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Topic: Maria Theresa

	Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria
		Maria Theresa (1717-1780), archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress, and queen of Hungary and Bohemia, began her rule in 1740.
		Maria Theresa was determined not to surrender to her enemies, but to reconquer all of her lands.
		Maria Theresa strengthened the army by doubling the number of troops from her father's reign, reorganized the tax structure to insure a predictable annual income to support the costs of the government and army, and centralized an office to assist in the collection of the taxes.
	departments.kings.edu /womens_history/mariatheres.html (0 words)

	MARIA THERESA
		In the years after the war Maria Theresa accomplished sweeping internal reforms that strengthened her central administration and revitalized the army.
		Maria Theresa died on Nov. 29, 1780, in Vienna.
		Pious and faithful but unfriendly toward the Enlightenment, Maria Theresa believed that she held a trust from God, and she had a maternalistic conception of her responsibilities.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=215803 (0 words)

	Maria Theresa of Austria Summary
		Maria Theresa (1717-1780) was Holy Roman empress from 1740 to 1780.
		Her Royal Highness Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, Princess Royal of Hungary and Bohemia was the eldest daughter of Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Charles VI, whose sole male heir - his son Leopold Johann - died as an infant in 1716.
		Maria Theresa was married to Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine.
	www.bookrags.com /Maria_Theresa_of_Austria (0 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Tales of a Thaler
		Maria Theresa's thaler coin had its origins in the 16th century as well, when the first Habsburg thalers were minted in an empire that then included Central Europe, the Low Countries and Spain with its American dominions.
		Maria Theresa entered into the Habsburg inheritance in 1740 on the death of her father, Emperor Charles VI.
		The Maria Theresa thaler was similarly enmeshed in political intrigue, hoarded in subterranean chambers and used by European governments in the purchase and rental of such strategic Arabian Sea and Red Sea ports as Aden and Massawa.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/200301/tales.of.a.thaler.htm (0 words)

	Marie Antoinette and the French Revolution . Famous Faces . The Iron Fist: Maria Theresa \| PBS
		Maria Theresa was born in Vienna on May 13, 1717.
		When her only brother died, Maria Theresa became heir to the throne of Austria and Hungary, thanks to the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 that made it possible for a daughter to inherit the throne if there were no sons.
		Maria Theresa was one of the most powerful rulers of her time, and was as stern with her children as she was with her nation.
	www.pbs.org /marieantoinette/faces/maria.html (0 words)

	Maria Theresa
		Maria Theresa (1717-80), archduchess of Austria and queen of Hungary and Bohemia (1740-80), who strengthened and unified the Austrian monarchy in the 18th century.
		Born in Vienna on May 13, 1717, she was the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI.
		Succession and Rule Charles VI's efforts to guarantee Maria Theresa's succession as ruler of the Habsburg dominions led to the War of the Austrian Succession (see Austrian Succession, War of the).
	www.distinguishedwomen.com /biographies/maria-th.html (363 words)

	Axis History Factbook: 22. SS-Freiwilligen-Kavallerie-Division Maria Theresa
		SS-Freiwilligen-Kavallerie-Division Maria Theresa was formed May 1944 in the area around Kisber, Hungary, with SS-Kavallerie Regiment 17 (from Florian Geyer) as nucleus.
		Sep 1944 a kampfgruppe from Maria Theresa consisting of SS-Kavallerie-Regiment 52 along with supporting troops, commanded by SS-Hauptsturmführer Toni Ameiser and entitled SS-Kampfgruppe Ameiser was sent to Romania.
		The symbol of this division was a cornflower, adopted as it was the favourite flower of the Austro-Hungarian Empress Maria Theresia.
	www.axishistory.com /index.php?id=1926 (0 words)

	CHANDELIERS \| CRYSTAL CHANDELIERS \| HOME LIGHTING FIXTURE \| OUTDOOR LIGHTING \| LIGHTING FIXTURES \| GoldenAgeUSA
		Maria Theresa Chandeliers with swarovski and lead crystals.
		James R. Moder Crystal chandeliers and Grand Maria Theresa Chandelier by James Moder available here.
		We offer a wide range of table lamps, maria theresa chandelier, french chandeliers and lamps along with wide range of wall sconce styles in many different price ranges.
	www.goldenageusa.com (651 words)

	Maria Theresa
		Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and wife of the Holy Roman emperor Francis I was born at Vienna on the 13th of May 1717.
		From the date of her father's death on the 20th of October 1740, until her own death in 1780, Maria Theresa was one of the central figures in the wars and politics of Europe.
		In her private life Maria Theresa was equally the servant of the state snd the sovereign of all about her.
	www.nndb.com /people/157/000085899 (1088 words)

	Maria Theresa - LoveToKnow 1911
		MARIA THERESA (1 717-1780), archduchess of Austria, queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and wife of the Holy Roman emperor Francis was born at Vienna on the 13th of May 1717.
		From the date of her father's death on the 20th of October 1740, till her own death in 1780, Maria Theresa was one of the central figures in the wars and politics of Europe.
		In her private life Maria Theresa was equally the servant of the state and the sovereign of all about her.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Maria_Theresa (1098 words)

	Maria Theresa of Austria
		Maria Theresa (German: Maria Theresia) (May 13, 1717 - 1780) was a Habsburg and Holy Roman Empress, Archduchess of Austria and the Queen of Hungary and Bohemia from 1740 to 1780.
		At the time, Maria Theresa was married to Francis Stephen of Lorraine with whom she had sixteen children, the youngest daughter of the sixteen was Marie Antoinette who would be promised in marriage to Louis, the Dauphin of France who would become King Louis XVI.
		Maria Theresa's fame has been considerably extended by the Maria Theresa Thaler coin, which has been used in world trade continuously since it was first minted in 1782.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Maria_Theresa_of_Austria.html (749 words)

	Maria Theresa
		Maria Theresa was born on 13 May, 1717, the daughter of the German Emperor Charles VI (1711-1740) and his wife Elizabeth von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.
		Maria Theresa was the first to recover her self-possession and to appreciate the problems before her.
		Maria Theresa was, however, as convinced of her rights as she was determined to enforce them by action.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/m/maria_theresa.html (3424 words)

	Maria Theresa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The chief European powers had subscribed to the Pragmatic Sanction in Charles’s lifetime, but when Maria Theresa acceded she was immediately confronted with a European coalition against her, and Frederick II of Prussia brazenly seized Silesia.
		In the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–48), Maria Theresa lost most of Silesia to Prussia but secured (1745) in exchange the imperial election for her husband.
		Her husband was given a share in governing her hereditary lands, but the actual government was in the hands of Maria Theresa, assisted by her able chancellor, Kaunitz.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ma/MariaThe.html (424 words)

	Maria Theresa - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Maria Theresa, 1717-80, Austrian archduchess, queen of Bohemia and Hungary (1740-80), consort of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and dowager empress after the accession (1765) of her son, Joseph II.
		The chief European powers had subscribed to the Pragmatic Sanction in Charles's lifetime, but when Maria Theresa acceded she was immediately confronted with a European coalition against her, and Frederick II of Prussia brazenly seized Silesia.
		Her husband was given a share in governing her hereditary lands, but the actual government was in the hands of Maria Theresa, assisted by her able chancellor, Kaunitz.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-MariaThe.html (667 words)

	Wikinfo \| Maria Theresa of Austria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Maria Theresa (May 13, 1717 - November 29, 1780) was a Habsburg by birth and became Holy Roman Empress, Archduchess of Austria, and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia from 1740 to 1780.
		Maria has been called an "enlightened monarch", but this status is under debate, primarily due to her strong Catholic piety.
		At the time, Maria Theresa was married to Francis Stephen of Lorraine with whom she had sixteen children.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Maria_Theresa_of_Austria (732 words)

	Our Patron Saint- Maria Theresa Goretti
		Maria Goretti was a young peasant girl born in Palliano Italy on October 16, 1890.
		Maria’s whimpering awakened her baby sister who crying then awakened Alessandro’s father who was napping on the first floor.
		As Maria’s story became known, it captured the hearts of the Italian people and devotion to her quickly grew with several miracles attributed to her.
	www.smgcv.citymax.com /page/page/602565.htm (506 words)

	Maria Theresa
		One of Maria Theresa's daughters, Maria Josepha (who by coincidence had the same name as Joseph's wife), visited the tomb of the dead Maria Josepha at the orders of Maria Theresa to show at least a sign of mourning, though the family was glad to have the spinster woman off their backs.
		Maria Christina, Maria Theresa's third child, married Albert of Saxe-Teschen Stattsholder of the Netherlands to strengthen Austrian ties with the Netherlands and Belgium.
		An error that Maria Theresa made in the upbringing of her many children is that most of the brides she raised were in no war prepared for their roles.
	royalwomen.tripod.com /id18.html (1288 words)

	Maria Theresa - Search.com
		Maria Theresa was the oldest daughter of Emperor Charles VI, who promulgated the Pragmatic Sanction to allow her to succeed to the Habsburg monarchy,...
		Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia (Vienna, May 13 1717 November 29 1780 in Vienna) was the first and only ruling monarch of the Habsburg dynasty's Central European...
		Maria Theresa of Spain (French: Marie Thérèse) (September 10, 1638 July 30, 1683), queen consort of France as wife of Louis XIV of France, was born at the Escorial as the daughter of Philip IV of...
	www.search.com /search?q=Maria+Theresa&tag=se.sr-1-118.rel.c.10.10.10.3.6 (412 words)

	maria theresa
		Maria Theresa was born in 1717, the daughter of the German Emperor Charles VI and his wife Elizabeth.
		In 1740 her father died unexpectedly at the age of 56, and Maria Theresa came into possession of the territories of Austria without having any political training.
		Theresa had to fight a few wars to maintain the borders of her empire.
	www.otto-graph.com /samples/4/mariatheresa.html (823 words)

	Maria Theresa Thaler
		Maria Theresa, the daughter of Charles VI, the last Hapsburg ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, was born in 1718.
		Though dated 1780 the Maria Theresa thaler was first minted in 1782 in Gunzberg, Germany, in what was then part of the Austrian Empire.
		The Ethiopians were just used to the Maria Therese and would only accept it--or they would accept the others at a significant discount to the Maria Theresa value.
	www.geocities.com /funboywrk/maria_theresa_thaler.htm (724 words)

	Ancestors and Family of Maria Theresa Habsburg
		Maria Theresa's father, Emperor Charles VI, was the last of the direct male line of the Austrian Hapsburgs.
		Maria Theresa had been on the throne only two months when Frederick marched his army southward into Silesia, the fertile valley of the Oder River that stretched southeastward from his own Brandenburg.
		Maria Theresa won recognition of the principle of the Pragmatic Sanction, and in 1745 the powers approved the election of her husband as Holy Roman emperor with the title of Francis I. Maria Theresa's pride and her devout Roman Catholicism made her determined to recover her lost province from Protestant Prussia.
	nygaard.howards.net /files/4/4009.htm (699 words)

	Learn Essays about Maria Theresa
		Archduchess Maria Theresa was the first female Hapsburg ruler and she lived up to her illustrious family name by holding her own on the international court and by improving the empire that she inherited.
		Maria Theresa was born to Emperor Charles VI of Austria in 1717 at Hofburg in Vienna, Austria (Crankshaw: 17, Dark: 237).
		In 1740 Emperor Charles VI died and Maria Theresa became the Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, Duchess of Milan and Statthalter of the Netherlands at the age of 23 (Crankshaw: 5).
	www.learnessays.com /show_essay/132534.html (223 words)

	Austria THE REFORMS OF MARIA THERESA AND JOSEPH II - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, ...
		The Counter-Reformation's political and religious goals had largely been accomplished by the time Maria Theresa came to the throne, but maintaining Austria's great-power status urgently required broad internal reform and restructuring to strengthen the central authority of the monarchy and curtail the power of the nobility.
		Maria Theresa began administrative and economic reforms in 1749, drawing on mercantilist theory and examples provided by Prussian and French reforms.
		Maria Theresa was a pious Catholic empress working within the structure of a paternalistic, baroque absolutism and was unsympathetic to the Enlightenment.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/austria/austria_history_the_reforms_of_maria_theresa_and_joseph_ii.html (498 words)

	Maria Theresa, (1717-1780) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As early as 1713, four years before Maria Theresa was born, Charles was pressuring other royal families in Europe to support his Pragmatic Sanction, a treaty which set aside the Salic Law and allowed a female child of his to inherit his lands should he die without a male child but with a female child.
		Maria Theresa's right to rule was accepted by other European great powers and she gained her crowns with her lands essentially intact.
		The reforms of Maria Theresa and Joseph II strengthened the Austrian monarcy enough to allow it to withstand the turmoil in the aftermath of the French Revolution and the Napoleanic era.
	www.pinn.net /~sunshine/whm2001/maria.html (1583 words)

	Crystal Chandeliers Lighting Fixtures - Maria Theresa Chandeliers - Crystal Chandelier
		Maria Theresa was a very famous Austrian Empress who reigned during the mid-seventeen hundreds when the Baroque designs were very much in vogue.
		A Maria Theresa chandelier and wall sconce appear to be made entirely of glass, but actually has a sturdy steel frame.
		The Classic Maria Theresa chandelier frame-work, fashioned by Italian artisans who have brought down the tradition from their Austrian and Czech ancestors, is then trimmed with a variety of different shapes of pendants and chains of octagons.
	crystal-chandeliers.xon.us /article.php?story=20040801133224203 (312 words)

	Maria Theresa: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		The Empress Maria Theresa inherited the Habsburg throne...
		MARIA THERESA m re t ra z, 1717 80, Austrian...Sanction in Charless lifetime, but when Maria Theresa acceded she was immediately confronted...the Austrian Succession (1740 48), Maria Theresa lost most of Silesia to Prussia but secured...
		Joseph was impatient with the slowness of Maria Theresas reforms and on her death he was ready with a full...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101257461 (1836 words)

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