
	Where results make sense

Topic: Marca Hispanica

Related Topics

History of Andorra

Spanish language

Castilla

Catalonia

Urgell

Frankish

Reconquista

History of San Marino

History of Spain

Navarre

Charlemagne

Moors

Iberia

El Cid

Berber

	Marca Hispanica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Marca Hispanica (Hispanic Mark or March) was a buffer zone beyond the province of Septimania, created by Charlemagne in 795 as a defensive barrier between the Umayyad Moors of Al-Andalus and the Frankish Kingdom.
		In its broader meaning, Marca Hispanica refers to a group of early Iberian lordships or counts created by the Franks, of which Andorra is the sole autonomous survivor.
		The Marca Hispanica developed as the result of three generations of fighting by the Franks and Muslims (Moors) in the Iberian Peninsula.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Marca_Hispanica (1339 words)

	Pierre de Marca
		Sent as intendant to Catalonia, which had submitted to France (1644), he wrote its history, under the title of "Marca Hispanica"; this work was published after his death by his secretary, the léarned Baluze.
		In opposition to the pope and clergy who were offended by this violation of ecclesiastical immunities, Marca became the king's counsellor, and wrote several pamphlets some of them anonymous, defending the Crown.
		BALUZE, Vita illustrissimi viri Petri de Marca archiepascopi Parisiensis, at the beginning of the editions of Concordia after 1663; DE FAGET, Vita illustrissimi et reverendissimi Petri de Marca in Petri de Marca dissertationes posthumae; DUBARAT, Notice biographique sur Pierre de Marca (Pau, 1896).
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/m/marca,pierre_de.html (548 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pierre de Marca
		Shortly after his return from Catalonia, Marca was made Archbishop of Toulouse (28 May, 1652), and when Innocent X condemned Jansenism in 1653, he used his influence to have the condemnation accepted.
		After that he inspired the chief measures taken against this heresy in the general assemblies of the clergy (1655-60) and received from Pope Alexander VII (1656) a highly commendatory letter.
		Less commendable, however, was his attitude when Louis XIV caused the arrest of Cardinal de Retz, Archbishop of Paris, for his share in the uprising of the Fronde.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09637b.htm (558 words)

	Etienne Baluze - LoveToKnow 1911
		As secretary to Pierre de Marca, archbishop of Toulouse, he won the appreciation of that learned prelate to such a degree that at his death Marca left him all his papers.
		Thus it came about that Baluze produced the first complete edition of Marca's treatise De libertatibus Ecclesiae Gallicanae (1663), and brought out his Marca hispanica (1688 f.).
		About 1667 Baluze entered Colbert's service, and until 1700 was in charge of the invaluable library belonging to that minister and to his son the marquis de Seignelai.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Etienne_Baluze (739 words)

	Catalogne-nord.com - 1000 years of history
		The Marca Hispanica and other parts of the Pyrénées were to anticipate a push by the Arabs like that of 711 AD.
		The homogenous nature of the region enticed the Emperor Louis le Pieux, Charlemagne’s successor, to establish a structure of five counties, prefiguring the future Catalonia.
		In the spirit of the time the Count of Barcelona declined the guardianship of the Carolingienne’s Marca hispanica and took his independence from the successor, King Hugues Capet in 988 AD.
	www.catalunya-nord.com /ang/1000yearsofhistory2.htm (392 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Etienne Baluze
		A Jesuit, Father Frizon, had just published a book, "Gallia purpurata", containing the lives of the French cardinals, which met with great success until Baluze gave out (1652) his "Anti-Frizonius" in which he pointed out and corrected many errors made by Father Frizon.
		In 1654, Pierre de Marca, Archbishop of Toulouse, one of the greatest French scholars in the seventeenth century, appointed Baluze his secretary.
		This work made him known to Colbert, who appointed him his librarian, a position he held for thirty years, many years, that is, after Colbert's death.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02242a.htm (884 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This same form of land settlement was carried into the marca hispanica by the hipani who accompanied the Carolingian invaders back into the Peninsula.
		Thus from the pockets of native noble power along the Pyrenees and among the scattered peasant communities in the isolated uplands, a new society was crystallizing [7] which from 844 even the Carolingian Emperor was forced to recognize.
		The chief agent of this conflict was an important Visigothic family of Urgel and Carcassonne, certain of whose members from the ninth century had acted as Carolingian delegated rulers in a number of counties of the Spanish March, including Barcelona, Ausona, and Gerona.
	libro.uca.edu /usatges/intro.htm (6020 words)

	What do you know about the Spanish and Catalonians? \| Antimoon Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Although, it wasn't the French who were stationed in Marca Hispanica, but the Franks.
		In 778 the Franks conquered a narrow strip southward of the Pyrenees that included Barcelona, and established the Marca Hispanica (Spanish mark) as a buffer state against the Muslims.
		In 778 the Franks of Charlemagne conquered a narrow strip southward of the Pyrenees with Barcelona and established there the so called Marca Hispanica (Spanish mark) as a buffer state against the muslims.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/posts/6539.htm (767 words)

	Etienne Baluze Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Born in Tulle, he was educated at his native town and took minor orders.
		As secretary to Pierre de Marca, archbishop of Toulouse, he won the appreciation of him, and at his death Marca left him all his papers.
		Baluze produced the first complete edition of Marca’s treatise De libertatibus Ecclesiae Gallicanae (1663), and brought out his Marca hispanica (1688).
	www.biographybase.com /biography/Baluze_Etienne.html (487 words)

	Useful information of Spain \| History of Spain
		The few Spaniards settled in the North-western angle of the Peninsula did not manage to be against to the invasion, after which they undertook a war of reconquer that extended for more than seven centuries.
		By the 9th century the Christian kingdoms of Aragon, Leon and Navarre and the Marca Hispanica or Catalonia had acquired importance and the dismemberment of the caliphate of Cordoba accelerated the work of the Reconquer.
		This was completed by the Catholic Kings, whose marriage in 1469 prepared the union of Aragón and Castile and that in 1492, when expelling the Muslims from Granada, made the national unit.
	www.sprachcaffe-spanien.com /ingles/hist.html (977 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - Andorra
		At that time areas bordering Spain were given the title Marca Hispanica and were treated as buffer zones to prevent the Moors from progressing too far into France.
		Andorra is the last of the Marca Hispanica states to be independent.
		Charlemagne's grandson, Charles the Bald, placed the country in the hands of the Count of Urgell in Catalonia, who ran it as a princedom.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/collective/A3176228 (1592 words)

	Past & Present
		The Moors invaded in the eighth century; and in 801, in what was to be a decisive moment in Catalonia's and Barcelona's history, the Franks under Charlemagne captured the city and made it a buffer zone at the edge of Al Andalus, the Moors' empire on the Iberian peninsula.
		Moorish rule extended to the Garraf massif just south of Barcelona, while Catalonia became the Marca Hispanica (Spanish March or "edge") of the Frankish empire.
		Over the next two centuries the Catalonian counties, ruled by counts originally appointed by the Franks, gained increasing autonomy until 985, when the Franks failed to protect them against a Moorish attack.
	www.nytimes.com /fodors/fdrs_feat_23_2.html (1031 words)

	Catalonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The 7th century saw the Islamic conquest of Spain, and the area soon fell under Muslim rule.
		Charlemagne established the 'Marca Hispanica' (Spanish March) in the early 9th century, which, centered at Barcelona, and became the nucleus of the Catalan state.
		United with Aragon, another Christian kingdom clinging to the Pyrennes, in 1137, Catalonia, although technically the junior partner (Aragon ranks as a kingdom, and Catalonia only as a county), became the dominant partner.
	www.hyw.com /hywdocs/fiefs/CATALONI.HTM (324 words)

	MARCA HISPANICA Articles from AMAZINES.COM - The Article Database and EZine Publishers Database
		The Marca Hispanica (Spanish Mark or March) was a buffer zone beyond the province of Septimania, first set up by Charlemagne in 795 as a defensive barrier to keep the Muslim Moors out of the Frankish Kingdom.
		Aprisio grants (the first ones were in Septimania) emanated directly from the Carolingian king, so that they reinforced central loyalties, to counterbalance the local power exercised by powerful marcher counts.
		Showing 1 to 25 of 0 Articles matching 'Marca Hispanica' in related articles.
	www.amazines.com /Marca_Hispanica_related.html (685 words)

	Andorra-La-Vella
		The site of Andorra la Vella (literally, "Andorra the Old") has been settled since prior to the Christian era - notably by the Andosin tribe from the late Neolithic.
		The state is one of the Marca Hispanica created and protected by Charlemagne in the Eighth Century as a buffer from the Moorish settlers in the Iberian Peninsula [4].
		The settlement has been the principal city of Andorra since 1278 when the French and the Episcopal co-princes agreed to joint suzerainty.
	www.globalguide.org /index.html?id=103495 (935 words)

	mylife.htm
		I became active in the university chapter of Sigma Delta Pi (the national Hispanic honor society), serving as its president from 1993 to 1994.
		I twice published articles in La marca hispánica (a graduate academic journal).
		By 1995, I had married an English literature student and was accepted into a doctorate program at Johns Hopkins University.
	www.nevada.edu /~taylorr/mylife.htm (1289 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)