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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Packet loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Packet loss is where network traffic fails to reach its destination in a timely manner.
		Most commonly packets get dropped when the time to live expires before the destination can be reached, usually due to poor (high) network latency.
		Dropped packets can result in highly noticeable performance issues or Jitter with streaming technologies, Voice over IP and Video Conferencing, and will affect all other applications to a degree.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Packet_loss (140 words)

	Bogon filtering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A bogon is an informal name for an IP packet on the public Internet that claims to be from an area of the IP address space reserved, but not yet allocated or delegated by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) or a delegated Regional Internet Registry (RIR).
		A bogon packet is frequently bogus both in the conventional sense of being forged for illegitimate purposes, and in the hackish sense of being incorrect, absurd, and useless.
		Many ISPs and end user firewalls filter bogons, because they have no legitimate use, and are therefore the result of accidental or malicious misconfiguration at the sender.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bogon_filtering (257 words)

	Christmas tree packet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Christmas tree packet is a packet with every single option set for whatever protocol is in use.
		Christmas Tree packets can be used as a method of divining the underlying nature of a TCP/IP stack by sending the packets and awaiting and analyzing the responses.
		By observing how a host responds to an odd packet, such as a Christmas Tree packet, assumptions can be made regarding the host's operating system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Christmas_tree_packet (197 words)

	Martian - FOLDOC Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Packets that turn up unexpectedly on the wrong network because of bogus routing entries.
		Also a packet which has an altogether bogus (non-registered or ill-formed) internet address, such as the test loopback interface [127.0.0.1].
		Such a packet will come back labelled with a source address that is clearly not of this earth.
	www.nightflight.com /foldoc-bin/foldoc.cgi?Martian (89 words)

	RFC 1716 - Towards Requirements for IP Routers
		A router MUST NOT originate trailer encapsulated packets without first verifying, using the mechanism described in section 2.3.1 of [INTRO:2], that the immediate destination of the packet is willing and able to Almquist and Kastenholz [Page 30] RFC 1716 Towards Requirements for IP Routers November 1994 accept trailer-encapsulated packets.
		To be certain to detect broadcast packets, therefore, routers are required to check Almquist and Kastenholz [Page 53] RFC 1716 Towards Requirements for IP Routers November 1994 for a link-layer broadcast as well as an IP-layer address.
		If a packet is to be forwarded to a host on a network that is directly connected to the router (i.e., the router is the last-hop router) and the router has ascertained that there is no path to the destination host then the router MUST generate a Destination Unreachable, Code 1 (Host Unreachable) ICMP message.
	www.packetizer.com /rfc/rfc.cgi?num=1716 (15940 words)

	14. LVS-DR
		To allow this packet to be sent to the realserver, it is not neccessary for forwarding must be on in the director (it is turned off by default in 2.2.x, 2.4.x kernels - turning it on is handled by the configure script).
		The martian modification patch allows the director to be the default gw for packets from the realservers.
		Since packets with src_addr are now allowed from the realserver, spoofed packets from the outside, with src_addr=VIP, must be disallowed (you can use filter rules in combination with the name of the NIC connecting to the router - assuming it's a different NIC to the one connecting to the realservers).
	www.ntua.gr /lvsp/Joseph.Mack/HOWTO/LVS-HOWTO.LVS-DR.html (5093 words)

	Mars in the Mind of Earth: Novels - K to Z
		A shipwrecked sailor helps save a Martian in the Antarctic, and is transported back to Mars with the fellow and the rest of his compatriots.
		Later he helps the Martians start negotiating a colony to save their people from a meteor swarm.
		The conquests of the Martian despot continue, until he comes up against a dictaor on the Saturn moons as vicious as he is, whiel the exiled king of Earth hides on Pluto.
	www.marsearth.com /novels/novk2z.html (3308 words)

	LVS Performance, Initial Tests
		The graph at small packet size is a vertical line where transfer time is independant of packet size (the region of slope 1 in the log packetsize - log throughput throughput graph), and at large packet size is a horizontal line where the network is saturated.
		Interestingly the jaggies, with packets just bigger that 65kbytes associated with the tcp race condition, does not happen with the director accepting packets by TP (where packets are accepted by the lo rather than eth0).
		The poles in the netpipe and http tests suggest that assembling packets costs the same no matter how large or small the packet and that the LVS is likely to work with services in which the packet sizes are the reverse of http and ftp, ie request packets are large and replies small (eg ACK).
	www.austintek.com /LVS/performance (7914 words)

	Redirecting ports on localhost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		One of the most useful posts was this one: http://lists.netfilter.org/pipermail/netfilter/2002-November/040104.html In short: by the looks of it you cannot DNAT to localhost as the kernel thinks that it is a martian packet.
		The packet counters in iptables are incremented however: Extract from `iptables -t nat -L -v" 12 720 DNAT tcp -- eth0 any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:3001 to:127.0.0.1:3000 I added two -j LOG rules into the PREROUTING table, one before the DNAT rule and one after.
		If this were a martians problem I would have expected some form of logging output from enabling it.
	lists.netfilter.org /pipermail/netfilter/2004-March/051615.html (782 words)

	EV1Servers Forums - martian source? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Or in other words...someone is spoofing the source address in packets they are sending to your server so they are pretending to be from the local loopback or lo interface.
		The error is triggered as the kernel think "a packet with an impossibel address" left the interface.
		Iv never seen martians that were anything of useful information that some other facility on the server didnt let me know about first.
	forum.ev1servers.net /showthread.php?t=36679 (1197 words)

	RFC 2893 - Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers
		The resulting IPv4 packet might be fragmented by the IPv4 layer on the encapsulating node or by some router along the IPv4 path.
		These packets are addressed to the encapsulating node because it is the IPv4 source of the encapsulated packet.
		When an IPv6 packet is transmitted over a tunnel, the Gilligan and Nordmark Standards Track [Page 18] RFC 2893 IPv6 Transition Mechanisms August 2000 tunnel endpoint address configured for that tunnel is used as the destination address for the encapsulating IPv4 header.
	www.packetizer.com /rfc/rfc.cgi?num=2893 (7329 words)

	6. LVS-DR
		Packets from the realservers with saddr=VIP will be forwarded from the director because VIP is not configured in the Director.
		Normally packets with scr_addr=VIP are rejected as source martians on the director, because the director has the VIP as a local IP.
		If this filtering is enabled, the router MUST silently discard a packet if the interface on which the packet was received is not the interface on which a packet would be forwarded to reach the address contained in the source address.
	www.austintek.com /LVS/LVS-HOWTO/HOWTO/LVS-HOWTO.LVS-DR.html (7929 words)

	ICE-7
		Yes, ICE-7 packets are intended to be given away FREE -- with the purchase of Icehouse Pieces.
		Great though the ICE-7 packets are, there was a major screw-up in the first print run of the cards.
		As soon as we discovered the problem, we devised a way of determining if a packet is good or bad, and pulled all of the bad ones out of circulation.
	wunderland.com /icehouse/ICE7/index.html (492 words)

	SecurityFocus Linux: Re: Martian Source
		-- These are packets that Linux does not expect from the direction they came from (i.e.
		packets from internal hosts coming in on the external interface).
		problem with small packet sizes on x86 hardware is related to...
	www.derkeiler.com /Mailing-Lists/securityfocus/focus-linux/2003-05/0002.html (345 words)

	martianmarathon - Why? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		We are, as you read, racing toward Mars at a speed ~40 times faster than a commercial jet (keep hands and feet inside the vehicle at all times) which means our Martian friends are getting bigger by the second.
		Slow and steady, our Martian friends plod along an outside lane like some "masters division" ultra trail runner, taking twice as long to get to the finish line -- all the while telling everyone how far they can go.
		And this is your only chance (this year) to run a race that guarantees you'll be passing billions of other runners/creatures in the final sprint to the finish line.
	www.martianmarathon.com /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=41&Itemid=87 (421 words)

	Re: Troche NTG, "martian source" w logach
		The term "martian" is used to describe a packet with source or destination IP's for which there is no possible route to send the packet to.
		These can be the result of a node with an errant TCP/IP stack sending packets to the server with a bogus source IP, or it could be something within the server generating packets with a bogus destination IP.
		I believe the first line of the syslog data should read: Feb 15 03:38:54 mail1 kernel: martian source for 127.0.0.1, on dev eth0 Which would say that a packet was received with a real source IP and an destination of 127.0.0.1.
	www.cyberbajt.pl /news/dat/sieciradiowe/2_04/msg01675.html (445 words)

	KarKomaOnline - Martian address errors
		Martian address errors occur when anyone is trying to connect to your system from the internet with incorrect IP addresses, such as non-routable or spoofed IP addresses.
		An IP destination address is invalid if it is among those defined as illegal destinations in 4.2.3.1, or is a Class E address (except 255.255.255.255).
		A router SHOULD NOT forward any packet that has an invalid IP source address or a source address on network 0.
	www.karkomaonline.com /article.php/20030907144623225 (363 words)

	MITRE - News and Events - MITRE Publications - The MITRE Digest - Advanced Research - Interplanetary Internet Bound for ...
		A single packet with its message and all supporting information totally self-contained will be necessary." Limited opportunities for communication and short communication contact times make interactivity between sender and recipient impractical and inefficient.
		A geologist in his earthbound laboratory closely examines a Martian rock—a virtual Martian rock, that is—transported to him from some 35-million miles away courtesy of a soon-to-be-developed, space-borne Internet.
		Back on the Red Planet, a robotic Martian laboratory gently cradles the rock, quickly obeying every test command while relaying constant 3-D imagery and test data to a small constellation of orbiting mini-satellites.
	www.mitre.org /news/digest/advanced_research/08_03/ar_interplanetary_internet.html (1223 words)

	Disney's 'My Favorite Martian' definitely just a kids movie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Yet, when the martian realizes that the reporter is on to him, he makes both himself and his spaceship disappear.
		Nobody will believe that a human is a martian, so O’Hara allows this visitor from outerspace, who he refers to as Uncle Martin, to stay at his house.
		He has a packet that detaches from his suit which allows him to become many different creatures.
	www.csubak.edu /RUNNER/archive/Mar3/feature2.html (582 words)

	Design Space, Nothing But Net :: Astrobiology Magazine ::
		Appropriately the current blitz of Martian landers seems to have shared some complex communication channels of their own, since for the first time they involves the use of a satellite constellation on another planet.
		Packets can fill the transmission channel in the same way that cars can fill a road: one after the other.
		Despite the long round-trip times, the packet method of communication will allow many sources to be multiplexed on a common transport mechanism.
	www.astrobio.net /news/article844.html (2362 words)

	Building a Firewall with OpenBSD 3.0
		Packet forwarding should be turned on (per FAQ 6.1.2) and packet filtering too (per FAQ 6.2).
		Additionally, bring your system up to date with the current patches, per The Errata and Patch List, as there may very well be updates to the base distribution that affect security and/or stability.
		# martians="{ 192.168.0.0/16, 172.16.0.0/12, 10.0.0.0/8, 127.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16, 240.0.0.0/4, 0.0.0.0/32 }" # #first group is internal hosts and the firewall itself, for controlling #the target hosts for which some services are to be opened up.
	www.averillpark.net /OpenBSD/FW-HowTo.html (1105 words)

	[No title]
		martian packets are simply ones the kernel can _easily_ tell are spoofed or otherwise incorrect.
		Then, all you have is a packet that showed up at your Linux host's ethernet interface with a source packet that makes no sense and is invalid in that context.
		Your machine will be pummelled by invalid/malformed packets, attempts to find and exploit known vulnerabilities in in popular software, many times each and every day.
	baud123.free.fr /eagle/Mars_Attacks.txt (1692 words)

	Helix :: Past Masters by Bud Webster
		Humanity is placed under the benign protection of the superior Martians and begins to improve while the Martians (at least the ones here on Earth) get more and more decadent.
		It was the first of his Martian stories, and would lead to his career outside the pulps.
		A human is cybernetically enhanced to survive in the Martian environment, but not for the reasons he thinks.
	www.helixsf.com /pastmasters.htm (3154 words)

	TCP/IP Stack Hardening
		If there is a dangerous type of packet that might be allowed under a strict interpretation of the protocols, but which is currently considered to be risky, the listed commands frequently list how to both ignore inbound packets and refuse to send outbound packets.
		The point is to drop a packet if the source and destination IP addresses in the IP header do not make sense when considered in light of the physical interface on which it arrived.
		A "Martian" packet is one for which the host does not have a route back to the source IP address (it apparently dropped in from Mars).
	www.cromwell-intl.com /security/security-stack-hardening.html (1064 words)

	Paint Creek UUC - Story - Marie and Sam Meet Blothar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Martians were all anyone could talk about at Sam's school the next day.
		She turned to the big Martian who was still waving his guns around.
		Hey, Martian kid, catch." He threw the Frisbee to the Martian child, who deftly caught it in a tentacle.
	www.paintcreek.org /home.php?content_id=BlotharStory (671 words)

	5.3.6 Congestion Control
		When a router receives a packet beyond its storage capacity it must (by definition, not by decree) discard it or some other packet or packets.
		Which packet to discard is the subject of much study but, unfortunately, little agreement so far.
		A router MAY protect fragmented IP packets, on the theory that dropping a fragment of a datagram may increase congestion by causing all fragments of the datagram to be retransmitted by the source.
	www.freesoft.org /CIE/RFC/1812/122.htm (593 words)

	martian source baffling me? - LinuxQuestions.org
		The way I read this is, that a packet came from the squid server claiming to be from the 1.101 address (I don't use that subnet) came in on the firewalls internal interface (x-over cable to squid server).
		It sounds like packet spoofing, but I have protection against that in the firewall.
		Well since the packet is aparently from 192.168.0.56 why not start there and see what may be causing it?
	www.linuxquestions.org /questions/showthread.php?t=52689 (554 words)

	Programming Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Here are the files wumppkt.java, containing the packet format classes, and wclient.java, which contains an outline of the actual program (see below for a slightly different version of the latter).
		You should also have the output written to System.out, and make sure the client stops when a packet with less than 512 bytes of data is received.
		Delays sending packet 1, prompting a duplicate REQ and thus results in multiple server instances on multiple ports.
	www.cs.luc.edu /pld/courses/443/sum01/wump.html (540 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		If the line read: martian source 192.168.0.223 for 192.168.0.2, dev eth1 you might have a clue as to what machine is sending 'martial packets'.
		To really check out it out use this information: The 00:e0:29:40:d3:b9 is the mac address of your ethernet card and 00:00:e8:10:10:f6 is the mac address of the senders ethernet card 08 00 is the type of the ethernet packet, and if memory serves me 0800 is ip.
		However, they may be your clue as to unwanted traffic and/or hosts on your network.
	c0wz.steinkuehler.net /dox/martian.txt (99 words)

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