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Topic: Mars Exploration Rover Mission

	Mars Exploration Rover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Primary among the mission's scientific goals is to search for and characterize a wide range of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity on Mars.
		JPL succeeded on Thursday the 22nd in receiving a beep from the rover, indicating that it was in fault mode.
		The parachute for this mission is 40% larger than Pathfinder's because the largest load for the Mars Exploration Rover is 80 to 85 kilonewtons (kN) or 18,000 to 19,000 lbf when the parachute fully inflates.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/M/Mars-Exploration-Rover.htm (4827 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission Status
		Both rovers have successfully completed their three-month primary missions and their first mission extensions.
		Rover engineers are also analyzing a positive development on Spirit's twin, Opportunity.
		Because Opportunity is closer to Mars' equator and his output level has increased markedly and unexpectedly, to more than 700 watt-hours per day, a level not seen since the first 10 weeks of the mission.
	www.extrasolar-planets.com /english/news/2004102301.php (475 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Overview
		The Mars Exploration Rover mission is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a long-term effort of robotic exploration of the red planet.
		A goal for the rover is to drive up to 40 meters (about 44 yards) in a single day, for a total of up to one 1 kilometer (about three-quarters of a mile).
		Each rover is sort of the mechanical equivalent of a geologist walking the surface of Mars.
	mars.jpl.nasa.gov /mer/overview (547 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Destination Mars \| Mission Status Center
		Rover planners commanded Opportunity to take a drive during the afternoon of sol 102 to the south, along the edge of the crater toward a dark rock in the vicinity.
		Rover planners intended for Spirit to use its wheels to dig a trench at the MayFly spot, but hazard avoidance camera images of the area showed a potato-size rock that could have potentially fallen into the wheel hollow in the process.
		Rover planners amended the plan for the sol so the rover would back up and reposition itself for a safe placement of the spectrometer after the rock abrasion tool completed the grind.
	spaceflightnow.com /mars/mera/status.html (8931 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Spirit and Opportunity
		The main task for both Mars Exploration Rovers in coming weeks and months is to read clues in the rocks and soil to learn about past environmental conditions at their landing sites, particularly about whether the areas were ever watery and possibly suitable for sustaining life.
		After the rover drives off its lander platform, infrared measurements it takes as it explores the area may allow scientists to judge whether the water indicated by the nearby carbonates was in the air or in a suspected ancient lake.
		The mission, which will carry a large roving vehicle to the surface of Mars, was chosen by Edward Weiler, NASA associate administrator for space science, after an intensive two-month study of the two competing candidates, the rover and a scientific orbiter.
	www.xs4all.nl /~carlkop/mereng.html (14108 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission : MER
		NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER) is an unmanned Mars exploration mission that includes sending two Rovers (robots), MER-A ("Spirit") which was successfully launched on June 10, 2003, and MER-B ("Opportunity") which is scheduled to launch on June 28, 2003 to explore the Martian surface and geology.
		The Mars Exploration Rover mission is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program which includes the previous successful landers Viking in 1975 and Pathfinder in 1996.
		The rover is designed to drive up to 40 metre in a single day, for a total of up to one 1 km total.
	www.fastload.org /me/MER.html (463 words)

	The Mars Exploration Rover Mission
		However, scientists of the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission plan to seek evidence that liquid water once existed on the surface of Mars, a possible indication that there was life as well.
		The MER mission is part of the Mars Exploration Program which plans to take advantage of every launch opportunity to send robotic explorers to Mars.
		One of the primary objectives of the Pathfinder mission was to demonstrate that this "low-cost" landing was feasible.
	ccar.colorado.edu /asen5050/projects/projects_2002/barker (2423 words)

	NASA - The Latest News from Mars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers' discovery of evidence of past water on Mars was the top scientific "Breakthrough of the Year," according to the journal Science.
		NASA's Mars rover Opportunity is trying to escape from a sand trap, while its twin, Spirit, has been busy finding new clues to a wet and violent early Martian history.
		Mars rover engineers are using a testing laboratory to simulate specific Mars surface conditions where NASA's rover Opportunity has spun its wheels in a small dune.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/universe/solarsystem/mer_main.html (412 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission Status
		Engineers on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover team are investigating possible causes and remedies for a problem affecting the steering on Spirit.
		Each of the front and rear wheels on the rover has a steering actuator, or motor, that adjusts the direction in which the wheels are headed independently from the motor that makes the wheels roll.
		Meanwhile, the team continues to use Spirit's robotic arm and camera mast to study rocks and soils around the rover, without moving the vehicle until the cause of the anomaly is understood and corrective measures can be implemented.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/mars-mers-04zzzzzzzk.html (615 words)

	More About the Mission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The first Rover is expected to land on the Martian surface on January 2, 2004 and the second one on January 20, 2004.
		Whereas the Pathfinder mission used a "base station" that contained several instruments, the Rovers, each having a mass of 150 kilograms, will carry all instrumentation with them and be able to venture up to 100 meters per day across the Martian terrain.
		The following instruments will be carried on the twin Rover missions and will be used to help scientists study both the climate and water history of Mars in the two different landing locations.
	spacekids.hq.nasa.gov /2003/mission.htm (393 words)

	D-Lib Featured Collection January 2004: Mars Exploration Rover Mission
		The two rovers will be used to examine the rocks and soils of the Martian surface to see if there has ever been water—and therefore possibly life—on Mars.
		As one example, there is a January 8 press release about high school students who are official participants of the Mars Rover Mission, some of whom were in the control room at JPL when Spirit landed.
		During its landing on Mars, Spirit used airbags to cushion the spacecraft and prevent a hard impact with the Martian surface that might have damaged Spirit's sensitive scientific equipment.
	www.dlib.org /dlib/january04/01featured-collection.html (727 words)

	Apple - Hot News - Mars Rover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		If you’re marveling over the incredibly detailed pictures of Mars sent back to Earth by Spirit, the Mars Exploration Rover, prepare to be blown away by what you can do with these images right on your own Mac.
		During the 2004 Mars Exploration Rover Mission, you can download a free copy of Maestro for Mac OS X from NASA JPL that allows you to see Mars in ways you’ve never imagined.
		JPL is using the Rovers to analyze the planet’s geology in areas that show particular promise, hoping to ferret out any clues in its rocks and soil using sophisticated imaging technology.
	www.apple.com /hotnews/articles/2004/01/marsrover (1058 words)

	TPS: Exploring Mars: The Mars Exploration Rovers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		NASA's twin Mars Exploration Rovers, now named Spirit and Opportunity, are designed to study the history of water on Mars.
		Each rover can travel as far as 100 meters in one day to act as Mars scientists' eyes and hands, exploring an environment where humans can't yet go.
		The rovers are NOT looking for life on Mars, only for clues to an environment that could have supported life.
	planetary.org /mars/mer.html (496 words)

	(AXCH) 2004 Mars Exploration Rovers - News, Status, Technical Info, History
		Rover arm sweeping over trench (F Hazcam): GIF (95 KB)
		At the time this picture was snapped, the rover had begun analyzing the rock with the alpha particle X-ray spectrometer located on its robotic arm.
		Mars weather: Daily Martian Weather Report (from MGS science team, interesting but out of date).
	axonchisel.net /etc/space/mars-exp-rover-highlights.html (2812 words)

	E-Commerce News: Global : Mars Exploration Rover Mission Status
		solar-powered Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity is beginning on Thursday what controllers expect to be frequent use of an overnight "deep sleep" mode to stretch the robot's power supply.
		As the Mars southern-hemisphere winter advances and dust accumulates on the solar panels, the amount of electricity the rovers can generate is decreasing.
		The amount of energy wasted was not enough to hinder Opportunity from succeeding in its primary mission, but is now sapping about one-third of the rover's diminished amount of solar-generated electricity.
	www.ecommercetimes.com /story/global/34353.html (733 words)

	Mars Exploration: Home
		As of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's 414th martian day, or sol, the robot had driven a total of 4.81 kilometers (2.99 miles) since landing.
		The Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, were about to begin an amazing year of exploration.
		The MRO will arrive at Mars in March 2006 for a mission to understand the planet's water riddles and to advance the exploration of the mysterious red planet.
	mars.jpl.nasa.gov (969 words)

	SPACE.com -- Mars Rover Special Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		NASA’s Spirit rover is sitting atop the summit of Husband Hill, with rover scientists and engineers overjoyed in achieving the exploration high point.
		The first geologists on Mars are not going to be humans of flesh and bone, but robot automatons of metal and wheels.
		Long before the Mars Rover missions were readied for launch, NASA researcher worried behind the scenes about invisible microbes that could contaminate the spacecraft.
	www.space.com /marsrover (1014 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Home
		Rovers' Evidence for Water and Prospects for Life -
		As the rovers keep journeying across the surface of Mars, scientists are busy churning out journal articles that herald the new discoveries revealed by their robot geologist partners.
		As the shuttle returns to flight, the human spirit is inspired and the rover Spirit climbs the martian hills named in honor of the Columbia astronauts.
	origin.mars5.jpl.nasa.gov /home (132 words)

	maestro - Welcome to Maestro Headquarters
		The 90-sol primary mission of the Mars Exploration Rovers has been completed for Spirit; Opportunity will reach that milestone in a few days.
		Opportunity is surveying the rock outcrop near the rim of the crater where it landed, and sister rover Spirit has embarked on a journey to a neighboring crater, setting distance records for Martian travel.
		Updates are also available for Maestro that contain real data from Mars that you can add to your copy of Maestro.
	mars.telascience.org /home (797 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission Astrobot Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Follow the real Mars Explorer Rover A and B missions with Astrobots Biff Starling and Sandy Moondust, part of The Planetary Society Astrobot Corps, as they explore their spacecraft and discover the secrets of the planet.
		Transported by a LEGO robotic rover, drivers can only see what the rover "sees" through a web cam mounted on top, just like the scientists at NASA will experience when MER A and MER B land at their final destination.
		Based on images provided by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and computer animation produced at Cornell University, this replica of the actual MER spacecraft is the proper size and shape with all the instruments, components and structures represented faithfully and to scale.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/delta/delta2/mera/mer-a.html (936 words)

	JPL.NASA.GOV: Mars Exploration Rovers
		Engineers and mission managers for NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission cheered when images from the Martian surface confirmed Opportunity had successfully escaped from a sand trap.
		Opportunity is healthy and traveling westward around "Erebus Crater." The rover is running in restricted sols, so the team is able to drive it only every other sol and has been doing so.
		Near-daily video updates on rover status, given by rover flight directors.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /missions/mer (117 words)

	MSSS Mars Exploration Rover Directory
		The rover, Spirit, landed in Gusev Crater on 4 January 2004 (3 January 2004, PST).
		The Mars Relay antenna and MOC on Mars Global Surveyor were used throughout the Primary and early Extended MER mission phases to relay data, including images, from the martian surface.
		On 1 February and 6 February 2004, MOC images of the Opportunity lander and rover hardware were obtained.
	www.msss.com /mer_mission (544 words)

	Mission to Mars
		Mars Rovers receive go-ahead to keep roving, imaging the Red Planet
		Mars emerges from behind the Sun; Mission extended
		Mars Rovers: One going up and one going down
	athena.cornell.edu (178 words)

	Jet Propulsion Laboratory
		Rover science team member discusses Mars Exploration Rovers
		The Flight Director describes recent activities for the Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity.
		Learn more about NASA and the vision for space exploration.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov (204 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover-2003 Mission Participation Certificate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thank you for joining us on this mission of exploration and discovery.
		A compact disc bearing your name will be included in one of the next Mars Exploration Rover-2003 missions that will explore the planet's surface in search of geologic evidence of water in Mars' past.
		Together, we will journey into space to discover and understand the many wonders of our universe.
	reality.vectorstar.net /mars.htm (62 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Multimedia
		This image gallery will expand as the mission progresses.
		See also Mars images by topical category (canyons, craters, etc.) in the main Mars Exploration Program's Gallery.
		This video gallery will expand as the mission progresses.
	origin.mars5.jpl.nasa.gov /gallery (35 words)

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