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Topic: Mauna Ulu

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	Mauna Ulu parking area to Puu Huluhulu Overlook
		The pahoehoe lava flow is overlain by an aa flow (middle left)that overflowed from the Mauna Ulu vent on January 25, 1974.
		After discussion, they agreed a drainback of lava was occurring from the lava lake at Mauna Ulu At 17:45 a rapid decrease in summit tilt began, and a new eruption appeared imminent.
		Mauna Loa is in the shield stage of evolution.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/Parks/hawaii/napau/napau1.html (1678 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Mauna Loa's massive size and elevation (13,677 feet or 4,169 m) is a stark contrast to KÄ«lauea, which rises only 4,091 feet (1,247 m) above sea level, and thus from the summit caldera appears as a broad shelf of uplands well beneath the long profile of occasionally snow-capped Mauna Loa, 15 miles (24 km) distant.
		The Mauna Ulu eruption of KÄ«lauea began on May 24, 1969 and ended on July 22, 1974.
		At the time, Mauna Ulu was the longest flank eruption of any Hawaiian volcano in recorded history.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Kilauea (1373 words)

	Kīlauea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that Mauna Ulu be merged into this article or section.
		Mauna Loa's massive size and elevation (13,677 feet or 4,169 m) is a stark contrast to Kīlauea, which rises only 4,091 feet (1,247 m) above sea level, and thus from the summit caldera appears as a broad shelf of uplands well beneath the long profile of occasionally snow-capped Mauna Loa, 15 miles (24 km) distant.
		However, most of this climb is actually on the heavily vegetated flank of Mauna Loa; the crossing onto lava flows issued from Kīlauea is about 1 mile west of Glenwood, 18 miles (29 km) from Hilo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kilauea (1025 words)

	Hawaii- Trips- Geology Program- Western State College of Colorado
		Mauna Loa is still in the shield building phase and covered by fluid tholeiitic lavas while Mauna Kea is in the post shield cinder cone phase erupting more alkaline magmas.
		The Mauna Ulu Shield was produced in eruptions from 1969-74 covering the newly built Chain of Craters Road.
		This photo is of the north slope of Mauna Ulu taken from Pu'u Huluhulu.
	www.western.edu /geology/Trips/hawaii.html (863 words)

	Mauna Ulu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Mauna Ulu means, "Growing Mountain." Mauna Ulu is a satellite volcano of Kilauea.
		When Mauna Ulu first began erupting, there was 875 days of continuous activity which produced large lava flows that filled in Alae and Aloi pit craters.
		Mauna Ulu used to have a lava lake and the channel was formed when lava overflowed the lake and flowed out.
	www.lapietra.edu /scienceweb/web/183/kilauea/maunaulu.html (546 words)

	Mauna Ulu - Chain of Craters
		Prior to the Mauna Ulu eruption, Chain of Craters Road continued east to Makaopuhi Crater and down to the coast.
		Tubes extended from Mauna Ulu to the ocean, a distance of 6 miles.
		Lava drained from Mauna Ulu and an eruption began at Hiiaka and Pauahi craters.
	www.hawaiianstyletravel.com /BigIslandGuide/information/ChainOfCraters-Part2.php (823 words)

	Pu'u Huluhulu and Mauna Ulu Hike
		Mauna Ulu erupted from May of 1969 through July of 1974 and sent huge quantities of lava flowing in all directions and all the way to the ocean (6 miles), as well as covering the highway, which originally went on the other side of Mauna Ulu, past Makaopuhi Crater.
		During portions of the Mauna Ulu eruption, Pu'u Huluhulu overlook was a popular place to view the spectacular events.
		While Mauna Ulu is a fairly young cone, last erupting in 1974, it is beginning to see signs of life.
	www.instanthawaii.com /cgi-bin/hawaii?Hikes.mulu (3493 words)

	Water Beds and Magma Beds
		Before Mauna Ulu appeared on the landscape, the Chain of Craters Road continued across the south flank of Kilauea to the south coast and then looped eastward near sea level to connect with a system of paved roads that gave access to the entire southeast part of the Big Island, including Hilo.
		Lava flows from early eruptions at Mauna Ulu, however, buried several miles of the road, greatly complicating travel between the summit of Kilauea and the parts of the National Park along the south coast.
		One day on the hike to Mauna Ulu, as Don and I were walking and talking and perhaps not paying enough attention to our footing, we both suddenly felt the ground beneath us move in a soft and mushy way.
	www.carleton.edu /departments/GEOL/sagas/WaterBeds_MagmaBeds/WaterBeds_MagmaBeds.html (1375 words)

	WorldStrides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Created to preserve the natural setting of Kilauea- the earth's most active volcano - and Mauna Loa - the earth's most massive volcano - the park is also a refuge for the island's native plants and animals and a link to its human past.
		In contrast to the explosive continental volcanoes, the fluid eruptions of Kilauea and Mauna Loa produce fiery fountains and rivers of molten lava.
		Mauna Ulu Lava Fields - A recently formed shield volcano - Mauna Ulu - erupted from 1969 through 1974 leaving an altered landscape of fascinating geologic features.
	www.worldstrides.com /sitesandsnapshots/hawaii_sites/nationalpark.asp (436 words)

	Explore Kilauea Volcano \| Eruption
		The Mauna Ulu eruption began as a fissure between `Alo`i and `Alae craters in 1969.
		In this period whirlwinds ripped hot crust from the surface of the Mauna Ulu lava lake.
		On the early morning of January 2, 1983, the summit of Kilauea began to deflate, and the number and size of earthquakes increased in the volcano's east rift zone.
	www.fireworkstudios.com /erupt.html (3293 words)

	Road Guide to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
		Twelve miles of the road were inundated by lava from Mauna Ulu during 1969-1974 (see page 38 Schematic of Mauna Ulu Lavas 1969-1974 (117K)), and 5 miles of the connecting road to the Puna area were covered by lava from the Kupaianaha vent of the Pu'u O'o eruption during 1986-1991.
		At the vent of Mauna Ulu it is often cool and damp, while only seven miles south and 3,000 feet lower, where the Mauna Ulu flows enter the sea, it is warm and dry.
		Begins at Mauna Ulu parking area, crosses 1969-1974 lava flows to Makaopuhi Crater and then enters fern-ohi'a jungle to Napau Crater; round trip is 14 miles, all day, with an alternate route out to Chain of Craters Road at Ke ala Komo via the Naulu Trail from Makaopuhi Crater.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~volcano/texts/DekHawaii.html (11363 words)

	Hawaiian Names and Places (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is an extension of the flank of Mauna Kea.
		Mauna Ke'a is a dormant volcano having last erupted about 4,500 years ago; estimated age of 1 million years.
		Elongate, 3 km (1.8 miles) by 5 km (3 miles), 183 m deep, summit caldera of Mauna Loa estimated to have formed by collapse 600-750 years ago; literally, moku is an islet, and 'aweoweo fish section (the red of the fish suggests volcanic fires).
	www.punaridge.org /doc/misc/Hawaiian.htm (1544 words)

	Mauna Loa and Kilauea: lighthouses of the Pacific?
		Certainly Mauna Loa was not persistently active, but the frequency of its activity may have been enough to help guide voyagers occasionally.
		Both Mauna Loa and Kilauea are high enough to have produced a glow visible for scores of kilometers (tens of miles) at sea.
		Mauna Loa is one of the world's highest oceanic volcanoes, and most of its eruptions also take place at the summit or high on the rift zones.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/2000/00_07_06.html (804 words)

	The Mauna Ulu Eruption: 1969-1974
		The eruption at Mauna Ulu began on May 24, 1969, and, like the eruption of Pu'u 'O'o, the earliest part was characterized by episodes of high fountaining until December 1969, with fountains reaching heights of nearly 1,800 feet.
		The first half of the Mauna Ulu eruption ended following a decrease in eruptive output and a decrease in the level of the lava pond in Mauna Ulu, despite the continued addition of magma into the summit reservoir.
		Based on the events at Mauna Ulu and at Kupaianaha, we suspect that the end of activity at Pu'u 'O'o will be heralded by a steady decline in lava output coupled with a lowering of the lava pond.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/1994/94_05_27.html (997 words)

	mauna ulu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Mauna Ulu is a satellite shield that lays on a larger volcano named Kilauea.
		Mauna Ulu is located on the east rift zone of Kilauea.
		Mauna Ulu is 150 maters deep and erupted a`a lava and pahoehoe lava during it's eruption time.
	www.lapietra.edu /scienceweb/web/223/kilauea%20project/ulu.html (62 words)

	Mauna Ulu, 1969
		Mauna Ulu formed between `Alo`i and `Alae Craters, popular stops along the old Chain of Craters Road.
		The present road, rerouted around the Mauna Ulu area, bends away from the rift zone 1.3 km (0.8 mi) west of `Alo`i and intersects the old road at the top of Holei Pali.
		Between periods of fountaining, lava splashed and circulated in the vent of Mauna Ulu, sometimes forming low fountains, sometimes quietly upwelling and overflowing the vent.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/1997/97_05_02.html (723 words)

	Mauna Ulu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Mauna Ulu is a small shield volcano called a satellite shield.
		The last Mauna Ulu eruptions lasted from May 1969 to July 1974 and formed on the east rift zone of Kilauea.
		At the summit of Mauna Ulu is a small crater that is 150 m deep, which was the source of all the lava that forms the surrounding landscape.
	www.lapietra.edu /scienceweb/web/158/Kilauea/mauna.html (136 words)

	Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park Hiking Page
		Hiking time from the Mauna Loa trailhead to the Pu'u ‘Ula'ula cabin is four to six hours, and from there to the Mauna Loa cabin is 8 to 12 hours.
		The Observatory trail ascends 1,975 feet in 3.8 miles from the Mauna Loa Weather Observatory to the rim of Moku'aweoweo Caldera.
		Near the Mauna Loa Cabin are rock-walled complexes constructed by the Wilkes Expedition in 1840.
	www.hawaii.volcanoes.national-park.com /hike.htm (2615 words)

	Hawai'i Volcanoes and Haleakala National Parks (Volcanoes of the National Parks of Hawaii)
		In mid-March a new fissure opened east of Mauna Ulu and two vents formed on it, one at the north edge of the former Alae Crater and the other 650 feet farther northeast.
		Lava continued to drain sporadically into Makaopuhi from the Mauna Ulu vent complex, and by February 1973 the western pit was completely filled.
		From May 29 to June 2 a spectacular overflow sent lava down all sides of Mauna Ulu, and a flow reached the flat at the foot of Holei Pali, but stopped nearly 2 miles short of the ocean.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/hawaii-notes/vol4-2-7k.htm (1697 words)

	Comparing the Mauna Ulu and Puu Oo Eruptions (Grades 9-12)
		Prior to the ongoing eruption of Kilauea, the most longest-lived and voluminous rift eruption in historic time was at Mauna Ulu from 1969-1974.
		A similar graph is shown for Mauna Ulu eruption.
		Mauna Ulu erupted 70 million m3 in about 7 months for an average eruption rate of 10 million m3/month or about 14,000 m3/hr.
	volcano.und.edu /vwdocs/vwlessons/activities/c_number10.html (310 words)

	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
		The spatter cone rises from the vent at the crater floor.
		Signpost marking one of Mauna Ulu's a'a lava flows.
		End of a pahoehoe lava flow at Mauna Ulu.
	www.wasted-disk-space.com /2000/hawaii/hvnp.html (593 words)

	CVO Menu - America's Volcanic Past - Hawaii
		Mauna Loa is considered the world's largest active volcano, with an estimated volume of more than 40,000 cubic kilometers, based on the assumption that the volcano extends from the surface to the top of the isostatically depressed ocean crust.
		However, because of adjacent volcanoes interfingering with Mauna Loa, and because older volcanic edifices may be buried at depth, the volcano's actual volume is probably less.
		The Mauna Loa shield is composed entirely of relatively thin flows of aa and pahoehoe, averaging 3 to 4 meters in thickness.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_hawaii.html (1621 words)

	Geologic Hazards Slides, Volume 3 - Landslides, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes
		Mauna Loa, on the Island of Hawaii (Big Island) is the largest volcanic structure in the world with a volume estimated at 42,000 km3.
		View of 455 m high Mauna Ulu lava fountain on December 30, 1969, as seen from Pu'u Huluhulu on Kilauea's east rift.
		Lava is beginning to drain back into the vent at the end of the Mauna Ulu phase two eruption on Kilauea's east rift (October 20, 1969).
	www.smate.wwu.edu /teched/geology/vo-HA-forms.html (2143 words)

	Oceanic Volcanism Hawaii
		Recent activity is confined to Mauna Loa, the parasitic shield Kilauea, and an offshore seamount, Loihi.
		Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea and Kilauea are notable for the frequent occurrence of picrites, studded with olivine and of 12-25% MgO and correspondingly high Cr, Co, Ni.
		Mauna Loa is assumed to be the most depleted and tholeiitic but Rhodes found lavas very similar to Kilauea in the oldest Ninole Hills exposure.
	www.geokem.com /OIB-volcanic-hawaii.html (7962 words)

	LPSC 2000
		Study Area: The study area is within the Mauna Ulu lava flow field, emplaced during a period of prolonged volcanic activity along Kilauea Volcano's east rift zone from May 1969 to June 1974 [10-12,18-20].
		Vesicles on the surfaces of units I and II are stretched and generally lack surface expression, consistent with emplacement of hot, fluid lava; unit III tends to preserve surface vesicles, consistent with emplacement of a higher viscosity fluid.
		Further analysis of thermal data is required to document the full range of thermal radiance for units within the Mauna Ulu flow field, and to separate the effects of temperature and emissivity on radiance spectra.
	www.pitt.edu /~mramsey/papers/lpsc_abs00.html (1070 words)

	Hawaiian Kine Adventures - Daytime Hikes
		Mauna Ulu parking lot to Kealakomo overlook, 8-mile hike through ‘69-’74 Mauna Ulu eruption area to Makauopuhi crater.
		Hilina Pali and Mauna Loa road, down to the cliffs overlooking the wild Kau coast, or up to koa forests on the mid-slopes of Mauna Loa.
		Mauna Iki, a small shield formed in the 1920 eruption is ascended, then down to a Keoua’s army’s footprints left in volcanic ash, thought to be dated around 1790.
	www.hawaiiankineadventures.net /daytime.html (700 words)

	"V11B-0587" in fm06
		We contrast the seismic and geodetic data gathered during Kilauea's two longest monitored eruptions, Mauna Ulu (1969-1974) and Pu'u ‘O'o-Kupaianaha (1983-ongoing).
		For episodic high-fountaining episodes we calculate eruption efficiency as the ratio of erupted lava corrected for 20% vesicularity to the volume of magma calculated from summit deflation (2).
		Mauna Ulu was characterized by overall inflation of Kilauea's summit, including during continuous eruption, and by the occurrence of intrusions and eruptions elsewhere on the volcano.
	www.agu.org /cgi-bin/wais?hh=V11B-0587 (527 words)

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