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Topic: Maurice Wilkes

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Microprogram

Turing Award

Manchester Mark I

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John von Neumann

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Ada programming language

John Wilkes

EDVAC

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	Maurice Vincent Wilkes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maurice Vincent Wilkes (born June 26, 1913 in Dudley, Staffordshire, England) is a British computer scientist, credited with several important developments in computing.
		Wilkes was called up for military service during WWII and worked in radar and operational research.
		Wilkes is also credited with the idea of symbolic labels, macros, and subroutine libraries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maurice_Wilkes (769 words)

	Maurice V. Wilkes
		Wilkes' initial brief was to supervise the construction of the new differential analyzer and visit Manchester University to gain experience on the differential analyzer there.
		Wilkes was given the opportunity of one night in which to read and digest the document which described the stored program computer concept.
		Wilkes jumped at the chance to go and, although he arrived late owing to post war shipping shortages, he was in time for the detailed description of the ENIAC and the discussion of the EDVAC principle.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~history/Wilkes.html (2477 words)

	Maurice Vincent Wilkes -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wilkes was called up for military service during (Click link for more info and facts about WWII) WWII and worked in (Measuring instrument in which the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects) radar and operational research.
		Wilkes is also credited with the idea of symbolic labels, (A single computer instruction that results in a series of instructions in machine language) macros, and subroutine libraries.
		In 1956 he was elected a Fellow of the (An honorary English society (formalized in 1660 and given a Royal Charter by Charles II in 1662) through which the British government has supported science) Royal Society.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/maurice_vincent_wilkes.htm (813 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Maurice Vincent Wilkes (born June 26, 1913 in Dudley, Staffordshire, England) is a British computer scientist.
		His most famous accomplishments were the construction of the first operating stored program computer, EDSAC in June, 1949 and the invention of microprogramming, (published in IEEE Spectrum in 1955).
		In 2002, Wilkes moved back to the Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, where he is currently an Emeritus Professor.
	www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/m/ma/maurice_wilkes.html (564 words)

	Ivars Peterson's MathLand
		That summer, Maurice V. Wilkes, who headed the laboratory and had led the effort to build the EDSAC, decided that the machine was ready for a more complicated task than calculating the squares of numbers or determining primes.
		Wilkes rediscovered this short, fragile paper strip in 1980 while clearing out his drawers and cupboards shortly before his retirement from what had become the Computer Laboratory.
		Wilkes recalls in his memoirs, "By June 1949, people had begun to realize that it was not so easy to get a program right as had at one time appeared.
	www.maa.org /mathland/mathland_7_8.html (1165 words)

	Maurice Margarot
		Maurice Margarot, the son of a wine importer from France, was born in Devon in 1745.
		Maurice Margarot died in a poor hospital in St Pancras, London on 11th November 1815.
		Maurice Margarot was of middle stature and had been handsome in his youth, was well-proportioned, full of pleasantry and anecdote, with elegant manners - a scholar and a gentleman.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /PRmargarot.htm (1480 words)

	Wilkes, Maurice Vincent - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Wilkes, Maurice Vincent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wilkes was born in Dudley and studied at Cambridge.
		Wilkes chose the serial mode, in which the information in the computer is processed in sequence (and not several parts at once, as in the parallel type).
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Wilkes,+Maurice+Vincent (265 words)

	Charles Babbage Institute: RESEARCH PROGRAM> Current research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Maurice V. Wilkes, then of the Mathematical Laboratory of Cambridge University, invented microprogramming technique several months after observing the Whirlwind computer on a visit to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1950.
		At the time, Wilkes was troubled by what he termed the “irregular structure” of control circuits in parallel computing machines.
		The solution, noted Wilkes, “could only be achieved by giving the control unit the full flexibility of a programmed computer in miniature.” This meant that the operation code could now be written entirely at the discretion of programmers themselves, custom-tailoring the hardware architecture.
	www.cbi.umn.edu /shp/entries/microprogramming.html (547 words)

	The machine that changed the world - Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sir Maurice Wilkes: 'The extraordinary thing is that progress was enormously fast in those first 10 to 15 years and in the last 15 years it has been as fast or even faster.
		Sir Maurice Wilkes drives daily to the Cambridge Computer Laboratory, where he has an office as emeritus professor, and his mind is as agile as ever.
		Wilkes, who was the same age as Turing and went up to Cambridge with him in the same year, recalled: 'I liked him.
	www.computing.co.uk /personal-computer-world/features/2045826/machine-changed-world (2291 words)

	COLLOQUIUM DE ROCQUENCOURT - 09/12/1997 - Maurice V. Wilkes
		In 1974, it appeared to Wilkes that the time had come when local area networks based on traditional telecommunication technology might profitable be replaced by networks of much wider bandwidth based on computer technology.
		Since 1980 Wilkes has worked in industry, first with DEC in Massachusetts and now with the Olivetti and Oracle Research Laboratory in Cambridge, England, where he is staff advisor on research strategy.
		The latter was based in part on a regular column that Wilkes wrote for the Communications of the ACM between April 1990 and July 1993.
	www.inria.fr /actualites/colloques/1997/COLLOQUIUM971209-fra.html (546 words)

	Computer History Museum - 2001 Fellow Award Recipient, Maurice V. Wilkes
		Maurice V. Wilkes was born in England in 1913.
		In 1946, Wilkes attended the Moore School lectures on computers in Philadelphia, and immediately afterward began working on the EDSAC, which became functional in 1949.
		In 1974, Wilkes concluded that local area networks could be more effective if based on computer rather than telecommunications technology.
	www.computerhistory.org /events/hall_of_fellows/wilkes/index.shtml (379 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Computer pioneers given UK honours
		He said the knighthood was "a wonderful sign of the times that a man that started his life in an ordinary working class background should, through hard work and application, be honoured by his country".
		Maurice Wilkes led the Cambridge University team that developed the Edsac - Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator.
		Earlier in 1999, Professor Wilkes was reunited with his colleagues for a 50th anniversary party.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_584000/584272.stm (691 words)

	David Wheeler
		As a member of the team working with Maurice Wilkes on Cambridge’s Edsac (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer), he was responsible for the system that provided instructions to the computer, and the innovations he made at the time still form the basis of modern computer programming.
		During this period Maurice Wilkes was working in the reopened Mathematical Laboratory, as the Computer Laboratory was known until 1970, on a project to build a stored-program electronic computer called Edsac.
		Maurice V. Wilkes, David J. Wheeler, and Stanley Gill, The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer, Special Reference to the EDSAC and the Use of a Library of Subroutines 1951 (reprint, Los Angeles, 1982).
	www.thocp.net /biographies/wheeler_david.htm (1429 words)

	[No title]
		After seeing Wilkes' project, Thompson told me he was impressed by the squareness of the pulses he saw on an oscilloscope in the lab (even though he had no knowledge of electronics).
		Maurice Wilkes is kneeling in the center behind the mercury delay lines.
		We decided that LEO needed multiple channels for both input and output, to be fitted with buffers that could be read in a single operation and were large enough to hold all the data items of a given kind, e.g., one person on the payroll.
	ed-thelen.org /comp-hist/TheCompMusRep/TCMR-V21.html (2784 words)

	Charles Babbage -- Part II
		Wilkes, Maurice V. "Babbage, Charles" in Ralston, Anthony, and Edwin D. Reilly, Jr.
		Wilkes, Maurice V. "Babbage's Expectations for the Diff.
		Wilkes, Maurice V. "Babbage and the Colossus", (CQD), Ann.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~history/Babbage.2.html (843 words)

	Science through the Centuries: The Birth of Computer Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Babbage would have to wait until the twentieth century, and the arrival in Cambridge of Maurice Wilkes, for his conception to be fully realised.
		Prior to the arrival of Maurice Wilkes, the Computer Laboratory was known as the Mathematical Laboratory and worked on mechanical calculators and analogue computers.
		The Laboratory is due to move to new premises to the west of Cambridge in the summer of 2001.
	www.admin.cam.ac.uk /univ/science/sciencetour/newton_people.html (163 words)

	[No title]
		MAURICE V. Babbage's expectations for his Difference Engine were those of a young enthusiast.
		Maurice V. Wilkes was formerly Professor of computer technology at Cambridge, England, and was head of the Computer Laboratory.
		They appeared to proceed on the assumption that the only way to find errors in a table was to repeat the calculations or, ideally, to compare the table with one computed entirely independently.
	ed-thelen.org /bab/Wilkes-Babbage.html (3426 words)

	Maurice V. Wilkes - Short Biography
		Since 1980 Wilkes has worked in industry, first with DEC in Massachusetts and later with the Olivetti Research Laboratory in Cambridge, England.
		In 2002, Wilkes moved back to the Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, where he is an Emeritus Professor.
		Wilkes is a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /~mvw1/short-biography.html (430 words)

	Caleah's Web Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wilkes was appointed as University Demonstrator (closely equivalent to Assistant Professor) and was selected to supervise the construction of the new differential analyzer which would be the main equipment for the laboratory.
		Wilkes left the university for war service in 1939 and worked in radar and operational research.
		Maurice Wilkes personal webpage gives a short biography of himself beginning with his current position as the Director of AT&T Laboratories in Cambridge.
	www.willamette.edu /~cconrad/lab0.html (316 words)

	Millennium Honours: Cambridge academics in New Year list (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Professor Maurice Wilkes was awarded a knighthood in recognition of his pioneering work in computing.
		Now eighty-six, Professor Wilkes played a prominent part in the setting up of the EDSAC computer, which was the world's first fully operational computer in general use.
		Maurice Wilkes during the creation of the historic EDSAC computer, which came into use in Cambridge in 1949.
	www.admin.cam.ac.uk /news/dp/2000010701 (380 words)

	Commencement '96: Honorary Degree Recipients
		During this period he became increasingly active in Palestinian affairs, often representing the PLO in Washington and at the U.N., and ultimately rising to the position of chairman of the political committee of the Palestinian National Council.
		Maurice Wilkes, a pioneer in the development of the modern computer, is Professor Emeritus of Computer Technology at the University of Cambridge and Advisor on Research Strategy at Olivetti Research Limited in Cambridge, England.
		Dr. Wilkes is a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society, a Foreign Associate of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and U.S. National Academy of Engineering, and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
	www.upenn.edu /almanac/v42/n28/degrees.html (1301 words)

	Letter in response to M. V. Wilkes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It is sad to see the distinguished computer scientist Maurice V. Wilkes repeating an old, tired, and very wrong argument about the possibility of artificial intelligence.
		The essence of Wilkes' argument is that digital computers cannot simulate the operation of the analog brain.
		Not only is the operation of the brain digital in part -- neurons fire in discrete spikes -- but Wilkes falsely assumes that the brain can make use of unlimited analog accuracy.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /users/novak/cacm92.html (320 words)

	The Science Bookstore - Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Maurice V. Wilkes at Cambridge University uses assembler (symbolic assembly language) on EDSAC.
		Maurice V. Wilkes introduces the concept of microprogramming.
		UNIVAC I is installed at the Bureau of Census using a magnetic tape unit as a buffer memory.
	www.thesciencebookstore.com /chron.asp?pg=36 (1042 words)

	50th anniversary for world-first computer - Computeract!ve (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Fifty years ago today, computing history was made when Maurice Wilkes and his team at the University of Cambridge won the race to produce the world's first 'working' stored-program computer.
		Wilkes' project Edsac (electronic delay storage automatic calculator) went live computing a table of square roots.
		Wilkes, a contemporary of UK computing legend Alan Turing, has never quite gained the recognition his rival won.
	www.computeractive.co.uk /computing/news/2066382/50th-anniversary-world-first-computer (374 words)

	Maurice Vincent Wilkes - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1980 he retired from his professorships and post as the Directorate of the laboratory and joined the central engineering staff of Digital Equipment Corp. in Maynard, Massachusetts.
		Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer (History of Computing)
		Contemporary Authors : Biography - Wilkes, Maurice (Vincent) (1913-)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /maurice_wilkes.htm (775 words)

	Computing Perspectives by Maurice Wilkes, ISBN 1558603174 And American Beauty: The Shooting Script by Alan Ball, ISBN ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Computing Perspectives by Maurice Wilkes, ISBN 1558603174 And American Beauty: The Shooting Script by Alan Ball, ISBN 1557044236
		Maurice Wilkes is considered to be one of the fathers of modern-day computing.
		He is one of the handful of computing pioneers still visible and active in the field.
	theultimatedocumentary.com /computingf.htm (267 words)

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