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	Masuria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Of the Masurian population in 1890 143,397 gave German as their language (either primary or secondary), 152,186 Polish, and 94,961 Masurian.
		Most of the population fled to Germany or were killed during the war, while the rest were subject to "nationality verification" organized by the communist government of Poland.
		Soon after 1956, some Masurians were given the opportunity to join their families in West Germany.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Masuria (905 words)

	Masuria - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In 1890 143,397 of Masurians gave German as their language (either first or second), 152,186 Polish, and 94,961 Masurian.
		In 1910, the German language was given by 197,060, Polish by 30,121, and Masurian by 171,413.
		After WW I, the League of Nations held a plebiscite in 1920 as to whether the people of the two southern districts of East Prussia wanted to remain within East Prussia or to join the state of Poland: 97.5% voted to remain with East Prussia.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Mazury (688 words)

	Talk:Mazur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Masurians remained facefull Prussian-Germans, when after WW I by the Treaty of Versailles large German territories in the east was handed over to Poland by the allies.
		After WW II a large part of Masurians along with millions of other Germans were forced out of their homeland, which was divided between Poland and Soviet Union.
		Some Eastprussian inhabitants of the Masurian region managed to stay, despite greatest hardships and severe persecutions by the communist Polish administation, which took over eastern Germany in 1945.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Mazur (1136 words)

	Mazur - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Between the 16th and 17th centuries, settlers from northern Mazovia moved to former teritories of the Old Prussians following their conquest by the knights of the Teutonic Order.
		Because of the influx of Masovians into the southern Masurian Lakeland of Ducal Prussia the area started to be known as Masuria (Polish: Mazury, German: Masuren).
		During the Reformation Masurians, like most of Ducal Prussia, became Lutheran Protestants, while Masovia remained Roman Catholic.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Masurians (314 words)

	Gołdap (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In the town in the late middle ages there were majority of Lithuanians and a minority of Germans and Masurians; surroundings were Lithuanian as well.
		After the war the town, together with a large part of East Prussia, was granted to Poland and a large part of its inhabitants was resettled to West Germany.
		The remaining Masurians were soon joined by Poles transferred from the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Goldap.htm (535 words)

	Mazury (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Germanisation was slowly and mainly done by education: after the unification of the province with Germany, in 1872 Polishlanguage was removed from schools.
		In 1910, the German language was given by197,060, Polish by 30,121, and Masurian by 171,413.
		After WW I, the League of Nations held a plebiscite in 1920 as to whetherthe people of the two southern districts of East Prussia wanted to remain within East Prussia or to join the state of Poland:97.5% voted to remain with East Prussia.
	www.therfcc.org /mazury-209307.html (682 words)

	masurians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Their name derives from Lekhitic tribe of Masovians (Mazowszanie) who gave their name to the land of Mazovia (Mazowsze.
		In the Middle ages the inhabitans of northern part of Masovia started be called Masurians.
		Between XIV and XVII centuries settlers from northern Mazovia moved to former teritories of Old Prussians following their conquest by Teutonic Order.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Masurians.html (119 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Together with Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast to the north, the region used to be called East Prussia, a German exclave before World War II.
		As in other parts of northern Poland, from Pomerania on the Odra river to the Vistula (Wisła) river, one continuous stretch of lakes makes it a beautiful holiday location.
		Germanisation was slowly and mainly done by education: in 1872 Polish language was removed from schools.
	www.askmytutor.co.uk /m/ma/masuria.html (659 words)

	Lutherhjälpen: the First Fifty Years 4.Refugee Aid
		He was the type of person who took on a challenge, however difficult or impossible it seemed to be.
		This happened also to the Masurians, although their predecessors had lived there for 500 years.
		By being Lutherans and German-speaking they were ostracised, especially at the end of the war when Poland was forced into the Soviet sphere of influence.
	www.svenskakyrkan.se /lutherhjalpen/lh50eng/lh50eng4.htm (1890 words)

	Memo: Myron Taylor --> Miss Tully 6/12/44
		According to the census of May 1939 the population was 2, 496, 017 persons.
		According to teh census of 1925 -- the most reliable index of linguistic distribution-- the polish population of East Prussia was 40, 502, to which might be added the 62,596 Masurians, Slavs who speak a dialect akin to Polish, residing in the district of Allenstein.
		Polish sources estimate the Polish population of East Prussia at upwards of 400,000.
	www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu /psf/box52/t469k20.html (383 words)

	First European Christian Polygamy Page: Stan's Personal Page: 12. My Lost World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		It consisted of Germans, Poles, Kashubs (in northern West Prussia), Masurians (in southern East Prussia), Schlonzaks (in Upper Silesia), Lithuanians (in northern East Prussia) and Sorbs (in Brandenburg), with smatterings of English, Scottish, French and Dutch (in West and East Prussia).
		So thoroughly did the Slavic peoples like the Masurians consider themselves Prussian that when given the chance to join Poland or stay in Germany in July 1920, they voted en masse to remain a part of the Reich...
		When the victorious Soviet Red Army swept through East Prussia in 1944, the memorial was demolished by the Poles, and the native Slavic Masurians de-Prussianised by force or were expelled to the remains of Western and Central of Germany.
	www.nccg.org /fecpp/Stan12-LostWorld.html (2030 words)

	Encyclopedia: East Prussia
		The following counties in the province had a large number of Mazurs and Warmiaks, accordingly Protestant and Catholic Polish ethnic groups, speaking a dialect akin to Polish from Masovia.
		Percentage according to a German census of 1900: Mazurs are Polish ethnic group from Mazovia (Catholics) or East Prussia (Protestant), the latter often called Masurians in English.
		The Warmiak are a Polish ethnic group from Warmia, mostly Roman Catholics.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/East-Prussia (3681 words)

	Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte \| Zusammenfassung Heft 1/2002
		The fate of this church hinged on the attitudes of the Polish authorities, the Masurian activists and the church leaders.
		Particularly difficult was the organization of the various church agencies in Masuria, and the changing relationships with the Methodists, and particularly with the United Church.
		The so-called Polish Masurians attempted to maintain the United Church in their region after 1945.
	www.kirchliche-zeitgeschichte.de /content/news/1-2002.htm (5092 words)

	Body (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Quite instinctively, Stan's Masurian nobility took over, and when introduced to the lovely lady, he was suddenly in a different century.
		The Masurians voted en masse to remain a part of Germany which amazed the Poles who assumed that fellow Slavs would want to join a Slavic nation.
		We are East Prussian Masurians, and our language and culture is Prussian - a culture that transcends German and Polish differences, and especially their hates.
	www.nccg.org /fecpp/bouquet/3ch12.htm (6956 words)

	» Węgorzewo : Poland :: Europe Travel Guide :: Travel to Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		After the partitions of Poland the town became part of East Prussia.
		The town had German majority at the time, however there were sizable minorities of Masurians and Lietuvninks.
		During World War 2 80% of the buildings in town were destroyed.
	europe.traveltoworld.com /europe-travel-guide/1868/wgorzewo-poland (266 words)

	Labor History: The Polish Coal Miners' Union and the German Labor Movement in the Ruhr, 1902-1934: National and Social ...
		Both works take German historians (of labor, coalmining, the Ruhr, and the late 19th and early 20th centuries more generally) to task for their neglect of national minorities inside Germany and the non-German sources available for the period.
		Not only do accounts marginalize the presence of non-German minorities, even when present in large numbers, as with the Ruhr Poles (18% of the mining labor force in 1910, 27% if Masurians are added); they also characterize them by their national difference, which is constructed as cultural deviance.
		As The Foreign Worker and the German Labor Movement showed, for German historians "Polishness" here meant some combination of Catholicism, nationality, proneness to violence, rural backwardness, pre-industrial values, and so forth.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0348/is_1_40/ai_54308731 (778 words)

	Westpreußen / West Prussia
		Western Prussia, including Danzig, had had a ethnic German majority for centuries, while a sizable German minority lived in the Thorn area.
		Other important ethnic groups, besides Poles, were Jews, Kaschubians and Masurians.
		Some locals even descended from hardy Scotsmen, who had fled to Danzig in the 16th century, and founded the suburb of Neuschottland (New Scotland).
	www.genealogienetz.de /reg/WPRU/wprus.html (1731 words)

	Nordrhein.html
		The Ruhr region--one part belonging to the Rhineland, the other belonging to Westphalia-rose to its heights from the middle of the l9th century, when the invention of the steam engine made it possible to excavate coal in far deeper layers than before.
		Until the turn of the century, Silesians, East und West Prussians, Masurians, and Poles moved into the region, hoping to attain prosperity as workers in the coal mines or furnaces.
		During the time of Weimar, the Ruhr region was a center of communist upheavals (1919/20).
	www.fortwaynemaennerchor.us /nordrhein.html (1443 words)

	Business History: The Polish Coal Miners' Union and the German Labor Movement in the Ruhr. (book reviews)
		It is well known that foreign labour played a great part in the rapid growth of German heavy industry before the First World War.
		There were about half a million Poles and Masurians in the Ruhr alone by 1914, and they accounted for 38 per cent of the mining workforce there.
		In the aftermath of the Great War, with the collapse of the Kaiserreich and economic chaos, there was a rapid exodus of foreign workers, including Poles.
	newssearch.looksmart.com /p/articles/mi_hb2997/is_199804/ai_n8077981 (295 words)

	The genetic make-up of East Prussians - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The same report also says that although Germans and Poles share a common thread, genetic evidence argues for a scenario where there was very little mixing between the two groups in recent times.
		Now, from my reading, it seems that the East Prussians are a mix of Balts (original Prussians), settlers from northern and southwestern Germany, and from Flanders, as well as the Slavic Masurians (some say they were just Slavinized Balts anyway) and Pomeranians.
		And from anecdotal evidence, I know there was even some direct mixing between East Prussians and Lithuanians in very recent times.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=77728 (1795 words)

	Ezion-Geber's Home Page - Preussen Gloria - Prussia, History of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		This, then, is the heartland of Prussia - a western Catholic and eastern Protestant part, until the mass expulsions of 1944-47 when the German population was either expelled or butchered by the Red Army.
		Important to note is the fact that the Prussian heartland was always multi-racial, consisting of the majority Germans, assimilated Pruzzi, Lithuanians (in the north-eastern Memelland area), Masurians (a non-Polish Slavic people in the south-east of Ducal Prussia), the Kashubians (a non-Polish Slavic people in the north west of Royal Prussia), and Poles sprinkled throughout both.
		In addition to these came many refugees from Catholic persecutions of French, Dutch, English, and Scottish origin who settled and assimilated.
	www.nccg.org /ezion_geber/preussen1.html (1110 words)

	Stiftung Haus der Geschichte (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		However, he then has to witness how his collection is misused to justify the National Socialists' Germanisation policy.
		Out of love for his Masurian homeland, Rogalla saves his collection from the advancing Red Army at the end of the war and later exhibits it in the West.
		There it is misused a second time, this time by people motivated by revisionist politics.
	www.hdg.de /Final/deu/page1574.htm (5780 words)

	The German-Polish Border Region. A Case of Regional Integration?
		Their goal was to be recognised and obtain special rights as a separate national group.
		The authorities feared this would encourage similar groups all over Poland to come forward with the same separatist aspirations, like the Kashubs in the north, Tatra-Gorals in the south, the Masurians, Kujwians an others.
		Rather than accepting special rights based on sub-national identities, subsidiarity and regional democracy was prefered in the future, according to Aleksander Ropalski, journalist in the Polish Radio 26.6.1997.
	www.arena.uio.no /publications/wp97_19.htm (9459 words)

	Judaica - galeria zdjęć
		We began this project in June 2001 with a presentation of the Roma, then Polish Muslims and Tatars in the fall of 2001, and in March 2002 we had a series of events presenting the Ukrainians.
		In planned editions of this series, Armenians, Belarussians, Lithuanians, Silesians, Masurians, Polish highlanders and others will speak of their culture and history.
		A complete list of program events can be found in the Annual Program Reports
	www.judaica.pl /english/wyklady.htm (486 words)

	P U B L I C A T I O N S - Archaeology misused ...
		Connections between Poland and the Recovered Lands were convincing only to those settlers who came from Greater Poland.
		For families coming from the east the Masurians and Silesians who spoke a dialect filled with German vocabulary were the "natives", understood as Germans, a strange element.
		Misunderstandings between the two groups lead to emigration of many natives.
	www.muzarp.poznan.pl /archweb/archweb_eng/Publications/nadarch/index_nad.html (6331 words)

	German Historical Institute Warsaw - www.dhi.waw.pl
		Die Masuren im Spannungsfeld des ethnischen Nationalismus 1870-1956.
		The Masurians in the Centre of ethnic Nationalism 1870-1956].
		A Contribution to the History of Masurian Jewry].
	www.dhi.waw.pl /en/instytut/pracownicy/kossert (443 words)

	LITUANUS. Vol. 27, No. 2 - Summer 1981
		The same number of Masovians (9) was that time there were 8 Masovians.
		In 1639 there were 29 priests; the number of Lithuanians was the same: 8 "lituani" and 1 "samogita," or 31% of all the priests; at that time there were 8 Masurians.
		I believe one can draw the conclusion that in the second quarter of the XVII century, the Lithuanian Jesuit priests in the Vilnius Academy constituted approximately 30-40% of the combined number of Jesuit priests there.
	www.lituanus.org /1981_2/81_2_02.htm (7760 words)

	chronology of medieval boys' clothing -- national historical trends Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Serbo-Wend population in the Spreewald of Lusatia retained its destinctive identity and can still be noted today.
		The Masurians, a Polish tribe, in south Prussia,however, also rtained their identity.
		Gradually the Slavs began to resist the Germans more stronly.
	histclo.hispeed.com /chron/med/nat/mn-ger.html (3603 words)

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