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Topic: Mashua

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	Mashua - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The mashua or añu is a perennial plant grown in the Andes for its edible tuber.
		Mashua has also been used to treat nephropathy and as a diuretic.
		Popularization of mashua may be limited by its strong flavor, and its reputation as an anti-aphrodisiac.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mashua (210 words)

	Ethnobotanical Leaflets
		Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón 1802), also known as isanu, cubio, añu, ysaño, or puel, is a tuber crop indigenous to the Andean highlands and is of economic value as a food and medicinal crop.
		Mashua is cultivated in the Andes of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, and Venezuela (Gibbs et al., 1978).
		Mashua is a favored tuber crop in some Andean farm communities because it is the easier and less labor intensive root crop to grow, and is almost unaffected by poor management (NRC, 1989).
	www.siu.edu /~ebl/leaflets/mashua.htm (2081 words)

	EFFECTS OF N, P AND K NUTRITION ON GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF MASHUA PLANTS GROWN IN SAND
		After potato, ulluco and oca; mashua is an important carbohydrate resource in the diet of the highland people of Peru.
		To establish N, P and K uptake, mashua plants were grown under simulated marginal nutritional and winter conditions at the International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru.
		Mashua absorbs K efficiently even under marginal nutritional conditions, taking up sufficient K but neither N nor P. The highest N, P and K uptakes were obtained in low K treatment.
	www.actahort.org /books/554/554_13.htm (293 words)

	Keepers of the Seeds
		Mashua, sharp-flavored and with medicinal uses, is a nasturtium.
		With it as a resource, he and his collaborators at Penn State and at the universities of Lima, Ayacucho, and Cusco are characterizing the genetic diversity of the plants, developing methods to conserve the many varieties in gene banks, analyzing the plants' nutritional value, and studying their viability in different soils, altitudes, and planting regimes.
		As she writes in a memo, "Although we are only beginning to scratch the surface in trying to understand the factors that affect the maintenance of tuber diversity in Picol, it is interesting to note that there appears to be a positive correlation between what could be called "tuber literacy' and high tuber diversity.
	www.rps.psu.edu /jan97/keepers.html (5207 words)

	Mashua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mashua is tailored to the needs of resource-poor mountain people.
		In trials in Ayacucho, Peru, and Turrialba, Costa Rica, the nutritional value of mashua was shown to equal or surpass that of cereals.
		Despite its apparent value, however, mashua is little used, possibly because of its reputed effects as an anti-aphrodisiac or because of its strong flavor, which is somewhat of an acquired taste.
	www.cipotato.org /artc/cipcrops/mashua.htm (186 words)

	IPGRI Publication : Mashua Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruíz & Pav. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is hoped that the information compiled will contribute to: (1) identifying constraints in and possible solutions to the use of the crops, (2) identifying possible untapped genetic diversity for breeding and crop improvement programmes and (3) detecting existing gaps in available conservation and use approaches.
		Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum R. & P.), along with several potato species (Solanum spp.), ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus Caldas) and oca (Oxalis tuberosa Molina), pertains to the group of edible tuber crops indigenous to the cool-temperate Andes.
		Mashua is economically much less important than the other Andean tuber crops, but, as this monograph is intended to show, the crop’s potential has been largely overlooked and opportunities for wider use within its native range and beyond have remained unexplored (Fano and Benavides 1992; Hermann and Heller 1997).
	www.ipgri.cgiar.org /publications/pubfile.asp?ID_PUB=880 (229 words)

	New Page 1
		In sumary, the principal crops are red onion, potato, barley, and melloco and as selfsubsistance oca and mashua.
		In mashua there are two ecotypes, yellow and yellow squash as very frequent and frequent, respectively; for potato there exist three ecotypes, chilca, Santa Rosa, and tunca with the three categories, respectively (Table 8).
		On the basis of the data obtained through the quantification of the genetic erosion of TAs and of seed exhibition Las Huaconas was corroborated as a microcenter for in situ conservation activities.
	www.condesan.org /e-foros/insitu2001/C.Tapia-english.htm (4544 words)

	Why is this plant not eaten by Andean men? - Herbal Folklore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavon) [tro pe o' lum tu ber' o sum] is a little known relative of the garden nasturtium.
		But mashua is also useful in the garden; intercropped with other vegetables, it repels insect pests and nematodes.
		Mashua is believed an anti-aphrodisiac, even the Inca required all soldiers to consume the tubers.
	www.killerplants.com /herbal-folklore/20020610.asp (303 words)

	Mashua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Like ulluco and oca, mashua is found in small plots, by itself or intercropped with other plants, from Colombia to northern Argentina.
		Mashua is used for food and in folk medicine.
		In southern Colombia, mashua is prepared in a dish with onions, peppers, and eggs.
	www.cipotato.org /Market/ARTguide/artguide3.htm (174 words)

	SWIOP/WP/60 Census of the Marine Fishing Units of Zanzibar in 1989
		On Unguja, for example the dau was shared in 24 % of the cases whereas the gear carried on this type of boat was shared in as much as 72 % of the cases.
		The main concentrations of units were found on the West coast of the North A Region and to a lesser extent at Zanzibar town and South along the West coast of the Central and West Regions.
		The common boat types on the West coast were the mtumbwi (71.0 %), dau (19.9 %) and mashua (10.0 %); and on the East coast the ngalawa (60.0 %) and mashua (17.0 %).
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/307035/30703501.htm (5523 words)

	Plant Biology '99
		Isolation and characterization of defense proteins from mashua tubers.
		Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), a tuber crop from the Andean highlands of Peru, is thought by the farmers to have high resistance against pathogens.
		To test for putative defense proteins, total protein extracts from tubers of Mashua were assayed against a different array of bacteria and fungi pathogens.
	abstracts.aspb.org /pb1999/public/P49/0556.shtml (277 words)

	McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program Crop Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Potato is usually planted with or before oca, ulluco, and mashua.
		Similarly, mashua is widely grown in diverse varieties from central Peru to central Bolivia.
		Mashua tubers have high levels of glucosinolates, which produce isothiocyanates upon the action of the enzyme myrosinase.
	mcknight.ccrp.cornell.edu /ccrpE/projects/andeantubers/crop_andean_tubers.html (460 words)

	Penn State Agriculture Magazine
		Unlike oca and mashua, which are sometimes considered "poor people's foods," ullucos are marketed in cities and are widely consumed.
		Mashua, tubers related to the nasturtium, taste more pungent--their flavor is reminiscent of watercress or radishes.
		For instance, she learned that mashua is more pest-resistant than the other tubers; that's why the farmers can leave it in the ground longer.
	aginfo.psu.edu /PSA/ws98/foods.html (4683 words)

	Active Skim View of: Mashua
		It is a hardy plant, and in the poorest regions, where pesticides and fertilizers are too costly to use, mashua is sometimes the prevalent root crop.
		Although high yielding and particularly high in vitamin C, mashua is not as palatable as other tubers, and where people have access to rice, noodles, and sugar, it tends to be abandoned more readily than other traditional crops.
		10 AGRONOMY Mashua is one of the common terrace crops of the Andes.
	www.nap.edu /nap-cgi/skimit.cgi?recid=1398&chap=66-73 (359 words)

	South American Designer Potatoes
		Tubers such as oca, ulluco and mashua have similarities to potatoes in terms of their ecological requirements, cropping systems and uses.
		Mashua: Like ulluco and oca, mashua is intercropped with other plants, and can be found from northern Argentina to Colombia.
		Mashua is commonly used in food and folk medicine.
	www.bonkworld.org /index.php?action=show_content&id=19 (1325 words)

	John Chapter 6 - Swahili New Testament Bible - SpeedBible - johnhurt.com
		Walifurahi kumchukua Yesu katika mashua; na mara mashua ikawasili nchi kavu walipokuwa wanakwenda.
		Kesho yake umati wa watu wale waliobaki upande wa pili wa ziwa walitambua kwamba kulikuwa na mashua moja tu pale, na Yesu hakuingia katika mashua pamoja na wanafunzi wake, ila wanafunzi hao walikuwa wamekwenda zao peke yao.
		Mashua nyingine kutoka Tiberia zilifika mahali hapo watu walipokula ile mikate, Bwana alipokwisha mshukuru Mungu.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /dominus-vobiscum/Swahili/B43C006.htm (897 words)

	Seeds of Change
		But there are others, mashua, oca, ulluco – root and tuber crops that were used by the Incas and are still grown and eaten today by subsistence farmers high in the Andes, like the villagers of Picol.
		Some varieties of these minor tubers, the oca, mashua, and ulluco, are so sweet and tasty you can eat them during harvest, right out of the ground.
		Mashua is in the same family as the nastertium, Tropacolaceae, and has the same bite to it.
	www.rps.psu.edu /sep98ug/peru.html (3994 words)

	LA MOLINA - POTATO PROGRAM
		Andean tuber crops such as oca, olluco and mashua are among the numerous valuable species inherited from our ancestors.
		These constitute one of the food bases on the Andean inhabitant and in many cases are a substitute to potatoes.
		Also, mashua tubers are eaten after freezing, washing and drying to obtain a product called "Tcayacha".
	www.lamolina.edu.pe /investigacion/programa/papa/ev_TUBEROSA.htm (291 words)

	Growing Diversity \| www.grain.org/gd/
		Since the 1950s, efforts by the state and by development agencies to introduce commercially-bred varieties, particularly of potatoes, has led to a gradual loss of biodiversity in the Quebrada Honda region, located between 3,500-4,000 meters above sea level.
		For a long time, peasants there have farmed the diversity of native tubers (potatoes, oca, olluco andÂ mashua) that they still conserve.
		This region still possesses 109 varieties of potatoes, 49 varieties of oca, 12 varieties of mashua, 19 varieties of olluco, 26 varieties of corn, 6 varieties of quinoa, 5 varieties of achis, and 30 varieties of beans.
	www.grain.org /gd/en/case-studies/cases/la-abstract-peru-en.cfm (314 words)

	Research/Penn State - January 1997 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For the Quechua of Peru, the link between people and plants is as ancient as the Incan Empire.
		Along with the potato, oca, ulluco, and mashua, the so-called "Andean minor tubers," once fed a civilization of 12 million.
		But pressures to modernize are changing the face of agriculture in the Andean highlands.
	www.rps.psu.edu /jan97 (226 words)

	[No title]
		20 Yesu akawaita mara, nao wakamwacha baba yao Zebedayo katika mashua pamoja na wafanyakazi, wakamfuata.
		Umati mkubwa wa watu ulimzunguka hata ikambidi aingie katika mashua na kuketi.
		16:5-12) \ie 14 Wanafunzi walikuwa wamesahau kuchukua mikate; walikuwa na mkate mmoja tu katika mashua.
	www.anomalies.net /archive/ftp_archives/ftp.mc.hik.se/wiretap-library/Religion/Bible/Swahili/marko.asc (10628 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Mashua Restaurant offers sumptuous buffets with different themes for dinners.
		The Mashua also serves breakfast for all guests.
		On the outdoor terrace is the Captain's Table, where a member of our senior staff entertains guests each evening.
	www.dallagotours.com /k_h_voyager.htm (206 words)

	DW-WORLD.DE - MORONI : Mashua iliopotea yapatikana abiria wake 61 wako salama
		Mashua ya Comoro ambayo ilikuwa haijulikani ilipo wiki iliopita ikiwa na abiria 61 imepatikana kaskazini mashariki ya visiwa hivyo.
		Waziri wa Uchukuzi wa Comoro Mohamed Chatur Badaoui amesema mashua hiyo ilionekana na ndege ya msako hapo jana kaskazini mashariki ya kisiwa cha Grande Comoro mojawapo ya kisiwa kinachounda visiwa vya Comoro.
		Mashua hiyo ambayo iliondoka bandari ya Madagascar ya Majunga kuelekea Moroni ilipotea wiki iliopita baada ya wafanyakazi kurepoti kushindwa kwa engine kufanya kazi na baadae kupoteza mawasiliano na maafisa wa bandari ya Moroni.
	www2.dw-world.de /kiswahili/Habari/2.127775.15.html (188 words)

	[No title]
		\par }{\i Target species}{:\tab Maize, Potato, Quinua, Arracacha, and Bean \par }{\i Associated species}{:\tab Oca, Olluco, Mashua, Yac\'f3n, Tree tomato, Chiclayo, and Kiwicha.
		\par }{\i Associated species}{:\tab Kiwicha, Oca, Olluco, Mashua, Tarwi, Tumbo, and Tree tomato.
		\par }{\i Associated species}{:\tab Oca, Olluco, Mashua, Tarwi, and Calabaza.
	www.gefweb.org /WPROGRAM/Oct98/UNDP/perannex.doc (1587 words)

	African Safaris & Travel \| Kenyan Safaris \| Tanzania Safaris
		The Voyager Beach Resort has four restaurants catering to a wide variety of tastes and appetites.
		The Mashua serves breakfast for all guests between 7-10am.
		On the outdoor terrace is the Captain's Table, where the resort's senior staff entertains guests each evening.
	kenya.com /lodge.asp?id=87 (313 words)

	Taunggyi, Myanmar (Burma), www.LodgingMyanmar.Com
		For those interested in the Shan State’s cultures, the modest Shan State Museum and Shan State Library near the Taunggyi Hotel are worth a visit.
		There’s a cheroot factory called Flying Tiger Mashua on a side street south of the Myodaw Cinema.
		The handrolling technique is impressive, and ciger bundlers are able to bunch 50 cigers in bundles.
	www.lodgingmyanmar.com /taunggyi.html (153 words)

	Study of glucosinolates from Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum).
		In the latter family, mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), a tuber crop from the Andean highlands of Peru, has been reported to contain glucosinolates at high levels.
		The prevalent glucosinolates of mashua were observed to contain aromatic and indolyl groups.
		To investigate whether mashua glucosinolates play a role in insect- plant interactions, tests were done with aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi).
	abstracts.aspb.org /pb2000/public/P43/0904.html (237 words)

	[Permaculture International] Re: growing your own food (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sorry it's taken me so long to follow up on this: Toby (or anyone), can you comment on growing yacon, oca and mashua, particularly how they compare in cultivation and preparation to jerusalem artichoke?
		And if mashua is worth it, any sources?
		I found jerusalem artichoke very easy to grow and enjoyable to eat, but the tubers small and fiddley in preparation (I peeled them), and in stir-fried leftovers they turned an unappealing brown...
	openpermaculture.org /pipermail/permaculture_openpermaculture.org/2005-April/000098.html (184 words)

	Ethnobotanical Leaflets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Also included in this issue are color photos by Carlos Ochoa of Peruivan maize cobs, chile peppers, zapote (Manilkara zapota), common bean, capuli (Physalis peruviana) and mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum).
		Spring 1999: vanilla, mahogany, taro, cattails, broccoli, the rubber tree, fl mustard and tomato, and photographs by Carlos Ochoa of Peruvian maize, yacon, kiwicha and passiflora.
		Summer 1999: chicle (Manilkara zapota), mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), virola, Irish potato famine, herbal supplements, strychnine and vanilla.
	www.siu.edu /~ebl/toc.htm (253 words)

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