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Topic: Maqta

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	Types of Urdu Poetry
		Ghazal is a collection of couplets (shers or ashaar) which follow the rules of 'matla', 'maqta', 'bahar', 'qafiya' and 'radeef'.
		The presence of maqta is often not considered necessary.
		A self-sufficient quartrain, rhyming (a, a, b, a) and dealing generally with a single idea, which is customarily introduced and developed with the aid of similes in the first three lines, and concluded, with concentrated effort and impact, in the fourth line.
	www.urdupoetry.com /define.html (520 words)

	Leigh describes Ghazals for the Gilded Serpent
		Therefore, the rhyming scheme would be: aa, ba, ca, da, ea, etc. There is also a complex (sometime) requirement of repetition of the entire first line of the first couplet and second line of the first couplet in different places towards the end of the poem.
		The ending couplet, or “maqta,” often contains the name or nom de plume of the poet.
		The last two lines are the maqta, containing the poet’s name, Shahid.
	www.gildedserpent.com /art32/leighGazal.htm (914 words)

	Maqta
		The maqta is the last sher (couplet) of a ghazal, a collection of Urdu poems, in which the poet's takhallus, or pen name, is employed, often in very creative ways.
		A shayar can use the maqta in a variety of interesting ways.
		He can "talk to himself", "to somebody else", "refer to something" etc. For example Firaq Gorakhpuri, whose takhallus is the word for the common theme in Urdu poetry of the state of pining for the beloved, plays on his nome de plume and the word firaq:
	www.clipart.teleactivities.com /poetry/maqta.html (153 words)

	What is a Ghazal?
		I have lots of favourite Sher's which are 'Maqta' of some Ghazal.
		The restriction of 'Maqta' is really very loose.
		But since this is traditional, many Ghazal's do have a 'Maqta' just for the sake of it.
	smriti.com /urdu/ghazal.def.html (1084 words)

	Egypt Locations List - Maqta` Bilays to Markaz Abu Qurqas
		Maqta` Bilays, Ash Sharqiyah, Channel, Long: 32.21389 Lat: 31.17222
		Maqta` Bileis, Ash Sharqiyah, Channel, Long: 32.21389 Lat: 31.17222
		Maqta` Billamint, Ash Sharqiyah, Strait, Long: 32.25 Lat: 31.2
	www.traveljournals.net /explore/egypt/locations/m/16.html (523 words)

	Ghazal
		Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Urdu poetry, today, it has influenced the poetry of many languages.
		A Ghazal in short, is a collection of couplets (called sher) which follow the rules of Matla, Maqta, Beher, Qaafiyaa, Radif, Khayaal and Wazan.
		The Maqta was used historically as a way for the poet to secure credit for his or her work and poets often make elegant use of their thakhallus in the maqta.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/g/gh/ghazal.html (660 words)

	Maqta \| Topic Definition \| Find the Meaning and Define the Answer of Maqta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The maqta is the last Sher of a Ghazal and has the Shayar's 'thakhallus' used in it, often in very creative ways.
		This last Sher of the Ghazal which has the Takhallus of the Shayar is the maqta of the Ghazal.
		He can "talk to himself", "to somebody else", "refer to something" etc. For example Firaq Gorakhpuri has used it very wisely.
	www.thefreeencyclopedia.com /definition/word.aspx?w=Maqta (260 words)

	Ek-Ashiana : Research On Ghazals
		This sher is known as the 'Maqta' of the ghazal.
		To summarize, a ghazal is a collection of shers (independent two-line poems), in which there is atleast one 'Matla', one 'Maqta', all the shers are of same 'Beher' and have the same 'Kaafiyaa' and'Radif'.
		I think 'Maqta' was used in earlier times as a way to keep/acknowledge the credit of penmanship.
	members.fortunecity.com /poojavohra/articles/ghazalarticle.htm (1212 words)

	eBazm's message board: Ek shokh ghazal-nazron ne shokhiaan kee- Hardev "Ashk"
		BTW, is mein maqta aur matla joad dein to fir kya baat hai !
		Mein samjhaa nahin aapka maqta aut matla ko jodne ka sujhav.please zara aur bataayie iske baare mein
		Sachi baat to yeh hai, ki maine is baare kabhi gaur hi nahi kiya ki maqta mein shayar ka naam alag se hona chahiye.mujhe is rvaayaat ka ilm nahi lekin agar hai bhi to hum ise tor dete hain agar aap hamaaar sath dein.
	www.ebazm.com /discus/messages/4/86.html?974319628 (3758 words)

	Ghazal \| RMNDesigns
		A Ghazal, in short, is a collection of couplets (called sher) which follow the rules of Matla, Maqta, Beher, Qaafiyaa, Radif, Khayaal and Wazan.
		The traditional complete ghazal has a matla, a maqta, and three other shers in between.
		The first two shers of a ghazal have the form of a qatha (a specific variation of which is a ruba'ee; most familiar to modern readers from Khayyám's Rubayyat).
	www.rmndesigns.com /node/7 (404 words)

	Dil Dhoondhta Hai: January 2006
		Apart from Qaafiya and Radeef, there are Matla and Maqta.
		Maqta is the usually the last couplet of ghazal, where the poet puts his signature in the sher (couplet) you can find maqta'a in many ghazal where poets name or takhallus appear in the couplet.
		this couplet is maqta as Poet has used his name in the couplet.
	www.inblogs.net /adilm/2006_01_01_archive.html (732 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Ghazal
		The first two shers of a ghazal have the form of a qatha (a specific variation of which is a ruba'ee; most familiar to modern readers from Khayyam's Rubayyat).
		The Maqta was used historically as a way for the poet to secure credit for his or her work and poets often make elegant use of their thakhallus in the maqta.
		However, many modern Ghazals do not have a Maqta or, many Ghazals have a Maqta just for the sake of conforming to the structure or tradition.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=ghazal (675 words)

	Maqta
		The maqta is the last sher (couplet) of a ghazal, a collection of Urdu poems, in which the poet's takhallus, or pen name, is employed, often in very creative ways.
		A shayar can use the maqta in a variety of interesting ways.
		He can "talk to himself", "to somebody else", "refer to something" etc. For example Firaq Gorakhpuri, whose takhallus is the word for the common theme in Urdu poetry of the state of pining for the beloved, plays on his nome de plume and the word firaq:
	www.poetry.craftsart.net /maqta.html (153 words)

	Abstract Jens Gebauer (ID: 152) - Tropentag 2007
		Therefore, a survey was conducted to assess the crop diversity of three mountain oases in the al-Hajar range using a GIS-based field survey and farmer interviews.
		Fruit species diversity and homogeneity of distribution of individual fruit species was highest at Balad Seet and lowest at Maqta as indicated by respective Shannon indices of 1.00 and 0.39 and evenness values of 32% and 16%.
		Furthermore, follow-up visits to Balad Seet, Maqta and Al Jabal al Akhdar will be critical to document the transformation processes in these oases and to determine the pace of genetic erosion.
	www.tropentag.de /abstract.php?code=u2q6IZoK (405 words)

	Агентство "Хабар" (транслит) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Otırısta elіmіzdegі maqta ösіrw іsіne ülken äserі bar maqta tuqımın dayındaytın zawıt qurılısı twralı da aytıldı.
		Danïal Axmetov maqta ösіrwdіñ jäne onı öñdewdіñ zamanawï texnologïyasına köşw üşіn toqıma salasında jumıs іsteytіn belgіlі xalıqaralıq kompanïyalar men brendterdі іske tartw kerek dep sanaydı.
		Toqıma klasterіn damıtwdıñ tağı bіr qırı - maqta önіmderіn onıñ sapasın naşarlatpay tasımaldaw.
	www.khabar.kz /index.cfm?tid=248&PrintID=2282 (205 words)

	Агентство "Хабар" (транслит) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Soñğı jıldarı maqta zïyankesterіnіñ köbeyіp ketwіne şetten arzan şïttіñ äkelіnwі de sebep bolıp otır.
		Ötken jılı 25 mıñ gektar alqapqa maqta şarwaşılığı ğılımï-zerttew ïnstïtwtınıñ şığarğan maqta sorttarı egіlgen.
		Oblısta otandıq sorttı engіzіp, arı qaray jürgіzetіn bolsaq, oblıs boyınşa 100-110 mıñ tonna qosımşa maqta jïnawımızğa bolar edі.
	www.khabar.kz /index.cfm?tid=248&PrintID=15322 (246 words)

	Gujarati Writers' Guild UK - Format of Ghazal
		The words which come before the Radif in the opening Sher must have a rhyme in the second line of all other Shers in the Ghazal.
		This must have the Radif in both its lines and this Radif is then repeated at the end of the second line of all the other Shers in the Ghazal.
		Maqta - this is the last Sher of the Ghazal and usually includes the Penname of the poet.
	www.mahek.co.uk /gwg/format.htm (264 words)

	Khaleej Times Online - Novel $250m bridge coming up in capital
		The extraordinary shape of the asymmetric arches was chosen to symbolise the dune hills in deserts and the wide splays on the Abu Dhabi side form the gate to the island city.
		The design criteria and critical detailed design considerations were described in a presentation WD civil engineers Parviz Djahani and John Dawson, at Roadex 2004 held in Abu Dhabi last week.
		There are already two bridges over the channel, but based on traffic forecast studies, in 1994 the Government of Abu Dhabi decided to construct a third crossing.
	www.khaleejtimes.com /DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/theuae/2004/March/theuae_March515.xml§ion=theuae (531 words)

	Egypt Locations List - Manyal Duwayb wa Minshatuha to Maqta` ash Shaykh Bidayr
		Maqta` al Buqum, Ash Sharqiyah, Channel, Long: 32.14861 Lat: 31.19639
		Maqta` ash Sharib, Ad Daqahliyah, Channel, Long: 31.92083 Lat: 31.34167
		Maqta` ash Shaykh Bidayr, Ad Daqahliyah, Strait, Long: 32.14861 Lat: 31.28194
	www.traveljournals.net /explore/egypt/locations/m/15.html (607 words)

	The Middle Kingdom (2040 B.C.—1782 B.C.) - Theban Mapping Project
		Dynasty 12 began with Mentuhetep IV's former vizier, Amenemhat I, who, for unknown reasons, moved his capital from Thebes to a new (as yet, unidentified) location south of Memphis called Itjtawy.
		During this period, royal cemeteries were located at Lisht, Lahun, Dahshur, and Hawwarat al Maqta', and royal tombs again took the form of pyramids.
		A new religious literature appeared in the First Intermediate Period when the so-called Coffin Texts replaced Pyramid Texts and, as their name implies, were painted on coffins rather than pyramid walls.
	www.thebanmappingproject.com /resources/timeline_4.html (319 words)

	History of Ghazal - Arun's Homepage
		The last couplet of the ghazal is very important, this is called the maqta.
		The maqta is usually a personal statement which may be very different in tone from the rest of the ghazal.
		Today it is becoming more common to leave off the maqta.
	www.angelfire.com /space/arun/ghazal/ghazalHistory.html (979 words)

	Ghazals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The first couplet is called a matla and this determines the rest of the rhyme scheme.
		The last couplet is called a maqta and this is usually different in tone from the rest of the Ghazal.
		The maqta is usually a statement made by the poet that expresses his opinion about the subject of his Ghazal.
	stu.cofc.edu /~aatipnis/ghazals.htm (160 words)

	Gulf Construction - Online Edition - Al Hilal Publishing & Marketing Group
		Work has begun on the long-awaited Third Crossing to connect Abu Dhabi island to the mainland at the northern end of the Maqta Channel.
		With figures released by Abu Dhabi's Traffic Licensing Department, indicating an 84 per cent increase in the number of vehicles on the roads of the UAE capital over the past five years, and the significant increase in inter-Emirates road travel, a third bridge crossing over the Maqta Channel to Abu Dhabi is long overdue.
		Traffic, particularly during the 'rush hours' is often at a virtual standstill 'on and off' the island.
	www.gulfconstructionworldwide.com /bkArticlesF.asp?IssueID=225&Section=971&Article=4903 (758 words)

	Nikhil Chowdhary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The 'taKHallus' appears in the last Sher or 'maqta' of the GHazal.
		The tradition started, IMO, because in the past, this was the only way to claim the credit.
		It can appear in the 'maqta' without having any effect on the meaning of the Sher or a Shayar can use his 'taKHallus' to address himself.
	www.nikhilchowdhary.com /index.php?action=view_article&id=41&module=articlemodule&src=@random42985aab0fbfd (173 words)

	MENAFN - Middle East North Africa . Financial Network News: ABU DHABI - Abu Dhabi city is promised to have another ...
		ABU DHABI - Abu Dhabi city is promised to have another eye-catching and permanent feature of its landscape with the completion of the $250 million Shaikh Zayed Bridge, which is currently under construction.
		The architecturally unique arch bridge, which will be the main gateway to the capital at the mouth of Abu Dhabi, is a novel arch bridge over Maqta Channel, linking the island to the mainland.
		The Maqta channel over which the bridge is being built separates the island of Abu Dhabi City from the Abu Dhabi Mainland.
	www.menafn.com /qn_news_story_s.asp?StoryId=45125 (587 words)

	Gulfnews: New Dh635m link to Abu Dhabi
		The bridge, which is expected to be ready in early 2007, will be the third connecting Abu Dhabi island with the mainland, the other two being the Maqta and Mussafah bridges.
		The striking bridge symbolises the dunes of the desert and it will cross the Maqta channel.
		The UAE's infrastructure development is a model not only at the regional level but also at the global level, thanks to the full support of the UAE President, said Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Chief of Staff of the UAE Armed Forces.
	archive.gulfnews.com /articles/04/03/15/113956.html (598 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Dubai's power struggle in energy
		Sharjah, traditionally the emirate's largest supplier, is delivering an estimated 220 mm-250 mm cfpd ETH about half the volume it was supplying in the mid-1990s.
		Up to four international companies are expected to submit commercial bids by the end of this month for the front-end engineering and design (FEED) contract on the scheme.
		Construction work on the estimated $ 15 mm-20 mm project ETH for completion byearly 2003 at the latest ETH will cover the installation of a compressor unit at Habshan in onshore Abu Dhabi, booster units at Maqta and modifications to the existing Jebel Ali gas recovery station.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/ntm15149.htm (1030 words)

	Al Maqta Dating
		Whether you are looking for singles for long term relationships, friendship, girlfriend, boyfriend, men, women, guys, girls, lover or even pen pals for friendship, Mate4All.com's has it all.
		Mate4All.com is a FREE online Al Maqta dating service for singles looking for their partners.
		If you are looking for a wife, girlfriend or husband for a happy marriage, mature ladies, older men, then create a free profile today.
	www.mate4all.com /dating-ae-almaqta.htm (182 words)

	Wild Poetry Forum: Info on the Ghazal
		The restriction of Maqta has become rather loose in modern times.
		The Maqta was used historically as a way for the poet to secure credit for his or her work and poets often make elegant use of their takhallus in the maqta.
		However, many modern Ghazals do not have a Maqta or, many Ghazals have a Maqta just for the sake of conforming to the structure or tradition.
	www.wildpoetryforum.com /discus/messages/33334/39698.html?1152558535 (1466 words)

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