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	Maurice Papon - Telegraph
		Maurice Papon, who died on Saturday aged 96, was the former French cabinet minister convicted in 1998 of having helped the Nazis to deport Jews to concentration camps during the wartime occupation of France.
		Papon's trial was the overdue calling to account of one prominent collaborator, but he stood in the dock as the representative of the thousands of French men and women who had actively served the Vichy state, and of the millions who had quietly acceded to German rule and its consequences.
		Maurice Arthur Jean Papon was born at Gretz-Armainvilliers, to the east of Paris, on September 3 1910.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/02/19/db1901.xml (1399 words)

	Maurice Papon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Papon was born in the Seine-et-Marne region of northern France, on September 3, 1910.
		Papon was accused of ordering the arrest and deportation of 1,560 Jews, including children and the elderly, between 1942 and 1944.
		Papon was convicted in 1998 and given a 10-year prison term, which was criticized by some for being relatively short.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maurice_Papon (1361 words)

	Maurice Papon
		Maurice Papon was chief of the police on October 17, 1961 when, after a peaceful march organized by the Algerian National Liberation Front, a large number of Algerian civilians were killed in Paris by French police.
		Papon was found guilty of ordering the arrest and deportation of 1,560 Jews, including children and the elderly, between 1942 and 1944.
		Papon was the second Frenchman to benefit from that new law (March 4, 2002 law), while 27 French octogenarians were imprisoned in 2001.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Maurice_Papon.html (422 words)

	NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Maurice Papon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Papon was chief of the Paris police on October 17, 1961 when, after a peaceful march organized by the Algerian National Liberation Front, a large number of Algerian civilians were killed in Paris by French police.
		Following a surprise decision by the French court of appeals, Maurice Papon, a former high-ranking official in the Nazi puppet regime of Marshal Pétain and prefect of police under Charles de Gaulle, was released from a Paris prison on September 19.
		Papon’s lawyers were able to base their case on what the press called the “Papon amendment”, recommended by the Senate in July 2000 and ratified on March 4, 2002.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Maurice-Papon (2922 words)

	Maurice Papon - Wikipédia
		Maurice Papon, né le 3 septembre 1910 à Gretz-Armainvilliers (Seine-et-Marne) est un homme politique et haut-fonctionnaire français, condamné en 1998 pour complicité de crimes contre l'humanité, pour des actes commis en tant que fonctionnaire du régime de Vichy.
		Papon a été jugé coupable d'avoir ordonné l'arrestation de 1 560 juifs, dont des enfants et des personnes âgées, entre 1942 et 1944.
		Papon est le deuxième français à bénéficier de cette loi, alors que 27 octogénaires français sont entrés en prison en 2001.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maurice_Papon (1414 words)

	Maurice Papon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Papon was chief of the police on October 17 1961 when after a peaceful march organized the Algerian National Liberation Front a large number of Algerian civilians were killed in Paris by police.
		Papon's lawyers argued that he merely a mid-level official not the person decisions about who to deport; his lawyers argued that he in fact did the good he could given the circumstances ensuring those deported were treated well while in custody.
		Papon was convicted in 1998 and given a 10-year prison term was criticized by some for being relatively His lawyers filed an appeal but Papon to Switzerland ; his appeal was summarily denied due a French law that required appellants to the night before the hearing in jail.
	www.freeglossary.com /Maurice_Papon (689 words)

	Section européenne - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Maurice Papon was born in the Paris region in 1910, the son of a solicitor-turned-industrialist.
		Papon has appealed the verdict with the superior appeals court (the "Cour de Cassation"), the decision of which will probably be known within a year's time.
		Papon had been charged in 1997 on the basis of his activities from 1942 to 1944 as Secretary General in Bordeaux for the Gironde region.
	apella.ac-limoges.fr /lyc-perrier-tulle/europ/news/nw_papon.htm (915 words)

	Biography of Maurice Papon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Maurice Papon (born September 3, 1910) was an official of the French Vichy government, which collaborated with Nazi Germany in World War II.
		Papon was chief of the police on October 17, 1961 when, after a peaceful march organized by the Algerian National Liberation Front, a large number of Algerian civilians were killed in Paris by French police.
		Papon's lawyers argued that he was merely a mid-level official, not the person making decisions about who to deport; his lawyers even argued that he in fact did the most good he could given the circumstances, ensuring that those deported were treated well while in his custody.
	biography-2.qardinalinfo.com /p/Papon_Maurice.html (746 words)

	Maurice Papon \| Obituaries \| Guardian Unlimited
		In 1981, Maurice Papon, who has died aged 96, was the minister for the budget in the administration of Prime Minister Raymond Barre, when his role in the deportation of French Jews during the second world war was uncovered.
		Papon remained in Bordeaux until October 1945, when he was once more appointed to the ministry of the interior, where he again showed his political adaptability by becoming enthusiastic for the socialists.
		Papon always claimed that he was the victim of a political trial that had caused him great suffering and the death of his wife, who died during the trial.
	www.guardian.co.uk /obituaries/story/0,,2016026,00.html (1770 words)

	CNN.com - Nazi collaborator loses appeal - Feb. 26, 2004
		Papon was found guilty in 1998 of complicity in crimes against humanity but was freed on health grounds after serving three years of a 10-year sentence that he began only in 1999.
		Papon's lawyers are trying to show the court was wrong to reject an appeal he made in October 1999 when he had fled to Switzerland instead of going to prison.
		Papon, who was not present when Thursday's decision was announced, has denied any wrongdoing despite his conviction for his wartime role as prefect of the southwestern region of Gironde under the collaborationist Vichy leadership.
	www.cnn.com /2004/WORLD/europe/02/26/france.papon.reut (543 words)

	France's release of Maurice Papon: an incitement to political reaction
		As secretary general of the Gironde prefecture from 1942 to 1944, Papon organised the deportation of approximately 1,600 French Jews from the Bordeaux area to Auschwitz, where almost all were murdered in the Nazi gas chambers.
		“Maurice Papon is completely obsessed with his court case and spent his whole time in gaol picking to pieces all the testimony presented against him....
		Papon’s release and the prospect of his potential rehabilitation amount to a political appeal to finally dispense with the so-called “Vichy syndrome”.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/oct2002/pap-o10.shtml (1270 words)

	Paris massacre of 1961 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The career of Maurice Papon, Parisian head of the police in the 1960s and budget minister under Valéry Giscard d'Estaing's presidency in the 1970s, is a brillant illustration of the institutional racism which impregnated the French police until at least the 1960s.
		Papon would only be convicted in 1997-98 for crimes against humanity, because of his responsibility in the deportation of 1,560 Jews, including children and the elderly, between 1942 and 1944.
		According to historian Jean-Luc Einaudi, the head of the police Maurice Papon had 7,000 policemen, 1 400 CRS and gendarmes mobiles (riot police and constabularies) to block this demonstration, to which the Prefecture of Police hadn't given its accord (mandatory for legal demonstrations).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paris_massacre_of_1961 (3390 words)

	Switzerland sends Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon back to France
		Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon, arrested in Switzerland Thursday night, was sent back to France on Friday to begin serving a ten-year prison term for crimes against humanity.
		Papon, a senior member of the French wartime Vichy administration, aided the Nazis in the deportation of over 1,500 Jews to the concentration camps, including Auschwitz, where most perished.
		The 89-year-old Papon, convicted last year by a court in Bordeaux, was arrested during the night at a luxury hotel in the Swiss ski resort of Gstaad.
	www.wsws.org /articles/1999/oct1999/papon-o23.shtml (740 words)

	USATODAY.com - French wartime collaborator leaves prison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		PARIS (AP) — Wartime collaborator Maurice Papon, convicted of sending French Jews to Nazi death camps, was released from prison Wednesday after a court ruled he was too old and sick to serve out his 10-year sentence.
		Papon was convicted in 1998 of complicity in crimes against humanity and spent three years behind bars.
		Papon led the Bordeaux area police during the Nazi occupation of France and was convicted in 1998 for signing orders that led to the deportation of 1,690 Jews from Bordeaux from 1942-44.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2002-09-18-papon_x.htm (860 words)

	Maurice Papon: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Papon was chief of the Paris police[For more, click on this link] on October 17, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Papon's lawyers argued that he was merely a mid-level official, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Papon was convicted in 1998 and given a 10-year prison term, EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/maurice_papon.htm (1984 words)

	Metropole Paris 'Au Bistro' News Column (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		October 1997:- Maurice Papon, who is on trial charged with 'crimes against humanity' for his war-time role in the arrest and deportation to Nazi death camps of 1,560 French Jews from the Bordeaux region, last weekend had a calm and comfortable time at a first-class château-hôtel in the Médoc.
		Papon was asked to quit the château-hôtel and for the rest of the week there were radio reports about his difficulties in finding lodgings.
		On this day, Maurice Papon's lawyers were telling the court the only place he could safely stay was in the box in the courtroom, behind the bullet-proof glass - and they even appealed to journalists for aid in finding lodging - which was, of course, reported far and wide.
	www.wfi.fr /metropole/backissues/71020242/bistr242.html (971 words)

	LEMONDE
		Maurice Papon, l'ancien haut-fonctionnaire du régime collaborationiste français de Vichy, condamné pour complicité de crime contre l'humanité et libéré l'année dernière pour raisons de santé, sera bientôt convoqué par une juge d'application des peines qui pourrait ordonner une expertise médicale, a annoncé Le Journal du Dimanche.
		Les deux expertises médicales qui avaient provoqué l'élargissement de Maurice Papon - condamné à dix ans de réclusion criminelle pour avoir organisé en Gironde la déportation de 1 690 juifs entre 1942 et 1944 - avaient en effet estimé que le pronostic vital du prisonnier était en jeu.
		Maurice Papon, qui est âgé de 92 ans, a été libéré de la prison de la Santé le 18 septembre dernier en application de la loi de mars 2002 sur les droits des malades.
	www.franceradicale.org /francedepapon.htm (783 words)

	The Maurice Papon Trial
		On April 2, 1998, after the longest trial in all of French history, Maurice Papon, aged 87, was found guilty of complicity in "crimes against humanity," and sentenced to ten years' imprisonment as well as ten years' privation of his civic, civil, and family rights.
		The sentence passed on Maurice Papon ought not to surprise you.
		Happily for Varaut, Papon's insolvency would not cause the leading [defense] attorney much grief: among his clients are several rich representatives of the Jewish community, particularly Maurice Msellatti-Casanova and his son Charles, owner of the famous Champs-Elysees restaurant "Fouquet's" (Libération, Dec. 2, 1997).
	www.ihr.org /jhr/v17/v17n3p14_Faurisson.html (1672 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Maurice Papon a fait appel à Bordeaux de sa condamnation pour complicité de crimes contre l'humanité par la cour d'Assises de la Gironde le 2 avril 1998.
		Papon a alors soutenu que, frappé par une condamnation non-définitive, il devait bénéficier du nouveau recours institué en 2000.
		PARIS (AP) - Maurice Papon, 94 ans, a été condamné jeudi en son absence à 2.500 euros d'amende par le tribunal correctionnel de Melun (Seine-et-Marne) pour port illégal de décoration, en l'occurrence sa Légion d'honneur, a-t-on appris auprès du greffe du tribunal de grande instance de la ville.
	www.chez.com /constit/papon.html (8873 words)

	Maurice Papon - Wikipedia
		Papon war Polizeipräfekt in Paris, als nach einem friedlichen Marsch am 17.
		Papons Arroganz, seine Verachtung für das Gericht, seine Weigerung sich zu entschuldigen oder Reue zu zeigen, verabscheuten viele Menschen.
		Papon wurde schuldig befunden, die Festnahme und Deportation von 1560 Juden, darunter Kinder und alte Menschen, in der Zeit von 1942 bis 1944 angeordnet zu haben.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maurice_Papon (781 words)

	Maurice PAPON : Biographie de Maurice PAPON - JeSuisMort.com
		Maurice Papon a 9 ans lorsque son père, de centre-gauche, devient maire de Gretz, poste qu'il conserve jusqu'en 1937 et qu'il complète par celui de conseiller général du canton de Tournan-en-Brie et de président de ce même conseil en 1937.
		Maurice Papon a eu de nouveau affaire à la justice en 2004-2005, pour avoir arboré illégalement la Légion d'honneur en public, alors que ses décorations lui avaient été retirées suite à sa condamnation.
		Maurice Papon a été inhumé le 21 février 2007 dans le cimetière de Gretz-Armainvilliers aux côtés de ses parents et de sa femme, Paulette, décédée en mars 1998, deux jours avant la fin du procès.
	www.jesuismort.com /biographie_celebrite_chercher/biographie-maurice_papon-1614.php (2837 words)

	CNN - Papon found guilty of war crimes, gets 10 years in prison - April 2, 1998
		BORDEAUX, France (CNN) -- Maurice Papon, a former official of the pro-Nazi Vichy regime who later rose to be a French Cabinet minister, was convicted Thursday of complicity in crimes against humanity during World War II and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
		The nine-member jury and three judges began their deliberations Wednesday afternoon after Papon, in a final emotional speech to the court, denied all charges against him and blamed the proceedings for the death last week of his wife of 66 years.
		Papon argued throughout the trial that he was not zealously aiding the Nazis, but was merely a functionary relaying orders from his superior, Maurice Sabatier, now dead.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9804/02/papon.guilty (864 words)

	CNN.com - Anger as Papon enjoys freedom - Sep. 19, 2002
		Papon, 92, had been the most senior official from the pro-Nazi Vichy regime tried for crimes against humanity and for helping send Jews to Nazi death camps.
		Papon was jailed in 1998 at the end of the longest trial in French history after been convicted for complicity in crimes against humanity for his role in deporting 1,690 Jews.
		After the war, Papon, who has had triple coronary bypass surgery and is fitted with a pacemaker, became Paris police chief in 1958, a post he held until 1967.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/09/19/papon.reax (508 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Europe \| Maurice Papon: Haunted by the past
		Maurice Papon deftly switched allegiances, moving up the political ladder under both the Nazis and post-war government until his war crimes caught up with him.
		Maurice Papon was born in the Paris region in 1910, the son of a solicitor-turned-industrialist.
		Papon told the court that he kept his job to try to help the Resistance and conduct an underground struggle to help Jews.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/71192.stm (730 words)

	The Trial of Klaus Barbie: Maurice Papon
		Maurice Papon, a former official of the pro-Nazi Vichy regime who later rose to be a French Cabinet minister, was convicted April 2, 1998 of complicity in crimes against humanity during World War II and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
		Specifically, Papon stood trial for ordering the arrest for deportation of 1,560 Jews, including 223 children, during 1942-1944 when he was the Vichy collaborationist regime's number two official in the Bordeaux region and supervisor of its Service for Jewish Questions.
		Although Papon the beaureaucrat's hands were not as bloody as Barbie's, the 87-year-old defendant was nevertheless accused of crimes against humanity.
	members.aol.com /voyl/barbie/papon.htm (773 words)

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