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Topic: Mauna Loa

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	Mauna Loa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mauna Loa is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii.
		Mauna Loa is a shield volcano, meaning that its slopes are shallow because its lava is extremely fluid (it has low viscosity).
		Mauna Loa is a Decade Volcano, which means it has been identified as worthy of particular research in light of its frequent eruptions and proximity to populated areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mauna_Loa (2624 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mauna Loa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mauna Loa is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanic peaks that together form the Island of Hawaii.
		Mauna Loa is Earth's largest volcano and is the exposed (subareal) part of an enormous mid-ocean mountain.
		Mauna Loa is itself observed by the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, which also monitors other prominent Hawaiian volcanoes such as Kīlauea, Hualālai, Mauna Kea, and Haleakalā.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Mauna-Loa (5497 words)

	Mauna Loa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mauna Loa is an active volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanic peaks that together form the Island of Hawaii.
		Mauna Loa is about 36 m (120 ft) lower than its neighbor, Mauna Kea.
		The Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO), located at 3,400 m (11,155 ft) on the northern slope of the mountain, has long been prominent in observations of the Sun.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Mauna_Loa.html (276 words)

	TRENDS: ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
		Because of the favorable site location, continuous monitoring, and careful selection and scrutiny of the data, the Mauna Loa record is considered to be a precise record and a reliable indicator of the regional trend in the concentrations of atmospheric CO in the middle layers of the troposphere.
		The Mauna Loa record shows a 19.4% increase in the mean annual concentration, from 315.98 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of dry air in 1959 to 377.38 ppmv in 2004.
		Measurements of the concentration of carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii.
	cdiac.esd.ornl.gov /trends/co2/sio-mlo.htm (810 words)

	Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii
		Mauna Loa has erupted more than 35 times since the island was first visited by westerners in the early 1800s.
		The most recent eruption of Mauna Loa was in March and April 1984, when segments of the northeast rift zones were active.
		Mauna Loa is one of 15 volcanoes worldwide that are being monitored by the scientific community as an "International Decade Volcano" because of the hazard that it represents to the local towns of Hilo and Kona.
	www.solarviews.com /cap/volc/maunaloa.htm (596 words)

	Lava Flow Hazard Zone Maps: Mauna Loa
		Mauna Loa erupts less frequently than does Kilauea, but it tends to produce a much greater volume of lava over a shorter period of time.
		Nearly all of the Mauna Loa eruptions observed since the early 1800's began at its summit caldera; during half of these, the activity subsequently shifted to either the northeast or the southwest rift zone.
		Two areas on Mauna Loa are classed as Zone 6 because they are currently protected from lava flows by the local topography.
	pubs.usgs.gov /gip/hazards/mauna-loa.html (666 words)

	Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai`i
		Mauna Loa is among Earth's most active volcanoes, having erupted 33 times since its first well-documented historical eruption in 1843.
		Mauna Loa is certain to erupt again, and we carefully monitor the volcano for signs of unrest.
		The Hawaiian name "Mauna Loa" means "Long Mountain." This name is apt, for the subaerial part of Mauna Loa extends for about 120 km from the southern tip of the island to the summit caldera and then east-northeast to the coastline near Hilo.
	wwwhvo.wr.usgs.gov /maunaloa (232 words)

	Mauna Loa Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Atmospheric CO concentrations measured at Mauna Loa Observatory.
		The Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) is an atmospheric baseline station on Mauna Loa volcano, on the big island of hawaii.
		Since the mid 1950's MLO has been continuously monitoring and collecting data relating to atmospheric change, and is known especially for their continuous monitoring of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO) levels.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mauna_Loa_Observatory (256 words)

	Hawaii's Mauna Loa volcano is beginning to stir, new data reveal :10/02
		Mauna Loa Hawaii's biggest and potentially most destructive volcano is showing signs of life again nearly two decades after its last eruption.
		Recent geophysical data collected on the surface of the 13,500-foot volcano revealed that Mauna Loa's summit caldera has begun to swell and stretch at a rate of 2 to 2.5 inches a year, according to scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Stanford University.
		"Mauna Loa is capable of erupting huge volumes of lava in a relatively short period of time, and the flows can reach great distances," Segall observed.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/02/maunaloa1016.html (854 words)

	Hazards of Mauna Loa
		Mauna Loa has a summit caldera and two rift zones, one extending northeast from the caldera and the other to the southwest.
		Since more eruptions are inevitable on the flanks of Mauna Loa, the U.S. Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO), as a public service organization, has an obligation to increase the public's awareness of the hazards posed by future eruptions and to improve the designation of hazard zones as more information becomes available.
		An indirect volcanic hazard on Mauna Loa is the ever-present threat of large earthquakes.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/1997/97_02_28.html (695 words)

	HawaiiNews.com: Monitoring Mauna Loa a challenge
		Since all eruptions of Mauna Loa since 1843 have begun at the summit, instruments within Moku`aweoweo are expected to detect early changes in the shallow magma-gas system.
		Colleagues at the Mauna Loa Climate and Diagnostics Laboratory, operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), are also monitoring gases escaping from caldera vents by looking at emissions carried past their instruments in the night-time downslope winds.
		Mauna Loa continues to present all the challenges expected of a huge volcano whose summit rises over 17 km (56,000 feet) above a buried seafloor depressed by its weight.
	www.hawaiinews.com /archives/volcano_watch/000329.shtml (1059 words)

	HERSHEY'S MAUNA LOA - HERSHEY'S
		On the slopes of the majestic volcano Mauna Loa (our namesake), on the big island of Hawaii, conditions are perfect for growing the finest macadamia nuts in the world.
		That was the beginning of a long partnership between Mauna Loa and the University of Hawaii, which continues today.
		Mauna Loa began converting five old sugar plantations to macadamia plantations at the rate of 1000 acres a year.
	www.hersheys.com /products/details/maunaloa/index.asp?name=Roasted (662 words)

	AGU Web Site: Mauna Loa in Technicolor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mauna Loa was exceptionally active in the middle of the 19th century (1843—1887) at a time when its more diminutive sibling, Kilauea volcano (to the right of Mauna Loa in the figure above), was attracting visitors to Hawaii.
		Consequently, Mauna Loa eruptions tend to be much larger, resulting in extensive lava flow fields that cover the volcano's surface at a rate of 40% every 1000 years with flows that travel many kilometers from the vents; five have reached the coast since 1868.
		For these reasons, Mauna Loa was chosen along with 14 other volcanoes for special study as part of the Decade Volcano Project by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior.
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/loa.html (408 words)

	Mauna Loa
		Mauna Loa, which means long mountain, is the more remote of the two mountains as Mauna Kea is the location of some of the world’s premiere observatories.
		Mauna Loa is the world’s most massive volcano, rising some 30,000 feet from the ocean floor with 13,677 feet protruding above sea level.
		As you head towards VNP, it is impossible to overlook the shaping of the land by Mauna Loa.
	home.maine.rr.com /gwcorp/outdoors/climbing/MaunaLoa/maunaloa.htm (3048 words)

	Biggest Mountain - Mauna Loa
		Mauna Loa is a single mountain on the island of Hawaii.
		But, when you start measuring Mauna Loa from its true base on the bottom of the ocean, in the Hawaiian Trough, the total height exceeds that of Everest by over 3/4 of a mile.
		Mauna Loa is Hawaiian for "Long Mountain", probably because of its long, gently sloping shape.
	www.extremescience.com /MaunaLoa.htm (1032 words)

	[No title]
		HVO reported on 30 September that a pattern of slow deflation occurring at Mauna Loa for the past 9 years abruptly changed in mid-May when the summit area began to slowly swell and stretch.
		HVO reported on 16 March 2003 that renewed inflation at Mauna Loa's Moku`aweoweo summit caldera began in late February 2003.
		Such a concentrated number of deep LP earthquakes from this part of Mauna Loa is unprecedented, at least in the modern earthquake record dating back to the 1960s.
	www.volcano.si.edu /reports/usgs/archive.cfm?volcano=maunaloa (1256 words)

	Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park - Backcountry - Mauna Loa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hiking time from the Mauna Loa trailhead to the Pu'u ‘Ula'ula cabin is four to six hours (7.5 miles), and from there to the Mauna Loa cabin is 8 to 12 hours (11.6 miles).
		The Observatory trail ascends 1,975 feet in 3.8 miles from the Mauna Loa Weather Observatory to the rim of Moku'aweoweo Caldera.
		The Mauna Loa cabin is another 2.1 miles further along the rim or the true summit is 2.6 miles from the junction.
	www.nps.gov /havo/visitor/ml.htm (1008 words)

	Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) - Keeling
		The 40th anniversary of the atmospheric CO work being done at the Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, by Dr. Charles D. Keeling, of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) at the University of California, San Diego, was celebrated in 1997.
		The CO concentrations taken at Mauna Loa Observatory are obtained using a nondispersive, dual detector, infrared gas analyzer.
		The Mauna Loa record shows a 15.2% increase in the mean annual concentration, from 315.83 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of dry air in 1959 to 363.82 ppmv in 1997.
	cdiac.ornl.gov /new/keel_page.html (451 words)

	Using an electronic distance meter to measure deformation of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai`i
		Mauna Loa volcano rises nearly 9 km above the ocean floor, which makes it largest volcano on Earth.
		This view of Mauna Loa's summit caldera shows gases and steam rising from fumaroles along a fissure that erupted on July 5-6, 1975.
		More was learned about the extension and eruption processes of Mauna Loa during this time period than in all earlier historic eruptions.
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /About/What/Monitor/Deformation/EDMMaunaLoa.html (308 words)

	The History of The USS Mauna Loa II
		With the men on Mauna Loa moving the powder containers over faster than they could be removed to the magazines of the battleship, the cans gradually piled up to more than a hundred on Pennsylvania's forward deck.
		On 2 March Mauna Loa sailed for the west coast, via Pearl Harbor, arriving San Francisco the 21st to replenish her cargo of ammunition.
		Mauna Loa departed San Pedro for the west coast 4 October, arriving Tiburon, Calif., the 21st.
	www.navyhistory.com /AE/mauna%20loa%20II.html (856 words)

	Mauna Loa - Massimo's photoblog
		Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on Earth.
		The observatory is on the summit of another volcano, Mauna Kea, which is not far away (Mauna Loa is just in front across the valley).
		Mauna Kea is supposedly dormant (last eruption 3,500 years ago) as the hotspot in the Earth mantle has moved south.
	ornitorinko.org:8080 /blogs/max/archives/201-Mauna-Loa.html (552 words)

	Eyes on Mauna Loa
		At the same time, however, Mauna Loa receives a lot of our attention, and it should never be overlooked in terms of the hazards that it poses to us.
		In the earlier part of the 20th century, Mauna Loa was the more active of the two volcanoes in southeast Hawai`i.
		In late 1983, microseismicity beneath Mauna Loa increased sharply, and a damaging earthquake occurred beneath its southeast flank in November 1983, in the Ka`oiki fault system, which lies between Mauna Loa and Kilauea.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/2000/00_03_30.html (775 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Mauna Loa
		The machine he set up in 1958 at the Mauna Loa Observatory, on top of a Hawaiian volcano, has given climate scientists a continuous record of rising carbon dioxide levels and confirmed that human activities are rapidly changing the atmosphere...
		Scientists are have dubbed the two-year CO2 rise the Mauna Loa anomaly.
		Mauna Loa, several times larger than Kilauea and the biggest volcano on Earth, last erupted in 1984, when lava flowed 16 miles in the direction of Hilo...
	news.surfwax.com /geography/files/Mauna_Loa_Mountain.html (1372 words)

	Summary of the current activity of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai`i
		Mauna Loa remains seismically quiet with few earthquakes occurring beneath the volcano.
		Plotted below are the changes in distance between stations MOKP and MLSP, located on opposite sides of Moku`aweoweo, Mauna Loa's topographic caldera, and MOKP and ELEP, located on opposite sides of the structural caldera (beyond the outermost faults of the caldera).
		Survey GPS measurements of a large network of benchmarks on Mauna Loa, as well as tilt surveys at the summit, have confirmed that this extension is due to influx of magma into the summit reservoir.
	wwwhvo.wr.usgs.gov /maunaloa/current/main.html (1053 words)

	Skiing the Pacific Ring of Fire and Beyond: Mauna Loa
		Mauna Loa, the "Long Mountain", is the largest volcano and the largest single mountain on earth, with an estimated volume of 20000 cubic miles (80000 cu km).
		Snow often falls in the winter on the summit area, although amounts are somewhat less than on Mauna Kea since Mauna Loa is in the rain shadow of that peak.
		The shortest access to the summit is by a trail from the Mauna Loa Observatory at 11000 ft (3400 m) on the northeast side of the mountain.
	www.skimountaineer.com /ROF/ROF.php?name=MaunaLoa (307 words)

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