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Topic: Masked Shrew

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	shrew. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A belief that the shrew’s bite is poisonous was dismissed for years as a folk tale, but has since been substantiated: the saliva of at least one species of shrew is lethal to mice and can cause considerable pain to humans.
		Shrews are found in Europe, Asia, North and Central America, and N South America.
		The giant water shrew of Africa is not a true shrew but an insectivore related to the tenrec.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sh/shrew.html (498 words)

	SUNY-ESF: Adirondack Ecological Center
		Even astute biologists confuse the pygmy shrew with the abundant masked shrew which it closely resembles, and positive identification in the field is difficult.
		In hand, the pygmy shrew, which averages 89 mm (3.5 in) in length, has a relatively shorter tail than the masked shrew (about a third of its total length), relatively smaller feet, and a blunter snout.
		Ryan, J.M. Dietary overlap in sympatric populations of pygmy shrews, Sorex hoyi, and masked shrews, Sorex cinereus, in Michigan.
	www.esf.edu /aec/adks/mammals/pygmy_shrew.htm (720 words)

	Pennsylvania Game Commission - State Wildlife Management Agency: Shrews
		Masked shrews inhabit wooded areas, living under rocks logs and in the leaf litter, often in swamps or along stream banks or spring runs.
		Masked shrews spend most of their lives in underground runways they construct, or in the tunnels of mice or other small mammals.
		Masked shrews eat insects, worms, centipedes, slugs, snails, mollusks and spiders, vegetable matter such as moss and seeds, and carrion.
	www.pgc.state.pa.us /pgc/cwp/view.asp?a=458&q=150573 (1867 words)

	AllRefer.com - shrew (Vertebrate Zoology) - Encyclopedia
		Shrews include the smallest mammals; the smallest shrews are under 2 in.
		Shrews must eat incessantly in order to stay alive; most will starve to death if deprived of food for half a day.
		Shrews live about 15 months and reproduce rapidly, bearing up to four litters a year, with up to eight young in a litter.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/shrew.html (538 words)

	Masked Shrew - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Masked Shrew (Sorex cinereus) is a small shrew found in Alaska, Canada, the northern United States, and northeastern Siberia.
		This is the most widely distributed shrew in North America where it is also known as the Common Shrew.
		It is grey-brown in colour with a light grey underside.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Masked_Shrew (262 words)

	Wildlife Bulletin - Shrews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Because of their secretive nature, many shrews are largely unknown to the general public, and the rarer species are poorly known even to naturalists and mammalogists.
		These shrews are rare among mammals in that they are venomous (European Water Shrews, Neomys fodiens, also are venomous), the venom being similar to that of cobras, which is released through openings near the base of the incisors.
		These shrews also are known for their habit of entering beehives to eat bee larvae and pupae, thus giving the species the name "bee shrew" among beekeepers.
	www.wildlifeinfo.org /KRCP/wildlifebulletin16.htm (1194 words)

	Shrews
		With an average length of 85 mm, the pigmy shrew is one of the smallest mammals in the world, and one of the rarer of the American small mammals (Banfield 1974).
		Smaller, slimmer, and greyer than the masked shrew, and with a decidedly shorter tail, certain identification of a pigmy shrew depends on the presence of two tiny and three large unicuspid teeth in the upper jaw.
		Several of the shrews that are known or might be expected from Vuntut National Park are illustrated in Figure 12.1a.
	yukon.taiga.net /vuntutrda/mammals/shrews.htm (704 words)

	SUNY-ESF: Adirondack Ecological Center
		The masked shrew is intermediate in size between the smaller, more slender pygmy shrew and the larger, stockier smoky shrew.
		This shrew is found in all terrestrial habitats, natural or disturbed, from the lowest to highest elevations in the Adirondack Park, but is most abundant in cool, moist places within mixed forests, bogs, and swamp edges.
		Although Eurasian shrews exhibit variations of this behavior, the masked shrew may be the only North American species to engage in it.
	www.esf.edu /aec/adks/mammals/masked_shrew.htm (953 words)

	Canadian Biodiversity: Species: Mammals: Masked Shrew (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The masked shrew is commonly and widely distributed throughout Canada.
		Masked shrews feed mainly on insects, invertebrates, earthworms and centipedes, and vegetable matter.
		Masked shrews have also been known to feed on the nestlings of birds.
	www.canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca /english/species/mammals/mammalpages/sor_cin.htm (88 words)

	Canadian Biodiversity: Species: Mammals: Masked Shrew (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The masked shrew is commonly and widely distributed throughout Canada.
		Masked shrews feed mainly on insects, invertebrates, earthworms and centipedes, and vegetable matter.
		Masked shrews have also been known to feed on the nestlings of birds.
	canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca /english/species/mammals/mammalpages/sor_cin.htm (88 words)

	Critter Control
		The shrew is a small, mouse-sized mammal with an elongated snout, a dense fur of uniform color, small eyes, and five clawed toes on each foot.
		Shrews are similar to mice except that mice have four toes on their front feet, larger eyes, bicolored fur, and lack an elongated snout.
		Shrews usually do not live longer than 1 to 2 years, but they have 1 to 3 litters per year with 2 to 10 young per litter.
	www.crittercontrol.com /?doc=resources_af_shrews (1190 words)

	Keystone Wild!Notes Spring 2006 - Creatures and Features - Tiny Terrors
		This shrew, known for its ferociousness and poisonous saliva, bites its prey in the throat or face, and sometimes eats its victim while it is still alive.
		Unlike other shrews, its hind feet are fringed with feathery fur, which help the animal paddle while swimming as well as allow it to walk on water.
		This shrew is one of North America's rarest mammals, as well as its tiniest, with a body length of 31/8 to 37/8 inches and a tail length of 11/8 to 13/8.
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /wrcf/wildnotes/spring06/creaturefeatures2.html (658 words)

	Prevention and control of damage caused by shrews
		Shrews are similar to mice except that mice have four toes on their front feet, larger eyes, bicolored fur, and lack an elongated snout.
		Rather than reduce the shrew population outside to prevent this, simply monitor locations regularly used by your cat, and dispose of dead shrews by placing a plastic bag over your hand, picking up the dead animal, turning the bag inside out while holding the shrew, sealing the bag, and discarding it with the garbage.
		To counteract this, a shrew would be walled up in an ash tree (a ‘shrew ash’), and then a twig taken from the tree would be brushed onto the suffering animal to relieve the pain.
	icwdm.org /handbook/mammals/Shrews.asp (2279 words)

	Shrew Online Reports
		Masked shrew, dusky shrew and least shrew are all rare and seem to have a limited distribution.
		The pygmy shrew is perhaps unable to compete with it's larger brother, and may have to subsist in poorer habitats.
		Shrews are vulnerable to changes in environmental conditions, and are sometimes exposed to high mortality.
	members.vienna.at /shrew/online-frafjord.html (2502 words)

	Contiguous allopatry of the masked shrew and southeastern shrew in the Southern Appalachians: segregation along an ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Contiguous allopatry of the masked shrew and southeastern shrew in the Southern Appalachians: segregation along an elevational and habitat gradient
		Masked shrews only occur in the Blue Ridge at high elevations x = 1,069.6 m), primarily in mesic cove hardwood, northern hardwood, and montage streamside forests.
		Southeastern shrews and masked shrews are allopatric in the Southern Appalachians except in the Blue Ridge, where the species exhibits contiguous allopatry, based on elevation and habitat associations.
	www.srs.fs.usda.gov /pubs/viewpub.jsp?index=3192 (523 words)

	Shrew - Do It Yourself Pest Control at cooperseeds.com
		Shrews do occur in urban and suburban areas, particularly where the residential landscaping or surrounding natural vegetation supports high populations of the shrewsâ preferred foods.
		The presence of shrews in large numbers may indicate that household pests such as mice or large insects are also present.
		Shrews usually do not live longer than 1 to 2 years, but they have 1 to 3 litters per year with 2 to 10 young per litter.
	www.cooperseeds.com /shrew.php3?cartid=5fa3ff5f44da1bec_340 (1750 words)

	BioKIDS - Kids' Inquiry of Diverse Species, Critter Catalog, Sorex cinereus, masked shrew
		Masked shrews are the second smallest shrew species in North America, pygmy shrews are slightly smaller.
		Masked shrews avoid being preyed upon by staying under cover and being active mostly at night, they are rarely seen.
		The Masked Shrew, Sorex cinereus, in a Relictual Habitat of the Southern Applachian Mountains.
	www.biokids.umich.edu /critters/Sorex_cinereus (784 words)

	Miniature but Mighty
		Shrews dig their own tunnels in open grassy or brushy areas, but they also use tunnels made by mice and moles.
		Shrews are active throughout the year at all times of the day and night, and they rest or sleep on and off, often sleeping together in piles to keep warm.
		The shrews nested in the hives and ate the bees.
	mdc.mo.gov /kids/out-in/1998/3/3.html (1235 words)

	Sorex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The genus Sorex is a group of mainly land-dwelling shrews with relatively long tails which includes many of the common shrews of Europe and North America.
		They are red-toothed shrews; species in this group have 32 teeth.
		In some species, a female shrew and her dependent young form "caravans" where each shrew grasps the rear of the shrew in front when changing location.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sorex (157 words)

	Shrews - Department of Environment - Government of Yukon
		A shrews high rate of metabolism is characterized by a heartbeat of 1200 beats per minute -- the same as that of a hovering hummingbird.
		The masked shrew is about 10 cm long from nose to tail and has five single-cusped teeth (like human eye teeth) in the upper jaw.
		This tiniest of shrews is the smallest of North Americas mammals and competes with a South American shrew and bumblebee bat of Thailand for the title of the worlds smallest mammal.
	www.environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca /shrews.html (1135 words)

	Ryan Beaman
		The masked shrew is very similar to the common mouse or rat, except the masked shrew's heartbeats 800 times per minute, making it warmer and more active.
		The masked shrew lives such a short life and is constantly on the move, so it is rare to have parasites or phoretics living on it.
		The masked shrew will and does fight with mammals that are twice its size, they eat bugs like there is no tomorrow, and they fight to death with other mammals then steal the burrow of the dead as if it were a palace.
	www.unk.edu /acad/biology/hoback/bio109/best3.html (635 words)

	Shrews: Minnesota DNR
		Shrews are often confused with mice, but a close look reveals some distinct differences.
		Shrews have tiny, but very sharp teeth which they can use to bite and tear flesh.
		This shrew thrives along meadow streams and bogs of the northern three-fourths of the state.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /mammals/shrews/index.html (335 words)

	Environmental Services Division
		Masked shrews eat a variety of foods including worms, spiders, snails, slugs, and some vegetable matter (DeGraaf and Rudis, 1987).
		Masked shrews were only collected at wetland transects; here the effort required to collect one specimen fell to 76.6 trap-nights of effort.
		Terrestrial transect yielded one masked shrew in an unbaited pit trap.
	www.bnl.gov /esd/wildlife/Mammals.htm (1765 words)

	SHREWS & MOLES
		Shrews, more primitive than rodents, have a smaller brain, and, like reptiles, many species, including the northern short-tailed and the least shrew, have both genital and urinary tracts merge into a single opening called a cloaca.
		Shrews are generally extremely solitary with no tolerance of others of either sex, except for a short breeding period.
		The Maryland shrew was originally described as a distinct species, but in 1911, it was relegated to a subspecies of the masked shrew, where it remained until work in the late 1970's and 80's gave it a species status, which it tenuously still maintains now, amid much technical debate.
	www.bobpickett.org /order_insectivora.htm (8214 words)

	NPWRC :: Masked Shrew
		The masked shrew is the smallest and most common shrew in North Dakota.
		This shrew can be found statewide in a variety of moist habitats including deciduous forests, marshes, grassy bogs, or riparian areas.
		Masked shrews may be active at any time of the day or night.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/mammals/mammals/mskshrew.htm (214 words)

	Shrews (Family Soricidae) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Upon encountering small prey the shrew catches it with its mouth, the front paws being used to manipulate the prey while it is being eaten.
		When young shrews move from place to place, each shrew puts its nose in the rump fur of the shrew in front of it.
		Some studies indicate that the size of the preferred food items of shrews is correlated with their body size; this species thus probably feeds on small prey.
	www.ksr.ku.edu /libres/Mammals_of_Kansas/sorex-hay.html (698 words)

	bootstrap analysis: shrew party
		Shrews are generally solitary animals, territorial and aggressive toward their own kind.
		The common shrew in my area, the Masked Shrew (Sorex cinereus), is noted for being especially voracious and intolerant of companionship.
		As you may have guessed, these shrew aggregations are presumed to be mating parties, but little is known about the behavior as it is seldom observed (my list of literature and references therein make up most of the published accounts).
	www.bootstrap-analysis.com /2007/05/shrew_party.html (969 words)

	Phylogeography of Masked (Sorex Cinereus) and Smoky Shrews (Sorex Fumeus) in the Southern Appalachians - Science - ...
		Phylogeography of Masked (Sorex Cinereus) and Smoky Shrews (Sorex Fumeus) in the Southern Appalachians
		What structure is present among masked shrew populations is randomized geographically, in contrast to a distinct association between genetic partitioning and geographic location among smoky shrew populations.
		Population subdivision was analyzed for masked and smoky shrews between all populations; between populations north and south of the French Broad River, a presumptive migratory barrier; and between the 8 disjunct spruce-fir islands.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/102759/phylogeography_of_masked_sorex_cinereus_and_smoky_shrews_sorex_fumeus/index.html (6125 words)

	Shrew Skull
		Shrew Skull - Shrews are small, mostly insectivorous mammals that comprise about 6.5% of all mammal species.
		There are 32 species of shrews found in North America including one of the only venomous mammals, the Short-tailed shrew.
		Shrews have a very high metabolism and must eat large quantities of insects daily thus making them valuable to agricultural areas.
	www.skullsunlimited.com /Shrew_Skull.html (101 words)

	Masked shrew
		The Name "Shrew": "Shrew" comes from the Middle English word "shrewe," for the animal.
		Active both day and night, mostly after dusk and at dawn, the masked shrew forages in the forest litter and even under winter snow since it does not hibernate.
		Go to the Shrew Index to study other types of shrews.
	www.americazoo.com /goto/index/mammals/43.htm (288 words)

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