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	Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Marie Louise (December 12, 1791 - December 17, 1847), the second wife of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress of the French, also became the sovereign Duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla.
		Marie Louise acted as regent from 1812 to 1813 during her husband's absence in the Russian campaign.
		Marie Louise died on December 17, 1847 in Parma.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Archduchess_Marie_Louise_of_Austria (520 words)

	MARIE LOUISE - LoveToKnow Article on MARIE LOUISE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		At the Congress of Vienna the Powers awarded to her and her son the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla, in conformity with the terms of the treaty of Fontainebleau (March, 1814); in spite of the determined opposition of Louis XVIII.
		Her rule in Parma, conjointly with Neipperg, was characterized by a clemency and moderation which were lacking in the other Italian states in that time of reaction.
		During the popular movements of 1831 Marie Louise had to take refuge with the Austrian garrison at Piacenza; on the restoration of her rule by the Austrians its character deteriorated, Parma becoming an outwork of the Austrian empire.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MA/MARIE_LOUISE.htm (947 words)

	Esplorando l'Italia - Features - Parma
		Parma is also known for its perfume stores and it will be difficult to by-pass the purchase of a small bottle of Violette di Parma, a lavender perfume still manufactured to honour Marie-Louise.
		The Duchess was so notoriously fond of Parma violets they became the symbol of her rule and she often signed official documents with the flower next to her name.
		Parma is not well known for its nightlife, because the locals tend to prefer long sessions in the many excellent restaurants, or head for the theatre or opera.
	www.esplorandolitalia.com /features/parma.html (1760 words)

	INDEX
		Alice Maud Mary of Duchess of Saxony (1843-1878)
		Princess Mary Adelaide (Dolly) of Duchess of Teck (1833-1897)
		Louise Marie Josephine of Countess of Provence (1756-1810)
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/fowndx.htm (1053 words)

	Marie Louise: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		1791â“1847, empress of the French (1810â“15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816â“47), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (later Emperor of Austria as Francis I.) She was married (1810) to Napoleon I and was the mother of Napoleon II.
		MARIE LOUISE THE ISLAND OF ELBA, AND THE HUNDRED...I. Marie Louise and the Invasion of 1814
		MARIE LOUISE 1791 1847, empress of the French (1810 15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101257481 (1713 words)

	Search Results for "Marie Louise" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Extremely unpopular, she was killed by a mob during the French Revolution in the September massacres (1792), and her head was displayed...
		Marie Louise, 1791-1847, empress of the French (1810-15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816-47), daughter of Holy Roman...
		...Napoleon II, 1811-32, son of Napoleon I and Marie Louise, known as the king of Rome (1811-14), as the prince of Parma (1814-18), and after that as the duke of Reichstadt....
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/65search?query=Marie+Louise (302 words)

	English
		It is almost impossible not to encounter the flavour of the Parmesan table, as Parma is the city where the palate can savour the old and famed tradition of an excellent cuisine.
		Parma’s deep involvement with food culture can also be confirmed by the presence of many large food industries known all over the world, together with small, esteemed producers.
		Marie Louise, duchess of Parma, widow of Napoleon I, was greatly interested and charged a medical commission to analize and closely examine the properties of the waters and classifie the pathologies that could be treated.
	www.hotelducale.it /htm/english.htm (1033 words)

	Women and men in Parma - Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		She arrived in the Dukedom on 19 April 1816 by crossing the border on the Po river to meet with the representatives of the new State.
		he spent her first night in Parma at the Colorno Palace, and the recollection of that night should have been so dear to her as to make her assume the title of "Countess of Colorno" whenever she wanted to preserve her incognito.
		he Duchess died on 17 December 1847 and she was buried, on her wish, in Viennain the Capuccini's crypt where even today her "subjects" still bring her the sweet-smelling violets she loved so much and to which she has linked her name.
	www.parmaitaly.com /protagonistik.html (223 words)

	Marie-Louise of Austria
		Marie Louise remained empress of the French but she also became duchess of Parma, Plaisance, and Guastalla.
		The Duchess died on 17 December 1847 and she was buried, on her wish, in Vienna in the Capuccini's crypt where even today her "subjects" still bring her the sweet-smelling violets she loved so much and to which she has linked her name.
		She spent her first night in Parma at the Colorno Palace, and the recollection of that night should have been so dear to her as to make her assume the title of "Countess of Colorno" whenever she wanted to preserve her incognito.
	www.fortunecity.com /victorian/riley/787/Napoleon/France/Napoleon/MarieLouise.htm (939 words)

	Search Results for "Louise"
		Louise, (lwez´) (KEY), 1776-1810, queen of Prussia, consort of Frederick William III; a princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
		She spent much of her life in New York City and was for many years poetry...
		Louise, Lake, 11/2 mi (2.4 km) long, alt.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col65&query=Louise (257 words)

	Biblioteca Palatina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Palatina is the most important library in town; while preserving a rich rare book collection, it is particularly oriented towards the activities of the university of Parma and to the needs of the students.
		A second boost came in the 19th century during the reign of Napoleon’s wife Marie-Louise, duchess of Parma, when the director Angelo Pezzana enriched the library with acquisitions of exceptional value.
		Another room was built and decorated under the reign of the duchess Marie-Louise, commemorated in an impressive statue by Canova.
	www.cerl.org /Itinerary/Emilia-Romagna/biblioteca_palatina.htm (534 words)

	Famous Affinities of History - Volume II By Lyndon Orr-Chapter 8
		Marie Louise had been brought up, as all German girls of rank were then brought up, in quiet simplicity and utter innocence.
		Marie Louise listened to all this, and, like the obedient German girl she was, yielded her own will.
		She was made Duchess of Parma in Italy, and set out for her new possessions; and the man with the fl band across his sightless eye was chosen to be her escort and companion.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/affinity2/chapter8.html (5771 words)

	Marie Louise
		Marie Louise, 1791–1847, empress of the French (1810–15) as consort of
		and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816–47), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (later Emperor of Austria as Francis I.) She was married (1810) to Napoleon I and was the mother of
		Meryl Streep - Meryl Streep (Mary Louise Streep) actress Born: 6/22/1949 Birthplace: Summit, New Jersey Academy...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0831834.html (207 words)

	Italy
		The Duchy of Parma was detached by the Emperor Charles V from Milan to be added to the Papal States, but Pope Paul III (1534-1549), Paolo Farnese, used it for his illegitimate son, Pier Luigi, instead.
		The tenure of the Farnese family in Parma continued until the hieress, Elizabeth Farnese, married King Philip V of Spain.
		In 1814, the Congress of Vienna gave Parma to the widow of Napoleon, Marie Louise of Austria, who, we might think, really had something coming for having endured the marriage to Napoleon: When he asked her to join him on Elba, or return to France during the 100 days, she declined.
	www.friesian.com /italia.htm (10172 words)

	Austrian Royal Family
		Marie Louise was Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastallagiven from 1815 until her death having been given these as financial support as her husband Napoléon I was exiled in St Helena.
		Following Marie Louise's death the Duchy passed to Carlos II (Duke of Lucca) whose grandfather Ferdinand had been Duke of Parma before it was overrun by France in 1796
		Duchess Elizabeth was assassinated in Geneva by an Italian anarchist, Luigi Lucheni, who stabbed her with a shoemaker's file (some sources mentions it was a knife).
	www.btinternet.com /~allan_raymond/Austrian_Royal_Family.htm (1296 words)

	Catalogue English (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The human and political experiences of Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria and wife of Napoleon Bonaparte.
		Colorno, the Versailles of the Dukes of Parma
		A trip to the little town once the summer seat of Marie Louise, and, earlier still, of the Farnese and the Bourbons.
	www.officinema.com /catalogue_eng.html (117 words)

	Document Signed ("Maria Louisa") as Duchess of Parma, granting a pension to the widowed Anna von Collin and an annual ...
		Document Signed ("Maria Louisa") as Duchess of Parma, granting a pension to the widowed Anna von Collin and an annual contribution to the education of her daughter.
		Empress of the French; second wife of Napoleon I. Document Signed ("Maria Louisa") as Duchess of Parma, granting a pension to the widowed Anna von Collin and an annual contribution to the education of her daughter.
		After the fall of Napoleon Marie Louise had been granted the Italian Duchies of Parma, Piacenza asnd Guastalla, which she ruled with unexpected ability and clemency.
	www.maggs.com /title/AU3868.asp (266 words)

	webGED: The Bement Family Data Page
		Mary Jane is buried at Manzanola, Otero County, CO. Charles and his second wife are buried there, also.
		Mary Jane and her son, Charles, moved to Elida, Roosevelt County, NM Territory in the 1890s and homesteaded, then moved to Tonkawa, Kay County, OK Territory and lived here in the early 1900s.
		One of the family heirlooms is a set of coin silver teaspoons with Mary Jane's name engraved, and 2 coin silver serving spoons with Frances Emelia's name engraved on them that are in the possession of Terry and Carla White in Oklahoma.
	www.bementfamily.com /webged/bement.wbg/wga43.html (2009 words)

	The Parma Psalter Psalms Finn's Fine Books Facsimile Book Catalogue
		The Parma Psalter is housed in the Palatina Library in Parma, Italy, which holds close to 1,650 Hebrew manuscripts, is one of the world's greatest collections.
		De Rossi compiled and published a catalogue of his library in 1803, but within a few years, in 1816, had sold it to Napoleon's wife, Marie-Louise, Duchess of Parma, for 100,000 francs.
		These were then compared with the original manuscript in Parma by the separator, the publisher and the printer, and corrections made.
	www.finns-books.com /parma.htm (2431 words)

	MARIE JOSEPHINE LOUISE, DUCHESSE DE GONTAUT - LoveToKnow Article on MARIE JOSEPHINE LOUISE, DUCHESSE DE GONTAUT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		GONTAUT, MARIE JOSEPHINE LOUISE, DUCHESSE DE (1773-1857), was born in Paris on the 3rd of August 1773, daughter of Augustin Francois, comte de Montaut-Navailles, who had been governor of Louis XVI.
		Madame de Gontaut became lady-in-waiting to Caroline, duchess of Berry, and, on the birth of the princess Louise (Mile dArtois, afterwards duchess of Parma), governess to the children of France.
		She herself wrote in her old age some naive memoirs, which throw an odd light on the pretensions of the governess of the children of France.
	www.1911ency.org /G/GO/GONTAUT_MARIE_JOSEPHINE_LOUISE_DUCHESSE_DE.htm (654 words)

	AllRefer.com - Marie Louise (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Marie Louise 1791–1847, empress of the French (1810–15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816–47), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (later Emperor of Austria as Francis I.) She was married (1810) to Napoleon I and was the mother of Napoleon II.
		When Napoleon I was defeated (1814), she fled to Vienna.
		Her duchies were awarded to her at the Congress of Vienna; she ruled them ineptly from Parma, with the assistance of her lover, Count Adam Adalbert von Neipperg, whom she married morganatically in 1821.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/MarieLou.html (233 words)

	Franz I Emperor of Austr
		Marriage (3): Marie Ludovika of Modena on 6 Jan 1808 in Vienna
		Franz next married Marie Ludovika of Modena, daughter of Ferdinand Duke of Modena and Maria Beatrice Princess of Carr, on 6 Jan 1808 in Vienna.
		(Marie Ludovika of Modena was born on 14 Dec 1787 in Monza and died on 2 Mar 1835 in Vienna.)
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~humefamily/571.htm (197 words)

	Essays Page
		His father was an innkeeper who educated his son in the arts of brewing and pickling, tasks that were an integral part of running a hotel at that time.
		Napoleon’s wife, Marie-Louise, the duchess of Parma, brought the recipe back to Austria, where it became a hit not only as a condiment but also as a drink.
		He also invented the bouillon cube, a dried concentrate that could be rehydrated into a soup base, and devised an acid-free method of extracting gelatin from bones.
	www.fofweb.com /Subscription/Science/Helicon.asp?SID=2&iPin=azsts0010 (644 words)

	Articles - Italian unification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The revolts in Modena and the Papal Legations inspired similar activity in the Duchy of Parma, where the ´´tricolore´´ flag was adopted; the duchess Marie Louise left the city.
		In December, Tuscany, Parma, Modena, and the Legations were unified into the United Provinces of Central Italy, and, encouraged by the British, were seeking annexation by the Kingdom of Sardinia.
		His courage boosted by his resolute young wife, Duchess Marie Sophie of Bavaria, Francis mounted a stubborn defense that lasted three months.
	www.workze.com /articles/Italian_unification (5195 words)

	Find in a Library: Marie Louise, empress of France, duchess of Parma
		Find in a Library: Marie Louise, empress of France, duchess of Parma
		Subjects: Marie Louise, -- empress consort of Napoleon I, -- 1791-1847.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/86797a9311251dda.html (84 words)

	:::► Letter M Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert de Motier Lafayette
		Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
		Marie Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, Comtesse de La Fayette
	www.mauspfeil.net /M_292.html (49 words)

	An Introduction to Hebrew Manuscripts
		The richest of these, of approximately seventy-five illuminated manuscripts, is that of the British Library, which began with the bequests of Jewish as well as non-Jewish donors.
		The Biblioteca Palatina in Parma holds an outstanding collection brought together by Giovanni Bernardo de Rossi (1742-1831), a Christian professor of Oriental languages at the University of Parma.
		The de Rossi library was purchased in 1816 and donated to the Biblioteca Palatina by the duchess of Parma, Marie Louise of Austria.
	www.fathom.com /course/72810016/session4.html (2436 words)

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