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	Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (1888 - August 1958) was a freedom fighter in India's struggle for Independence from Britain.
		Azad was a descendant of a lineage of learned Muslim scholars, or maulanas.
		Maulana Azad was the staunchest opponent of partition of India into India and Pakistan.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/M/Maulana-Abul-Kalam-Azad.htm (611 words)

	Maulana Abul Kalam Azad -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Azad began publication of a journal called (additional info and facts about Al Hilal) Al Hilal (the Crescent) in June 1912 to increase revolutionary recruits amongst the Muslims.
		Maulana Azad was the staunchest opponent of (additional info and facts about partition of India) partition of India into India and (A Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947) Pakistan.
		Maulana Azad served as the Minister of Education in Pandit (Indian statesman and leader with Gandhi in the struggle for home rule; was the first prime minister of the Republic of India from 1947 to 1964 (1889-1964)) Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet from 1947 to 1958.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/maulana_abul_kalam_azad.htm (747 words)

	Welcome to BHARAT HELPLINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A great divine, a great scholar, a great orator and fighter for national freedom, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad came of a family of religious divines of Delhi and was born in Mecca in 1888.
		The Maulana remained in the forefront of the national struggled and was imprisoned on several occasions for long periods.
		Maulana Azad was the spokesman of Congress and conducted talks with Sir Stafford cripps in 1942 and with Lord Wavell in the Simla conference in 1945.
	www.bharathelpline.com /greatpeople/azad.html (692 words)

	Appendix Four - Order of Battle of the Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami of Bangladesh
		Maulana Fazlu Haq, Amini of Bangladesh Islamic Khelafat Andolan
		Maulana Ataur Rahman Khan, Ex-Member of Parliament of Kishoreganj
		Maulana Fazlul Karim, Peer of Charmonai, chief of the Islamic Shasantantra Andolan
	www.ips.uiuc.edu /acdis/Research/OPs/Saikia/contents/appendix_4.html (361 words)

	Khilafat Movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ottoman emperor Abdul Hamid II (1876-1909) had launched his Pan-Islamic program in a bid to protect the Ottoman empire from Western attack and dismemberment, and to crush the Westernizing democratic opposition in Turkey.
		One Muslim journalist, Maulana Muhammad Ali, spent four years in prison (1911-1915) for preaching resistance to the British and support for the Ottoman caliph.
		In September 1919, Muhammad Ali and his brother Shaukat Ali, together with Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Dr. Mukhar Ahmed Ansari, and Hasrat Mohani, started a new organization, the Khilafat Movement.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Khilafat_Movement (734 words)

	sunniforum.com - Quotes from the Ulema of India about Khilafah
		Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad wrote a book in 1920 called ‘The Issue of Khilafat’, he stated: “Without the Khilafah the existence of Islam is not possible, the Muslims of India with all their effort and power need to work for this.”
		The students of Maulana Mahmud al Hassan from Dar al-ulum Deoband under his guidance left the dar al-ulum under his guidance and went from city to city, village to village to collect money for the Balkan war which the Khilafah was fighting in 1912.
		Maulana Mahmud replied to this, this also happened in the time of my teacher (Ustadh) and his reply was, ‘The dar al-ulum was established to look after the Deen, if the Deen is harmed then what is the point of the dar al-ulum’.
	www.sunniforum.com /forum/printthread.php?t=3289 (561 words)

	Vandemataram.com - Patriots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Abdul Ghaffar Khan was a scion of a leading family belonging to the Mohamadzai Pathan tribe of Village Uttamanzai in the Charsadda Tehsil of Peshawar district in the erstwhile North-West Frontier Province of British India, now forming a part of West Pakistan.
		Abdul Ghaffar Khan had his early education at home and also in a Maktab (Muslim school) of a Moulvi where he was given religious instruction.
		His close association with Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad and other top-ranking Indian nationalists greatly influnced him in his political outlook.On return from Aligarh, Abdul Ghaffar Khan associated himself with the Haji of Turangzai as early as 1911 and took an active part in establishing several national schools in the province.
	www.vandemataram.com /biographies/patriots/gkhan.htm (722 words)

	PIB Press Releases
		Under the Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad Literacy Awards Scheme, four awards would be given every year to reputed organisations/institutions for their outstanding contribution in promoting education, particularly among girls belonging to educationally backward minorities.
		The Maulana Azad National scholarship Scheme is assist meritorious girl students belonging to minorities who cannot continue their education without financial support.
		Under the Scheme of Financial Assistance for Establishment of Maulana Azad Sadbhawna Kendras universities, reputed academic and research institutions and local bodies would be given a maximum grant of Rs.
	pib.nic.in /archieve/lreleng/lyr2003/rmay2003/03052003/r030520033.html (607 words)

	KIDNEYMAMC ::
		The foundation stone of Maulana Azad Medical College, named after a great freedom fighter and first Minister of Education and Scientific Research of free India, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, was laid by Pandit Gobind Ballabh Pant who was himself a great freedom fighter and the first Home Minister of Free India on 24th October 1959.
		Maulana Azad Medical College is an internationally acclaimed pioneer institute and one of the premier medical institutions of India imparting medical education.
		Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals complex consists of six integral units, namely, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, Gobind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Dental Wing and Sushrut Trauma Centre.
	kidneymamc.com /aboutus.htm (607 words)

	Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The present name 'Indian Institute of Technology' was adopted before the formal inauguration of the Institute on August 18, 1951, by Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad.
		It is named after Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.
		Azad hall has also been known for years for its marvellous performance in the social and culture events and in the illumination and Rangoli events.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Technology,_Kharagpur (5147 words)

	Kota Cinta -- Sabtu, 22 Januari 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Lateef Khan lalu mengutip apa yang pernah dikatakan oleh Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad (1888-1958) beberapa waktu lalu.
		Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad yang lahir di Mekkah, mengabdi di India dan adalah Menteri Pendidikan pertama India konon pernah mengatakan, "Saya lebih baik mengorbankan kemerdekaan daripada mengorbankan kesatuan Muslim dan Hindu.
		Apa yang dikatakan oleh Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad itu mempertegas bahwa Hyderabad adalah "Kota Cinta" di mana semangat cinta menjadi napas kehidupannya: bus, taksi, motor, sepeda, bajaj, gerobak sapi, orang jalan kaki, jadi satu lalu-lalang di jalan-jalan kota yang kesemuanya menggambarkan keragaman masyarakat kota itu.
	www.kompas.com /kompas-cetak/0001/22/ln/kota24.htm (661 words)

	Archive of Photographs, September 19, 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		As a special convocation held at Bilkent University the Dean of the University conferred on President Shri K.R. Narayanan, the honorary degree of "Doctor of Political Science" of at Ankara on September 18, 1998.
		President Shri K.R. Narayanan presented a portrait of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad to the Dean of Bilkent University after the convocation ceremony on September 18, 1998.
		Maulana Azad was the first Indian dignitory to visit Turkey in 1951 as Education Minister.
	pib.nic.in /archieve/phtgalry/pgyr98/pg0998/190998.html (75 words)

	Correspondence Between Abi-l-A'ala Al-Maudoodi and Maryam Jameelah book - Eighteenth letter in Feb 10, 1962 section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Until 1921, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad was an enthusiastic exponent of Islamic revival and Khilafat movement.
		But afterwards he turned a complete somersault in thought and action, so much so that people began to rub their eyes to make sure whether he was the same Azad or by some process of metamorphic a new person had been born within him.
		Abdul Kalam Azad was now a hundred per cent Indian nationalist and a vociferous protagonist of a single Indian nationhood of Muslims and non-Muslims.
	www.islamunveiled.org /eng/ebooks/maryamj/maryamj_18.htm (969 words)

	VOICE MAIL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Apropos Shri Sundaram's article, he writes as follows: 'Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad was however a nationalist Muslim unlike Jinnah of later years.' This leads the unsuspecting reader to think that perhaps Maulana Azad was what one calls a 'moderate Muslim.' However, the truth is otherwise.
		Well, the truth about this covenant of Mohammed with the Jews is that within a few years, two of the three Jewish clans had been driven out of Medina, and the third one was slaughtered to the last man.
		This statement by the Maulana only proves how dishonest he was, and that he counted on Hindus' ignorance.
	newstodaynet.com /18may/vo1.htm (334 words)

	INDPRIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, a so-called 'liberal' and 'secular' Muslim, led a campaign against 'Vande Maataram' on the grounds that it was 'anti-Islamic'.
		He was of the opinion that the creation of a separate Muslim state would divide the Muslim population and India would have fewer number of Muslims, thus dealing a blow to the process of Islamization of India, hence the opposition.
		Indira Gandhi were accompanied by renderings from the Bhagwad Geeta, the Quran and religious books of other religions; but the final rites of Dr. Zakir Hussain, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad had renderings only from the Quran.
	www.indpride.com /didyouknow.html (2966 words)

	MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL SCHOLARSHIP SCHEME FOR MERITORIOUS GIRLS STUDENTS BELONGING TO MINORITIES
		Maulana Azad Education Foundation was established on the occasion of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad’s birth centenary.
		It must be noted that all income certificate and statements made by the students in the application is subject to further verification of Maulana Azad Education Foundation.
		The last date for receipt of application in the office of the Maulana Azad Education Foundation is September 30 every year, which must be adhered to.
	socialjustice.nic.in /obcs/scheme.htm (810 words)

	maulana azad medical college, medical college, medical hosptial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		maulana azad medical college, medical college, medical hosptial
		The college is named after great patriot and freedom fighter Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad.
		The foundation stone of the main building was laid by 24th October 1959.
	www.mamc.ac.in /citizen.htm (253 words)

	Bangladesh: Extremist Islamist Consolidation -- Bertil Lintner
		Among the most notorious of the Jamaat leaders was Abdul Kader Molla, who became known as ‘the Butcher of Mirpur’, a Dhaka suburb that in 1971 was populated mainly by non-Bengali Muslim immigrants.
		Today, he is the publicity secretary of the Bangladeshi Jamaat and, despite his background, was granted a US visa to visit New York in the last week of June 2002.
		Abdul Karim, Patron, aka Sheikh-e-Kauria and president of the Sylhet branch of the Jamaat-e-Ulema-e-Islam, Sylhet
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume14/Article1.htm (7600 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Weâve had national leaders, who were also Muslims like Zakir Hussain, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed and, now, Abdul Kalam.
		Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad was a credible Muslim leader but his leadership became irrelevant because of Partition.
		Weand#8217;ve had national leaders, who were also Muslims like Zakir Hussain, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed and, now, Abdul Kalam.
	timesofindia.indiatimes.com /cms.dll/xml/uncomp/articleshow?msid=255584 (2328 words)

	The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum - Books
		SIA Internal" is a cross-disciplinary study,by the Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad Institute of Asia Studies, Calcutta.
		It is a centre for research and learning with its focus on social, cultural, political, and economic development in Asia from the middle of the 19th century onwards.
		The first article "Maulana Azad: a great intellectual, scholar and visionary" is by Froze Bakht Ahmed who says the Maulana was a great intellectual, scholar and visionary.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2001/20010729/spectrum/books.htm (9592 words)

	GINA \| GOVERNMENT INFORMATION AGENCY \| GUYANA
		Avinash Chandra Gupta noted that Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad believed sincerely in India's destiny not just as a nation, but as a civilization, and his knowledge of history gave him perspective and purpose.
		The High Commissioner pointed out that the ‘good' that Maulana Azad had in mind for India consisted of the country’s great legacy of a composite culture, and her future destiny as a modem and progressive nation, while the 'evil' that Maulana Sahib saw was the disharmony between the main communities of India.
		Although Maulana Azad never used the phrase, it was in his stewardship of the Ministry of Education that the Government of India first came to view education as an investment in human resources,” he said.
	www.gina.gov.gy /archive/daily/b031112.html (4599 words)

	Partition harmed Muslims interests: Sikander Bhakt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Those very people who supported the two-nation theory propagated by founder of Pakistan Ali Mohammad Jinnah and played an active role in formation of Pakistan are feeling insecure now and are treated as "Mahajirs" in Pakistan, he said at an election rally here yesterday.
		Bhakt, who is the first national leader visiting Kashmir for electioneering, said Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad was opposed to the idea of dividing the country.
		Bhakt, who is on a two-day tour of Kashmir to canvass for BJP candidates in Srinagar, Baramulla and Anantnag Lok Sabha constituencies, alleged the Congress right from 1947 exploited sentiments of Muslims in the country but the times have changed and Muslims are now closer to BJP which they once were treating as "untouchable".
	www.jammu-kashmir.com /archives/archives1999/99september02.html (321 words)

	Daily Excelsior.........State
		On the occasion of birth anniversary of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, the All India Association of University Urdu Teachers, M A Urdu Professional Course and Rasa Javedani Memorial Literary Society jointly celebrated Urdu......
		Sheikh Abdul Rehman lashed upon the successive State Government for their failure to accord due place to Urdu language and expressed his concern over much delay in establishing Urdu Academy in the State.
		A colourful cultural programme depicting the unity in diversity of the state was presented by the students from all the three regions of the state.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /web1/03nov12/state.htm (6746 words)

	Faculty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Jawaharlal Nehru and his first Education Minister, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad took considerable interest in CIE’s establishment in 1947 and its activities and progress in those early years.
		Maulana Azad visualized the function of CIE, not merely to “ turn out teachers who will be MODEL TEACHERS”, but to evolve into “a research center for solving new educational programs of the country”.
		Recognized as the Institute of Advanced Studies in Education (IASE) and having launched the Maulana Azad Centre for Elementary and Social Education (MACESE), CIE has shaped its unique philosophy, which finds reflection in its academic programs.
	cie.du.ac.in /aboutcie/faculty.htm (628 words)

	Dancing with Dogs: Muslim Personal Law in India
		It was only after much agitation, mass-scale demonstrations, and intensive negotiations at the highest levels (Maulana Ali Mia (R) met with PM, Rajiv Gandhi personally on this matter) that Muslims were able to get a reversal of the anti-MPL judgment of the Shah Banu case.
		Azad’s power led the bulk of about 80 crore nationalist Muslims in non-violent independence movement and crafted the solution with Sir Stafford Cripps for an independent united federal India that made Jinnah give up Partition as late as 1946.
		Abdul Ghaffar Khan’s power converted revengeful and violent Pathans into non-violent red shirts Khudai Khidmatgars.
	www.madhoo.com /archives/2002/10/muslim_personal.php (1781 words)

	COMMENT- ISLAM AT THE THRESHOLD OF 21ST CENTURY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was, therefore, synthesis of the theological and the sociological which finally gave shape to the Shari'ah formulations.
		It is for this reason that an eminent Islamic thinker like Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad made a distinction between Din (the essence of religion) and Shari'ah (the laws governing socio-religious behaviour).
		The Maulana maintained, and rightly so, that while Din is one (his well-known doctrine of Wahdat-e-din), the Shari'ah differs from time to time and society to society.
	www.dawoodi-bohras.com /chronicle/oct99/islam.htm (1060 words)

	India Abroad: Can today's politicians learn from Azad's life?@ HighBeam Research
		Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad was readying himself to address a gathering in New Delhi on the occasion of the annual day of Jamia Millia Islamia.
		Pointing to Azad's tattered shervani (overcoat), his secretary Ajmal Khan told him that he was not appropriately dressed for the function, whose invitees included Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and ambassadors of several Muslim countries.
		Azad replied: "Dear Ajmal, no one will look at my shervani but everyone will listen to what I say!"
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:22128696&refid=holomed_1 (198 words)

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