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	Mary of Guise - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Marie de Guise (in English, Mary of Guise) (November 22, 1515 – June 1560) was the Queen Consort of James V of Scotland and the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots.
		It was Marie de Guise who effectively ruled Scotland as Regent for Queen Mary, who was sent to France at age 5 to be raised with her husband-to-be, the son of the French king Henry II.
		Marie's regency was threatened, however, by the growing influence of the Scottish Protestants, supported secretly by Elizabeth I of England, and was effectively deposed on religious grounds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mary_of_Guise (713 words)

	Mary of Guise
		Marie de Guise (in English, Mary of Guise) (November 22, 1515 - June,1560) was the queen consort of James V of Scotland and the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots.
		The eldest daughter of Claude, Duke of Guise[?], head of the French House of Guise, and his wife Antoinette of Bourbon, Marie was married at the age of 19 to Louis of Orleans, Duke of Longueville.
		It was Marie of Guise who effectively ruled Scotland as Regent for Queen Mary, whom Marie sent to France when Mary was 5 years old, to be raised with her husband-to-be, the son of the French king.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Mary_of_Guise.html (282 words)

	Marie de Guise Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Marie de Guise was the obvious candidate and James V asked Francis I of France for Marie's hand in marriage.
		Marie was married by proxy to James V on 18 May 1538 at Notre-Dame de Paris, and sailed to Scotland, where she and James were married in person at St Andrews in June 1538.
		In response the young Mary was sent to France and betrothed to the infant son of the new King Henri II of France, the Dauphin Francois.
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk /usbiography/biographies/mariedeguise.html (963 words)

	List of counts and dukes of Guise - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jean, Duc de Guise became Orléanist claimant to the throne of France as Jean III in 1926.
		8 Dukes of Guise of the House of Orléans
		Dukes of Guise of the House of Orléans
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duc_de_Guise (417 words)

	Mary, Queen of Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary determined to leave the land of her adoption and to seek that of her birth, but during the time since she had left it, an infant of five years old, everything was changed.
		Mary was a widow, only nineteen years of age, and with opinions entirely at variance with those which had grown up amidst the people whom she came to rule.
		Mary remained a prisoner, and the lords who had themselves usurped power, and had been concerned in the crimes in which she was accused of participating, declared that she should be dethroned on account of her misgovernment, and compelled her to resign the crown to her infant son.
	www.royalstuarts.org /mary_1.htm (2475 words)

	Wikinfo \| Mary I of Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary I of Scotland (Mary Stuart or Stewart) (December, 1542 - February 8, 1587), also known as Mary, Queen of Scots was the ruler of Scotland from December 14, 1542 - July 24, 1567.
		Mary, being a devout Roman Catholic, was regarded with suspicion by many of her subjects as well as by Elizabeth I of England, her cousin and the monarch of the neighbouring Protestant country.
		Mary Stuart was executed at Fotheringhay Castle on February 8, 1587, on suspicion of having been involved in a plot - the Babington plot - to murder Elizabeth.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Mary_I_of_Scotland (1546 words)

	Scottish Monarchs - Kings and Queens of Scotland - Mary, Queen of Scots. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary was married to the Dauphin Francois on 24 April, 1558 at Notre Dame.
		On the accession of Elizabeth I of England, who in Catholic eyes was a bastard, Mary's father-in-law quartered the arms of England with those of the Queen of Scots, thereby declaring her the true heiress to England and casting the gauntlet of challenge at the feet of Elizabeth's right to the English throne.
		For the present, Mary was the cosseted darling of the French court, the doting Henri II wrote 'The little Queen of Scots is the most perfect child I have ever seen.' He corresponded frequently with Marie of Guise, expressing his delight in his young daughter-in-law.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /stewart_8.htm (1526 words)

	Portraits of Mary, queen of Scots: Born 1542, Ruled 1542 to 1567, executed 1587
		Mary Stuart, known to history as Mary, queen of Scots, was one of the most fascinating and controversial monarchs of 16th century Europe.
		Mary of Guise was once courted by King Henry VIII, but shunned him for his nephew, King James V of Scotland.
		Mary places a ring on the wedding finger of her right hand (where the wedding ring was worn at the time.) This is a reference to her celebrated wedding to the dauphin Francois in 1558.
	www.marileecody.com /maryqosimages.html (2493 words)

	The Saga of Mary Queen of Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary was half French, her mother a daughter of the powerful French house of Guise, and to Marie France would always be home.
		It was time young Mary met her French relatives, tasted the culture of a truly civilized court – and fulfilled French wishes by entering her betrothal to the young Dauphin of France.
		But in the meantime, with Mary safe in France, Marie de Guise would hold the country in trust, struggle fiercely against the Protestant forces which wanted to undermine the Pope's authority, and keep the country safe until her daughter's minority was finished.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/tudor_england/26235 (434 words)

	Royalty.nu - Royalty in Scotland - The Life of Mary Queen of Scots
		Mary Stuart was born on December 8, 1542 at Linlithgow Palace in Scotland.
		Mary had her own room in the house at Kirk o'Field, and she intended to spend the night of February 9 there, but late that evening she remembered that she was supposed to attend a servant's wedding celebration at Holyrood.
		Criticism of the poetry of Henry VIII, Mary Stuart, Elizabeth I, and James VI/I. Eros and Poetry at the Courts of Mary Queen of Scots and James VI by Sarah M. Dunnigan.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe/Scotland/MaryQueenofScots.html (2841 words)

	A Review of Dr Marshall's book "Marie of Guise", Mary Queen of Scots' mother.
		For my own part, on reading 'Mary of Guise', it has certainly helped me to understand the woman "Who went before the Throne" and in turn to place together events and people she was connected with, including thoughts, emotions, beliefs and courage passed on to her daughter Mary, Queen of Scots.
		MARY OF GUISE "Here is a lady, whose story begins in Bar le duc, above the River Ornain in North East France, in 1515, who, for the first 4 years of her life was the only child of Claud, Count of Guise and Antoinette de Bourbon until her brother, Francis, was born in 1519.
		Mary and Louis were married on 4 August 1534 in the Chapel of the Royal Palace of the Louvre.
	www.marie-stuart.co.uk /MarshallReview.htm (2086 words)

	Mary, Queen of Scots' Parents: James V of Scotland & Marie of Guise
		Mary of Guise was born on 20 November 1515, eldest daughter of the marriage of love between
		Mary, disappointed by Elizabeth's deviousness demanded the reason for the appearance of English ships in the Forth Estuary.The French aid that she was so intently asking for was not forthcoming either.
		Mary's body was taken to Fécamp in Normandy and buried in Rheims at the Convent of St Peter where her sister was the Abbess.
	www.marie-stuart.co.uk /parents.htm (2066 words)

	Mary Queen of Scots
		Of Mary Queen of Scots, the historian Gordon Donaldson observes: “She must never be thought of as the maker of her own destiny, for her fortunes were shaped at least as much by events as by any qualities or defects in her character, or by anything she did or left undone.
		Mary was imprisoned in the castles of Sheffield, Tutbury, Wingfield, Chartley, and lastly, Fotheringhay.
		Mary wrote to him that she would be glad to be freed from her prison and that if the plot were successful she would reward those involved.
	die_meistersinger.tripod.com /mary.html (3154 words)

	Mary STUART (Queen of Scotland)
		When Marie died in Jun 10 or 11, 1560 at Edinburgh Castle, her body was taken back to France and interred at the church in the Convent of Saint-Pierre in Reims, where Marie's sister Renée was the abbess.
		For eighteen years Mary was detained as a state prisoner; and, during the whole of that time, she was recognised as the head of the Popish party, who wished to see a princess of their faith on the throne of England.
		Mary was anxious to continue negotiations with Elizabeth and thought that it would please her if she were to marry one of her subjects.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Bios/MaryStuart.htm (2836 words)

	Sample text for Library of Congress control number 2002034467
		Mary's maternal uncles, Francis, Duke of Guise and Charles de Guise, Cardinal of Lorraine, were rising men at the French court, and they, foreseeing great advantages to themselves through the marriage of their niece to the heir to the French throne, added their persuasions to Arran's.
		Marie de Guise ignored the scandals of the Archbishop's private life; she hoped he would be the saviour of the Catholic Church in Scotland.
		It is not known whether Mary herself posed naked for these pictures, or whether her portrait was superimposed on the body of a nude model, but the portrayal of her in such poses belies the later image she fostered of a prim and virtuous princess.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/samples/random042/2002034467.html (2127 words)

	Guise Deaths
		He was mistaken: Mlle de Guise alluded to a daughter in a super-covert way, insisting in two codicilles that the Sœur des Martyres, a nun at Montmartre, be given a pension.
		Mlle de Guise died in her bedroom, in middle of the first floor apartment that opened onto the garden, and that one half hour later the outer doors of the apartment were sealed by order of the Parlement, and no one dared to break the seals in order to watch by the body.
		And we know that, despite her desire not to be "opened," Mme de Guise was embalmed; that fourteen torches accompanied the convoy that bore her body to Paris; and that the members of her household were given mourning clothes, presumably to wear during the procession.
	ranumspanat.com /deaths_deaths.html (2244 words)

	Mary Beaton Bethune (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary, along with the others, returned to her queen in 1554, at the age of 11, when Queen Mary’s household was established.
		Mary Beaton eventually married Alexander Ogilvy of Boyne in April of 1566, having one son, James, born in 1568.
		As a side note, Mary’s Aunt Elizabeth was the mistress of James V of Scotland, and mother of Jean Stewart Campbell, the Countess of Argyll, while another aunt, Janet, was the mistress of James Hepburn, the Earl of Bothwell.
	www.saintandrewsguild.com /Beaton.htm (516 words)

	Mary Stuart Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Mary Stuart was born, the only child of James V, King of Scotland and his queen, Marie de Guise, widow of Charles d’Orleans, Duc de Longueville.
		Her mother was the daughter of Claude de Lorraine, Duc de Guise, by his wife Antionette de Bourbon, and sister to the famous Francois de Lorraine, Duc de Guise, and Charles, Cardinal de Guise, the most famous among Mary Stuart’s six uncles on her mother’s side.
		Mary Stuart was crowned Queen of Scotland at Stirling Castle by Cardinal Beaton.
	www.ourpasthistory.com /mary/mary_timeline.htm (556 words)

	GO BRITANNIA! Scotland: A Brief History - Turmoil after the Bruce
		Mary, who had been held prisoner by the Scottish lords, made her escape from Lochleven Castle, but the small army she managed to raise was defeated by Moray.
		Mary should have gone to France, for her own claim to the English throne made her a potentially deadly rival to Elizabeth I. A succession of Regents was now in charge of Scotland while James VI grew and learned his statecraft.
		A rebellion led by Mary's supporters, the "Queen's Lords" seized strategic Edinburgh Castle in the heart of the Scottish capital; the first two Regents were murdered and one died in office.
	www.britannia.com /celtic/scotland/scot5d.html (1403 words)

	Worldroots.com
		In 1534 his daughter, Marie de Guise, married Louis II d'Orleans, Duc de Longueville, who died in 1537, leaving behind Marie who was expecting their second son, but which did not survive.
		Madeleine died one month after the Duc de Longueville and, a year later, Marie de Guise was married by proxy to the same King James V. Marie had to leave her son, Francois, behind to be cared for by his grandparents, Claude and Antoinette, Duc and Duchesse de Guise.
		Diane de Poitiers, Henri's mistress, urged Henri to sleep with his wife and, in due course, ten children were born.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/bio/claudeoflorrainebio.html (498 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		To everyone's dismay, the baby born to James V of Scotland and his second wife, Marie de Guise, on 8 December 1542 at Linlithgow Palace was a girl.
		Mary was to go to England when she was ten, and be married the following year.
		Like most women, she found him handsome, charming and gallant: he was 'a strong man of personage, well-proportioned with lusty and manly visage, and carried himself erect and stately, wherefore he was very pleasant in the sight of gentlewomen'.
	www.ottakars.co.uk /Internet/home/alisonweirextract.jsp (1189 words)

	Gahanbar - LoveToKnow 1911
		Gaignieres, Francois Roger De (1642-1715), French genealogist, antiquary and collector, was the son of Aime de Gaignieres, secretary to the governor of Burgundy, and was born on the 30th of December 1642.
		He became ecuyer (esquire) to Louis Joseph, duke of Guise, and afterwards to Louis Joseph's aunt, Marie of Guise, by whom in 1679 he was appointed governor of her principality of Joinville.
		The bulk of them is preserved in the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris, and a certain number in the Bodleian library at Oxford.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gahanbar (268 words)

	SEVENTEENTH GENERATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		King JAMES V of Scotland was born in 1512.
		Marie of Guise died in 1560 in France.
		Queen MARY of Scotland Queen Dowager of France.
	www.royalgenealogy.com /d15.htm (25 words)

	History: Mary, Queen of Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Consequently, Mary was raised in the French culture, with only her child companions (the Four Marys, her life-long ladies in waiting) and her governess to remind her of her Scottish heritage.
		Because she knew little of Scottish ways, Mary embarked upon several Progresses throughout Scotland, to bond with her people who were somewhat distrusting of their new young, French-raised, Catholic female monarch.
		Mary took with her all aspects of her court: foreign ambassadors, noble Scottish men and women, her ladies in waiting, emissaries, infantry, and all manner of domestic help.
	www.saintandrewsguild.com /historymary.htm (623 words)

	The Six Wives of Henry VIII. Meet the Wives. Anne of Cleves \| PBS
		When Marie de Guise received word of Henry VIII's interest, her response was swift: she got engaged to someone else.
		A curvy widow of 22, Marie was related to the French royal house of Valois and had already had two sons.
		Her daughter, Mary, Queen of Scots, would later pose one of the more formidable challenges to the rule of Henry VIII's daughter, Elizabeth I, and pay for it with her head.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/sixwives/meet/ac_handbook_why2.html (214 words)

	A Brief History of Renaissance Scotland by Washington Renaissance Fantasy Faire at Gig Harbor's Actor's Library
		Mary's mother, Marie de Guise, ruled as Regent in Scotland for her while her daughter grew up in the luxurious and pampered French court, married, and eventually became Queen of France.
		Mary escaped as well, and after another failed attempt to raise an army against the Scottish lords, she fled to England, where she was taken prisoner again, this time by Elizabeth.
		James the VI, Mary's son by Darnley, was crowned king of Scotland and Mary's half-brother ruled as regent for the infant King, while Mary remained a prisoner in England for nearly 20 years, till a failed plot for Mary to overthrow Elizabeth came to light and she was condemned to death.
	www.renaissanceactor.com /scotland.html (439 words)

	Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History
		Arran was Protestant in his religion and it was this religious leaning which led to the Catholics snatching away the infant Mary, crowning her Queen of Scotland and denouncing the betrothal.
		Mary's mother, Marie of Guise Lorraine replaced Arran as Regent and with French support drove the English out of Scotland.
		Mary, Queen of Scots, was executed on the orders of her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I of England at Fotheringay Castle in Northamptonshire.
	www.camelotintl.com /heritage/rulers/mary_queen-scots.html (362 words)

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