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Topic: Martin Newell (computer graphics)

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	Visible Storage
		Originally purchased by graduate student Martin Newell in a Salt Lake City, Utah, department store, this ordinary teapot became a famous model used by many pioneers of the computer graphics community.
		In 1964, H. Philip Peterson of Control Data Corporation (CDC) used a CDC 3200 computer and a "flying-spot" scanner to create a digital representation of the Mona Lisa.
		The image contained 100,000 pixels that were plotted using numerals, sometimes overprinted, to approximate the required density and took 14 hours to complete.
	www.computerhistory.org /virtualvisiblestorage/artifact_main.php?tax_id=04.06.02.02 (150 words)

	3d teapot - Information at Halfvalue.com
		The Utah teapot or Newell teapot is a 3D model which has become a standard reference object (and something of an in-joke) in the computer graphics community.
		The teapot model was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah.
		Newell made the mathematical data that describes the teapot's geometry (a set of three-dimensional coordinates) publicly available, and soon other researchers began to use the same data for their computer graphics experiments.
	www.halfvalue.com /wiki.jsp?topic=3d_teapot (1035 words)

	* Computer Graphics - (Computing): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Computer graphics is the field of synthesising or augmenting imagery through digital means, for artistic, engineering, recreational or scientific purposes...
		The first proposed standard for computer graphics, developed by the Graphics Standards Planning Committee of SIGGRAPH and used in the late 1970s and early 1980s...
		FPS is often used to measure the smoothness of real time rendered computer graphics, a higher frame rate is associated with higher quality.
	www.mimihu.com /computing/computer_graphics.html (472 words)

	The Inception of Computer Graphics at the University of Utah 1960s - 1970s
		The late 60's through the 70's at the University of Utah was the golden era of computer graphics research.
		They knew that they were "onto something big" while outsiders at other universities disparaged the work in computer graphics as an illegitimate application of computing machinery.
		Graphics research required manipulating so much data to display images, that it pushed the envelope in computing technology.
	www.silicon-valley.siggraph.org /MeetingNotes/Utah.html (1330 words)

	External Resources for Computer Graphics
		These are some of the people who have created the field of computer graphics, which can be dated from the early 1960's, but the seeds were planted much earlier.
		He had a prodigious memory, which enabled him to continue mathematical work and to compute complex calculations in his head when he was totally blind.
		Computer graphics programming began in chaos with every organization developing their own library of graphics routines.
	www.cs.fit.edu /~wds/classes/graphics/External/external/external.html (1583 words)

	Section 20: Computer graphics icons
		The teapot data was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah.
		Newell needed a moderately simple mathematical model of a familiar object for his work, and his wife's teapot (a Melitta) provided a convenient solution.
		Newell made the mathematical data which describes the teapot's geometry (largely a set of three-dimensional coordinates) publicly available, and soon other researchers began to use the same data for their computer graphics experiments.
	www.accad.ohio-state.edu /~waynec/history/lesson20.html (1278 words)

	Dixie State College -- Computer and Information Technology
		Raster Graphics: Computer graphics in which an image is composed of an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns.
		Bitmap Graphics: A data file or structure which corresponds bit for bit with an image displayed on a screen, probably in the same format as it would be stored in the display's video memory or maybe as a device independent bitmap.
		A bitmap is characterised by the width and height of the image in pixels and the number of bits per pixel which determines the number of shades of grey or colours it can represent.
	cit.cs.dixie.edu /vt/vt1400/graphics.php (1381 words)

	Section 20: Computer graphics icons
		The teapot data was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah.
		Newell needed a moderately simple mathematical model of a familiar object for his work, and his wife's teapot (a Melitta) provided a convenient solution.
		Newell made the mathematical data which describes the teapot's geometry (largely a set of three-dimensional coordinates) publicly available, and soon other researchers began to use the same data for their computer graphics experiments.
	accad.osu.edu /~waynec/history/lesson20.html (1300 words)

	Jef Raskin - A Conversation with Jef Raskin - Ubiquity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		I had been doing computer graphics for many years, and computer art was really hot and in the news.
		I was unimpressed by his thoughts on how computers should work (he said for a long time that the Mac was the "dumbest idea" at Apple and tried repeatedly to kill the project).
		Everybody hates a lot of things about computers, so I’ve been designing a system that is unlike anything currently available, which is far easier to learn and use, and which has the promise of presenting greater stability for the future so that a person does not have to relearn as much or as often.
	jef.raskincenter.org /published/ubiquity.html (5176 words)

	The History of The Teapot.
		The teapot was eventually donated to the Boston Computer Museum but now resides in the Ephemera collection of the Computer History Museum.
		Jim Blinn (in one of his excellent "Mathmatics!" videos) proves an interesting version of Pythagoras' theorum: Construct a (2D) teapot on each side of a right triangle and the area of the teapot on the hypotenuse is equal to the areas of the teapots on the other two sides.
		Martin Newell spoke at a SigGraph presentation in the late '80s and mentioned that of all the things he has done for the world of 3D graphics, the only thing he will be remembered for is "That Damned Teapot".
	www.sjbaker.org /teapot (1483 words)

	¦ 360ok ¦ Glossary ¦ 3D Modelling ¦
		Beginning with a graph-paper sketch of a teapot that he kept on his desk, Newell calculated cubic Bezier splines to create a wireframe model.
		Whether produced on computer or paper, most 3D design relies on 2D representations or "orthographic" views for accurate description of objects and their positioning.
		If you cut away part of an object with marble assigned as its texture, the grain in the cutaway portion matches the grain on the object's exterior: it is all generated by the same program.
	www.360ok.com /glossary.asp?list=HP (844 words)

	RFC 1941 (rfc1941) - Frequently Asked Questions for Schools (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although a computer lab is an easier maintenance set-up for the person in charge of keeping the equipment running and allows each individual (or pair) in an entire class to be using a computer at the same time, a computer located in the classroom is more convenient for both the teacher and the class.
		Computer security is unquestionably important, both in maintaining the security of the school's computers and in ensuring the proper behavior of the school's students (and others who use the network).
		Major topics include "comp" for computer topics, "rec" for recreational topics, "soc" for social topics, "sci" for science topics, etc. Within the major topics are subtopics, such as "rec.music.classical" for classical music, or "sci.med.physics" for discussions relating to the physics of medical science.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1941.html (16980 words)

	Computer Graphics
		Computer Graphics has been widely used, such as graphics presentation, paint systems, computer-aided design (CAD), image processing, simulation and virtual reality, and entertainment.
		From the earliest text character images of a non-graphic mainframe computers to the latest photographic quality images of a high resolution personal computers, from vector displays to raster displays, from 2D input, to 3D input and beyond, computer graphics has gone through its short, rapid changing history.
		In the 1960’s, beginnings of modern interactive graphics, output are vector graphics and interactive graphics.
	www.comphist.org /computing_history/new_page_6.htm (659 words)

	Lucas Digital Media - 3d Graphics, Conceptual Design by Mark Lucas
		Generally, objects that have curved surfaces need to be made up of lots of faces in order that they not look like they are facetted.
		Back in 1974, one of the pioneers of computer graphics, Martin Newell, had been told that he didn't have interesting enough computer "models".
		Maps can be photographs of real surfaces, they can be procural maps, which are computer generated patterns.
	www.lucas-digital.com /design/3dgraphics/making_a_scene.html (486 words)

	CUMINCAD: Paper a301:Geometric Representation in Computer Graphics - Part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Computer graphics is basically the process of drawing pictures of data with a computer.
		It presents an overview of some of the algorithms and data structures commonly used in three dimensional computer graphics
		computer graphics, geometric modeling, solids, algorithms, data structures
	itc.fgg.uni-lj.si /data/cumincad/robots/a301.htm (94 words)

	Utah teapot, the
		This object is historically one of the first complex 3D models to be rendered in computer graphics.
		It consisted of about 110 vertices, and was generated by Martin Newell in 1974 using hand-drawn Bezier curves, based on a real teapot that he and his wife had bought.
		This model served as a basis for comparing various 3D rendering methodologies for lighting, textures, bump-mapping, etc. By the standards of 2002, the model is trivial to render and thus is often not suited to demonstrate the complexity of modern research.
	www.factmonster.com /computers/jargon/U/Utah-teapot.html (141 words)

	[No title]
		Martin Newell's Teapot is the trademark of computer graphics.
		Unless a computer graphics programmer can visualize and sketch with pencil and paper there is little chance for fluency and efficiency in their work.
		Seriously, this is good example of what people do in the field of computational geometry, which is one of the abstract or technical fields behind the applied field of computer graphics.
	new.math.uiuc.edu /math198/blinn (1138 words)

	Teapot Exhibit: SIGGRAPH 2006
		Newell taught my computer graphics class in 1975-76 at the University of Utah.
		Newell's Bézier teapot model was one of the first curved-surface objects available to the computer graphics research community.
		Martin Newell's classic 1975 teapot model contains 28 bicubic Bézier patches, each with 16 3D control points in a 4 x 4 grid.
	old.siggraph.org /s2006/main.php?f=conference&p=teapot&s=28 (587 words)

	The Utah Teapot - University of Utah School of Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The teapot was one of the first free-form models used in computer graphics.
		Since it was created at the University of Utah (by Martin Newell) in 1975, the teapot has become a favorite computer graphics benchmark.
		The teapot symbolizes Utah's distinguished leadership in computer graphics.
	www.cs.utah.edu /school/whyteapot.html (84 words)

	LA SIGGRAPH: Home: HTML version
		The complete, original table setting for the iconic Utah teapot designed by Martin Newell is featured together with the Aluminum Utah Teapot by Gershon Elber and the Plastic Utah Teapot by Steve Sady, all historic benchmarks specially fabricated for this show by Ann Torrence, University of Utah.
		Now, of course, Newell’s original paper is referenced as one of the two or three most important treatises ever written in the field of computer science.
		At teatime, Martin Newell was kind enough to sign it by saying “It was my wife’s idea!”, and went on to explain that after donating her original Melitta teapot to the Boston Computer Museum in 1984 (the very one that inspired his own model), that she demanded a replacement.
	la.siggraph.org /html/articles/teatime_jengrey.html (1565 words)

	Computer Graphics
		Computer animation of the sphere version 32--39 Fred E. Robbins and William G. Green WAVE: interactive color graphics for waveform analysis.
		1--6 Richard B. McCammon An interactive computer graphics approach for dissecting a mixture of normal (or lognormal) distributions.
		G. Schrack Literature in computer graphics for the year 1981: a bibliography.
	www.math.utah.edu /ftp/pub/tex/bib/toc/siggraph.html (6203 words)

	MacKiDo/Innovation/Quartz
		QuickDraw GX was a totally new graphics engine, that had built in support for resolution independence, all sorts of new transforms, transparencies, features and so on.
		PDF is sort of an objectified (grouped) Postscript document that allows for graphics files to be sent to the screen or the printer.
		Arbitrary rotation of vector graphics (drawings) is far easier to do (without artifacts) than arbitrary rotation of raster graphics (bitmaps).
	www.mackido.com /Software/Quartz.html (2943 words)

	Alpha_1 Model Repository
		The way I got the story (this was even before my time as a grad student at Utah) the original teapot was modeled by Martin Newell and rendered by Jim Blinn in 1974 or early 1975.
		The Utah Teapot was the first computer graphics object to be designed and rendered as sculptured surfaces, rather than as a set of polygons.
		However, the very slightly four-lobed cross-sectional shape of the teapot was as close as a cubic Bezier curve could come to representing a circular cross section, reflecting the inability of non-rational Bezier curves to represent conic sections such as circles.
	www.cs.utah.edu /gdc/projects/alpha1/help/man/html/model_repo/model_teapot/model_teapot.html (699 words)

	SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter - SIGGRAPH 98 History Project - August 98
		Martin Newell develops the Utah teapot, the venerable icon of computer graphics.
		Steven Anson Coons, early computer graphics pioneer, dies.
		Portraits in Computer Graphics was shown for the first time and a SIGGRAPH art gallery was opened.
	www.siggraph.org /publications/newsletter/v32n3/contributions/machover2.html (2446 words)

	★ Books by Martin Newell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This artikel Martin_Newell is licensed under the GNU free Documentation License.
		As of 2003, the town had a population of 9,000.Wivenhoe is the home of the poet Martin Newell http://www.btinternet.com/~paul.wilkinson46/faq.html www.btinternet.com/~paul.wilkinson46/faq.html and was home to BAFTA-nominated actress Joan Hickson who played Miss Marple in the BBC adaptations of Agatha Christies novels.
		This artikel Wivenhoe is licensed under the GNU free Documentation License.
	www.booksonlineshop.com /641511_martin-newell_0755102673thislittleziggywherecanifindbooksreview.html (307 words)

	1999 Steven A. Coons Award
		While his primary motivation was to share his bag of computer graphics tricks, his articles were personal, humorous, and above all, models of clear exposition.
		He was the first recipient of the SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Achievement Award for his work in lighting and surface modeling.
		In accepting his honorary Doctorate, Jim stated: "I think that the most import result of the computer graphics revolution is that it has helped heal the gulf between art and science." One cannot talk of the revolution or of the diminishing gulf without thinking of Jim.
	old.siggraph.org /awards/1999/Coons.html (625 words)

	PostScript - Free computer books
		The concepts of the PostScript language were seeded in 1976 when John Warnock was working at Evans and Sutherland, a famous computer graphics company.
		In 1978 Evans and Sutherland asked Warnock to move from the San Francisco Bay Area to their main headquarters in Utah, but he was not interested in moving.
		They rewrote Design System to create JaM (for "John and Martin") which was used for VLSI design and the investigation of type and graphics printing.
	www.computer-books.us /postscript.php (532 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on Blinkbits.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Martin Luther King Bridge (Port Arthur, Texas) (en)
		Martin Luther King High School (Lithonia, Georgia) (en)
		Martin Michel Charles Gaudin, duc de GaÃ¨te (fr)
	www.blinkbits.com /wikifeeds/MA?from=94200 (128 words)

	The Utah Teapot
		The Utah teapot is an extremely frequently used model in computer graphics, and anyone that can program a 3D viewing program should be familiar with the teapot.
		The original teapot, from Martin Newell's PhD thesis, consisted of 28 Bezier patches.
		This one is also 32 patches, but instead of adding a bottom with the four patches, a rim has been added.
	www.holmes3d.net /graphics/teapot (513 words)

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