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| | Classics in Psychology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) |
 | | In analyzing criteria for the attribution of mind to animals, Washburn first considered and then rejected behavioral response to stimulation, presence of approach/avoidance behavior, behavioral adaptation to a goal, and mere variability of behavior. |
 | | In this review, which took up the majority of her book, Washburn successively examined data suggesting the presence/absence of sensory discrimination, spatial perception, visual imagery, the modification of conscious processes by individual experience, and ideas in animals at different levels of the phylogenetic scale. |
 | | This was a view that Washburn never abandoned, even in the later editions of her text and despite the advent of behaviorism. |
| www.thoemmes.com /psych/washburn.htm (1203 words) |
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