and the editorial published in The Telegraph on the ongoing agitation in Manipur regarding the change in script of the Manipuri language, I am not at all shocked as such reactions were predicted long before by pundits of our society.
		The eastern and northeastern parts of our country had chosen Bengali as the second language after their native, regional languages because of the credo of unity in diversity.
		Every language is a temple in which the soul of those who speak it is enshrined.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1050414/asp/northeast/story_4608493.asp (899 words)

	The Telegraph - North East (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On Independence Day, nearly 300 Bishnupriya Manipuris gathered at Mundamala field at Patherkandi town in Karimganj district, under the Bishnupriya Manipuri Autonomy Demand Committee.
		In February 2001, the leaders of this four lakh-strong community successfully ended their four-decade long agitation with the Assam government agreeing to introduce the Bishnupriya Manipuri language as the medium of instruction at the primary level.
		The Nikhil Bishnupriya Manipuri Mahasabha, apex body of the Bishnupriyas, is also peeved at the delay in appointment of teachers and selection of textbooks for Class V students learning the language.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1030823/asp/northeast/story_2289633.asp (226 words)

	International Manipuri Association
		Manipuris live in different parts of the world and would love to have
		Manipuris live in different parts of the world and wished to have a
		Manipuris are best recognised by outsiders for their exceptional skills in
	themanipurpage.tripod.com /Misc/IMA.html (684 words)

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