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Topic: Marquess of Newcastle

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	William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Newcastle left in 1648 for Rotterdam with the intention of joining the Prince of Wales in command of the rebellious navy, and finally took up his abode at Antwerp, where he remained till the Restoration.
		At the Restoration Newcastle returned to England, and succeeded in regaining the greater part of his estates, though burdened with debts, his wife estimating his total losses in the war at the enormous sum of £941,303.
		As a commander in the field Clarendon spoke contemptuously of Newcastle as "a very lamentable man, and as fit to be a general as a bishop".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William_Cavendish,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle (1089 words)

	Battle of Marston Moor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Royalist army under the Marquess of Newcastle disputed the border country, but had to hastily retreat to York when that city was threatened by a Parliamentarian army under Lord Fairfax and his son, Sir Thomas Fairfax.
		(Newcastle, who in any case rarely led in the field, had charged with a body of "gentleman volunteers" and was out of touch.) In most such cases, an indecisive drawn battle resulted, but Cromwell's disciplined horsemen had rallied and were the key to victory.
		The troops of Newcastle's army which marched from York were mostly raised in Northumberland and Durham.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Marston_Moor (1977 words)

	William Cavendish, Marquis of Newcastle, 1593-1676
		Newcastle clashed with Lord Ferdinando Fairfax and his son Sir Thomas in the north of England during 1642-3 and defeated them at the battle of Adwalton Moor in June 1643, securing all of Yorkshire except the vital port of Hull for the Royalists.
		Newcastle's manoeuvres delayed the Scottish advance for a time, but after Fairfax stormed and captured Selby in April 1644, Newcastle was obliged to fall back to defend York itself, where the combined armies of the Covenanters, Lord Fairfax and the Earl of Manchester surrounded and besieged him.
		Newcastle had taken offence at the brusque nature of Rupert's communications with him and was uncooperative in preparing for the decisive battle of Marston Moor (2 July 1644).
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /biog/newcastle.htm (1216 words)

	List of Marquessates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		2 Marquessates in the Peerage of Scotland, 1488-1707
		4 Marquessates in the Peerage of Ireland, 1642-1801
		Marquessates in the Peerages of the United Kingdom and Ireland, 1801-present
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Marquessates (417 words)

	AllRefer.com - Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, duke of (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, duke of 1693–1768, English politician, brother of Henry Pelham.
		His weak policy in the Seven Years War led to his resignation in 1756, but the next year he returned to power as nominal head of a coalition ministry with William Pitt, later 1st earl of Chatham.
		Newcastle was ineffective and irresolute in his conduct of public affairs, but he wielded immense political influence through his clever use of patronage, helping to provide parliamentary majorities for Walpole, Pelham, and Pitt.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/N/NewcstlT.html (357 words)

	William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		William Cavendish, Duke of Newcastle (1592 - December 25, 1676) was an English soldier, politician and writer.
		When the Scottish war (1639 - 1640) broke out he assisted King Charles I with a loan of £10,000 and a troop of volunteer horse, consisting of 120 knights and gentlemen.
		He maintained troops at his own expense, and having occupied Newcastle kept open communications with Queen Henrietta Maria, and despatched to the king his foreign supplies.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/william_cavendish__1st_duke_of_newcastle (1115 words)

	Stuarts and Civil War North East England Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Newcastle and Durham are seized by the Scots.
		After marching from Newcastle to Durham, the Marquess of Newcastle’s Royalist soldiers fail to engage the Scots in battle at Hylton.
		Parliamentarian troops besiege the Royalist garrison at York and the Royalist troops of the Marquess of Newcastle move south to defend it.
	www.thenortheast.fsnet.co.uk /page60.htm (1047 words)

	Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sometimes severely defeated, more often successful, and always energetic, prudent and resourceful, they contrived to keep up the struggle until the crisis of 1644, when York was held by the Marquess of Newcastle against the combined forces of the English Parliamentarians and the Scots, and Prince Rupert hastened with all available forces to its relief.
		A gathering of eager national forces within a few square miles of ground naturally led to a battle, and Marston Moor (2 July 1644) proved decisive for the struggle in the north.
		But the Marquess of Newcastle fled the kingdom, and the Royalists abandoned all hope of retrieving their affairs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Fairfax%2C_3rd_Baron_Fairfax_of_Cameron (1819 words)

	List of Baronies
		The Barony is held by the Marquess of Winchester
		Subsidiary title of the Marquess of Donegall in the Peerage of Ireland.
		Subsidiary title of the [Marquess of Normanby]] in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_baronies.html (1879 words)

	Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st duke of Newcastle -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Newcastle (-under-Lyme), Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of, Duke Of Newcastle-upon-tyne, Marquess Of Clare, Earl Of Clare, Viscount Haughton, Baron Pelham Of Laughton, Baron Pelham Of Stanmer
		Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of, Duke Of Newcastle-upon-tyne, Marquess Of Clare, Earl Of Clare, Viscount Haughton, Baron Pelham Of Laughton, Baron Pelham Of Stanmer...
		"Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of, Duke Of Newcastle-upon-tyne, Marquess Of Clare, Earl Of Clare, Viscount Haughton, Baron Pelham Of Laughton, Baron Pelham Of Stanmer." Encyclopædia Britannica.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?eu=56959 (978 words)

	Battle of Marston Moor - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Rupert called the Marquess of Newcastle out of York for the upcoming battle.
		The royalist whitecoats of Newcastle's army refused to surrender and were killed.
		In this battle Rupert lost his reputation of invincibility, and Cromwell's warty reputation as a cavalry commander was made.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Battle_of_Marston_Moor (333 words)

	Pepys' Diary: Cocke, “Captain” George
		Baltic merchant and navy contractor, of London and Greenwich; a native of Newcastle upon Tyne (which played an important part in trade to Scandinavia).
		He had served in the Marquess of Newcastle’s royalist army and had been taken prisoner 1643-4.
		He had a sinecure post in the Newcastle customs service, was a farmer of the hearth-tax and served on the commission of enquiry into the Chatham Chest.
	www.pepysdiary.com /p/3164.php (258 words)

	William Cavendish, 1st duke of Newcastle -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Devonshire, William Cavendish, 1st Duke of, Marquess Of Hartington, Earl Of Devonshire, Baron Cavendish Of Hardwick
		The cultural and economic center of the coal-mining and shipbuilding Tyneside district of northeastern England is Newcastle.
		Situated on the north bank of the River Tyne, it is 8 miles (13 kilometers) from the North Sea.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9055576?tocId=9055576 (824 words)

	The Battle of Marston Moor
		Newcastle and Prince Rupert vs. an allied army of Parliamentary and Scottish troops led by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Lord Manchester
		The Marquess of Newcastle was forced to fall back on the fortified city of York, where he was besieged by Parliamentary armies under Sir Thomas Fairfax.
		By the time the armies were in position it was late in the day, and Rupert, convinced that his foe would not attack until the morning, left the field in search of his supper.
	www.britainexpress.com /History/battles/marston-moor.htm (377 words)

	1644
		Newcastle occupied by the Marquess of Newcastle after he repulsed an attack by the Scots under Leven.
		The result of this defeat for the Royalists was to force Newcastle to retreat to York.
		Maurice besieges the port of Lyme in Dorset.
	www.thevickerage.worldonline.co.uk /ecivil/1644.htm (302 words)

	[No title]
		Made Baron Cavendish of Bolsover and Earl of Newcastle by Charles I. King Charles stayed at Welbeck on his way to be Scotland to be crowned.
		Newcastle's troops captured Sir Thomas Fairfax's wife but being a gentleman, she was escorted safely to her husband in Hull.
		On hearing of Rupert's approach with the Royalist forces, the siege was abandoned and the Parliamentarian forces went to confront Rupert.
	www.thevickerage.worldonline.co.uk /ecivil/cavendish.htm (324 words)

	BBC NEWS \| England \| Marquess dodged £1 train fare
		Lord Charles, 21, who is the nephew of Britain's richest man, the Duke of Westminster, was caught at Haymarket station in Newcastle city centre after travelling in from the Jesmond area.
		A Nexus spokesman said the Marquess was picked up without a ticket on 3 February at 1500 GMT at Haymarket in a monthly operation to catch fare evaders, called Operation Nemesis.
		He added: "We thought he was a student as he gave us his parents' address but the customer service assistant thought he was having her on when he said it was Floors Castle in Kelso.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/england/2732575.stm (398 words)

	Duke of Newcastle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Duke of Newcastle is a title which has been created several times in the peerages of England and Great Britain.
		The title was again created for William Cavendish, who was raised to the rank of Marquess and finally Duke.
		Then, the title of "Newcastle-under-Lyme" (not the previously used "Newcastle-upon-Tyne") was created in 1757, but that title also became extinct upon the death of the tenth Duke, as no male heirs to the title remained.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/duke_of_newcastle (254 words)

	[No title]
		The earl, now marquess, of Newcastle, who had associated the northern counties in favour of the king, had defeated the lord Fairfax, the parliamentary general, at Atherton Moor, in Yorkshire, and retaken Gainsborough, in Lincolnshire, from the army under Cromwell.
		But he was opposed by his enemy the marquess of Hamilton, who deprecated the arming of Scot against Scot, and engaged on his own responsibility to preserve the peace between the Scottish people and their sovereign.
		The marquess, having assembled his army, offered them battle, and, when they refused to fight, confined them for five weeks within their own quarters.
	www.gutenberg.net /1/0/7/0/10700/10700.txt (11761 words)

	John Manners, Marquess of Granby World Encyclopedia, India encyclopedia, Featured Articles, Cover Stories, World wide ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		John Manners, Marquess of Granby, PC, (1721 â“ October 18, 1770), British soldier, was the eldest son of the 3rd Duke of Rutland.
		Four years later he received a commission as colonel of a regiment raised by the Rutland interest in and about Leicester to assist in quelling the Highland revolt of 1745.
		This corps never got beyond Newcastle, but young Granby went to the front as a volunteer on the Duke of Cumberland's staff, and saw active service in the last stages of the insurrection.
	www.mirchigold.com /index.php?title=John_Manners,_Marquess_of_Granby (600 words)

	List of the Knights of the Garter (1348-present)
		Married, firstly, Catherine daughter of Thomas, 1st Marquess of Dorset, K.G., aunt of Lady Jane Grey.
		Powerful supporter of the royalist cause, and known as "the Loyal Earl." His wife, Charlotte de la Trémouille, is famous for her heroic defence of Lathom House.
		Daughter of Thomas (Holland), 2nd Earl of Kent, K.G. Married 1st John (Beaufort), Marquess of Dorset, K.G.; 2ndly Thomas (Plantagenet), Duke of Clarence, K.G. 1399 Joan, Countess of Westmorland.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/orders/garterlist.htm (13903 words)

	Newcastle, Margaret (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Title Poems, or, Several fancies in verse : with the Animal parliament in prose / written by the thrice noble, illustrious, and excellent princess, the Duchess of Newcastle.
		Title The life of the thrice noble High and Puissant Prince, William Cavendish, Duke, Marquess, and Earl of Newcastle...
		Also, there are some morals and some dialogues ; but they are as the advantage loaves of bread to a bakers dozen ; and a true story at the end wherein there is no feigning." Imperfect: Print show-through with loss of print.
	www.geocities.com /paultabaka/she/newcastle.html (926 words)

	Marquess of Rockingham
		Charles Wentworth, Marquess of Rockingham 1765-6 1782 Whig
		Mary Bright married the Marquess at 16 but had no children.
		Lord Newcastle said of her 'the little woman has her influence'.
	www.number-10.gov.uk /output/page164.asp (377 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Mad Madge: The Extraordinary Life of Margaret, Dutchess of Newcastle, the First Woman to Live by Her ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		She received the typical education afforded a young woman of her station little beyond the rudiments deemed sufficient to permit her to take her place as wife to a nobleman and mother to his children.
		Though she did remain happily married to William Cavendish, marquess of Newcastle, for almost 30 years, little about the rest of her life was in any way conventional.
		Her extraordinary life unfolded during the English Civil Wars, when she was exiled to Paris and Antwerp as a Royalist seeking refuge from Cromwell's England, and later as mistress of her husband's...
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/046509161X (574 words)

	The first Civil War, 1642-46
		William Cavendish, Earl of Newcastle (who was rewarded by being made a Marquess in 1643 and a Duke in 1665) spent about £700,000 in the King's service.
		Royalist Forces under the Earl of Newcastle defeated Thomas Fairfax's Parliamentarians at Adwalton Moor (30 June 1643) and so gained control of all the North of England except for Hull.
		The Royalists under Prince Rupert and the Marquess of Newcastle were completely defeated by combined armies of Scotland and Parliament.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/361/361-27.htm (1621 words)

	Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (May 13, 1730 – July 1, 1782) was a British Whig statesman, most notable for his two terms as Whig Prime Minister of Great Britain.
		He served in only two high offices during his lifetime (Prime Minister and Leader of the House of Lords), but was nonetheless very influential during his one and a half years of service.
		In 1746, he rode from Wentworth to Carlisle to join the Duke of Cumberland in pursuit of the "Young Pretender." Four years later, he was created Earl of Malton in the Peerage of Ireland, then acceded to his father's marquessate shortly thereafter.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham (563 words)

	William Petty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		He subsequently went to Paris to study anatomy with Hobbes, whose influence was considerable, and there met Mersenne, John Pell, the Marquess of Newcastle and Sir Charles Cavendish.
		At various times between 1662 and 1684 he designed four twin-hulled ships which were built and tested with varying success.
		His accounts of this were edited by the Marquess of Lansdowne and published in 1931.
	www.thoemmes.com /encyclopedia/petty.htm (2111 words)

	Sunderland Today: News, Sport, Jobs, Property, Cars, Entertainments & More (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Between March 1644 and the fall of Newcastle in October, Sunderland was the regional base for the Parliamentary fleet to launch raiding parties on the Royalist ships of the Marquess of Newcastle.
		The trip from Newcastle to the sea was just 12 miles, but at the time could take several days.
		Over the years, Newcastle's communications links have tended to give it a higher profile outside the region, but Sunderland, of course, is actually the bigger of the two.
	www.sunderland-echo.co.uk /mk4CustomPages/CustomPage.aspx?PageID=30044 (975 words)

	List of Parliaments of Great Britain - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Duke of Newcastle
		Duke of Newcastle, John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, George Grenville, Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
		Lord North, Marquess of Rockingham, William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne, William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, William Pitt the Younger
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /List_of_Parliaments_of_Great_Britain (165 words)

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