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Topic: Mauritian Creole

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Culture of Mauritius

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Mauritius

	Mauritian Creoles
		The ancestors of Mauritian creoles were slaves from different parts of Africa and Madagascar, brought there between 1715 (the beginning of French colonisation) and 1810 (when the slave trade was banned).
		In the contemporary context of a democratic, competitive capitalist society, the Creoles are at a distinct disadvantage because of their weak social organisation, and -- as has already been elaborated -- because of their relative lack of symbolic capital in Mauritian identity politics, which is largely a politics of invented traditions.
		The analogy from "creole societies", on the other hand, is important, and as I have argued, the situation of the Mauritian Creoles highlights important aspects of the theory of cultural creolisation: openness or vulnerability to change, cultural flexibility, impurity, individualism and fragility at the level of collective identity.
	folk.uio.no /geirthe/Creoles.html (4801 words)

	Kreol Morisyen, the Language of Mauritius
		Tu dimunn pu vini kreol - The Mauritian Creole and the concept of creolization
		Mauritian Creole, or MC, is the national language and is spoken by the majority of Mauritians.
		Like many French-lexicon creoles, MC words often incorporate the article as part of the form of the word.
	www.kreol.mu (189 words)

	Creole Links
		According to the Creole Heritage Center located in Natchitoches, Louisiana at Northwestern State University, Creoles are defined as individuals who are generally known as people of mixed French, African, Spanish, and Native American ancestry, most of whom reside in or have familial ties to Louisiana.
		In early 19th-century New Orleans, the term Creole was a way that these "born in the colony" cultural groups differentiated themselves from the many Americans who settled in the city after the Louisiana Purchase, and from the waves of German and other immigrants arriving in the area.
		Creole Cuisine-Creole cuisine was the creation of the French and Spanish settlers and their Black servants, and it is perhaps the best characterized by the sauces.
	www.joebee.com /html/creole.htm (913 words)

	Diglossia in Mauritian Creole
		Nonetheless there have been situations where the low variety has been introduced as the medium of instruction for the first three years of schooling (eg, the Seychelles), or where the choice of medium of instruction is left to the discretion of the principal.
		ithin the education system, the choice of language instruction in schools is left to the discretion of the Director and very often the teacher will use either Bhojpuri(1)or Mauricien (Mauritian French-based creole) so that students understand in the lower levels.
		However, because of long-standing prejudices among teachers and parents Creole and Bhojpuri are not readily accepted as 'languages' per se in education.
	www.encyclopedia.mu /Society/Language/Grammar.htm (811 words)

	Language Resources - M
		Mauritian Creole is a French-based creole spoken as a first or second language by c.
		Today the native speakers of Mauritian Creole are ethnically diverse, some with fl African ancestry, others of mixed descent, and still others from parts of Asia.
		Mauritian Creole is spelt in the Roman alphabet.
	www.langcen.cam.ac.uk /resources/lang-m/lang_m.php?c=9 (142 words)

	Mauritian Creole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mauritian Creole, also called Morisyen, is a creole language or dialect from Mauritius.
		The Creole dialect is used vastly for rapid dissemination of information among islanders, not commonly for official purposes or formal situations.
		Mauritian Creole has close ties with the French language pronunciation, but with a few marked differences - the Creole does not have some of the more deeper and rounded consonants that the French does.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mauritian_Creole (378 words)

	Isle de France Creole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Isle de France Creole originated in Mauritius in the eighteenth century, when Mauritius was known as Isle de France and the Seychelles were administered as a dependency of Mauritius" (Baker, personal communication, 1985).
		"Isle de France Creole is a French-based creole with at least 85 percent of the vocabularies of both of these languages of French origin and the remainder from various African, Asian and European Sources" (Philip Baker, personal communication, 1986).
		Baker (personal communication, 1985) reports that Mauritian Creole is spoken as a first or second language by all the citizens of Mauritius and its dependencies, who number a little more than one million (based on the 1963 census).
	www.isp.msu.edu /afrlang/language.php?id=23 (303 words)

	mauritius cuisine
		The story of a Mauritian starting the day with a continental breakfast, followed by an Indian Lunch and finishing off with a Chinese dinner is a common cliché.
		Mauritian strong ties to the French culture through its history have left a very French style of "savoir vivre" until now.
		The ever-present Creole rougaille is served with a number of "achards" (pickles) or dals and rice from Indian origin.
	mauritius.voyaz.com /cultural_cuisine.htm (568 words)

	Mauritius Restaurants, Tropicscope, Mauritian Cuisine
		The traditional base of Mauritian cuisine is definitely the curries and “rougailles” but instead of cooking and serving it the Indian way, they are simplified and commonly served with white rice and other beans.
		Mauritians of all origins have definitely adopted this combination in their everyday food and for many Mauritians of European origin it is the traditional Sunday treat that is looked forward to.
		Mauritian restaurants are often run like any other businesses with very little warmth and greet and are not so innovative in terms of venues and concepts.
	www.tropicscope.com /mauritius_restaurants.asp (953 words)

	Mauritius (09/06)
		Mauritian politics are vibrant and characterized by coalition and alliance building.
		Mauritian law is an amalgam of French and British legal traditions.
		The main engines of growth in the Mauritian economy, namely the sugar and textile industries, are faced with the erosion of preferential trade arrangements stemming from the proposed reforms of the European Union sugar regime, the phasing out of the Multi Fiber Agreement, and the increasing trend towards the globalization of world trade.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2833.htm (3009 words)

	History of Mauritius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mauritian Creoles trace their origins to the plantation owners and slaves who were brought to work the sugar fields.
		As the Indian population became numerically dominant and the voting franchise was extended, political power shifted from the Franco-Mauritians and their Creole allies to the Hindus.
		A coalition composed of the Mauritian Labor Party (MLP), the Muslim Committee of Action (CAM), and the Independent Forward Bloc (IFB)--a traditionalist Hindu party--won a majority in the 1967 Legislative Assembly election, despite opposition from Franco-Mauritian and Creole supporters of Gaetan Duval's Mauritian Social Democratic Party (PMSD).
	www.historyofnations.net /africa/mauritius.html (709 words)

	Review by:
		From French to Creole is really up to the spirit of its subtitle, as itÝ is focused more on the contact aspect of the development of the new vernaculars and the origins of their structural features than on the question of whether or not they are creoles.
		This is a more global approach, which highlights the fact that the development of creoles was not an isolated evolution, and that the extent of substrate influence seems to have varied from one cultural domain to another.
		However, just because the subordinate populations who developed creoles were exposedÝ to different models of the lexifier does not make their case so different that the substrate and superstrate hypotheses must be mischaracterized to suggest failure in language acquisition.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/mufwene/mufwe_Corne.html (2742 words)

	English Usage in Mauritius
		Because all Mauritians are exposed to English in schools, either as a subject or as the mode of instruction, most (73.23%) consider themselves to be functional in English (Emmerich 72).
		Meanwhile Mauritians are more likely to read and write in English on a regular basis (45-55%) than they are to speak in it (25%) (Emmerich 134).
		The Contribution of Non-Francophone Immigrants to the Lexicon of Mauritian Creole.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~cpercy/courses/6362-chiba.htm (2358 words)

	Educational CyberPlayGround: Creole, Dialect Speakers Language acquisition is one of the deepest legacies of ...
		Educational CyberPlayGround: Creole, Dialect Speakers Language acquisition is one of the deepest legacies of colonialism.
		However, given Creole's obscurity and the fact that there are scores of dialects scattered about the islands, some educators feel that it is politically and logistically difficult to use Creole in the classroom.
		Like indigenous languages around the world, a written form for Cape Verdean Creole was devised in the 19th century when missionaries and colonial officials needed a basic written language to carry out their work.
	www.edu-cyberpg.com /Linguistics/MassWriteCreole.html (1735 words)

	Curriculum Vitae - Dr. Dany Adone
		Amsterdam Conference of the Society of Pidgin and Creole Languages, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
		Symposium on Degrees of Restructuring in Creole Languages, University of Regensburg, Germany.
		Workshop on Creole languages at University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
	hometown.aol.com /mit2usa/Dany-CV.htm (620 words)

	The Creole Origins of AAVE: Evidence from copula absence
		A creole, in the classical sense of Hall (1966), is a pidgin that has acquired native speakers, usually, the descendants of pidgin speakers who grow up using the pidgin as their first language.
		Although linguists who address the creole issue typically concentrate on one kind of evidence, or at most two, there are at least seven different kinds of evidence which could be brought to bear on the primary question of whether AAVE was once a creole, each of them involving secondary questions of their own.
		By contrast, in three of the creole data sets (Barbadian, 1980s, Jamaican, and plural NPs vs pronouns in LSE), the ordering is reversed, with a nominal subject favoring copula absence more than a pronoun subject; in the case of the LSE and Barbadian 1980s data sets, the margins are substantial (.38,.65).
	www.stanford.edu /~rickford/papers/CreoleOriginsOfAAVE.html (12684 words)

	Creole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		As to making creole the primary language of the country and have French and English become secondary languages, I think that it would be a grave mistake for several reasons: 1) Haiti is a tiny country entirely and increasingly dependent on commerce with the outside world for its material survival.
		The Creole Institute at Indiana University is recognized as the only center in the United States that is equipped to deal in depth with linguistic and related educational issues in Haiti.
		Because of my traveling to Haiti, i did have to learn to speak Creole, it is one of the most beautiful language i have ever spoken, thru it i did have the chance to be in contact with your the Haitian people, your history and all the great things that your country has.
	www.haitiglobalvillage.com /sd-kreyol/Creole.htm (6271 words)

	About Mauritius Island - L'Île Maurice
		The Sega is a dance which originated from the ritual music of Madagascar and the mainland of Africa, and it is the Musical Expression of the Mauritian Way of Life: Joy, Carefree and Lively.
		Originally sung by men and women who had been sold as slaves but whose souls had remained sensitive to music, the Sega is nowadays a folksong which has integrated itself within the framework of our folklore.
		The dodo was not the only Mauritian bird driven to extinction in recent centuries.
	www.oldmaps.mu /WhereIs.htm (1105 words)

	Africa Point: Mauritius Travel Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The remaining population is composed mainly of Creoles, descendants of African slaves, and Franco-Mauritians, the original settlers of the island.
		English is the official language of the island, though you're bound to hear French, Creole (a melange of French and various African dialects) and a smattering of Indian languages.
		The island's main contribution to the performing arts is the Creole sega, a foot-shuffling, body-gyrating, downright erotic dance that's generally performed on the beach to the rhythm of Latin American, Caribbean and African pop.
	www.africapoint.com /travel/maurimore.htm (3102 words)

	The Pidgins and Creoles in Education (PACE) Newsletter
		The social and cultural implications of institutionalizing literacy in Creole are dealt with by Ulrich Fleischmann in “Language, literacy, and underdevelopment”.
		Haiti represents a particularly interesting case of deminorization in that the language involved, Haitian Creole (HC), developed from an approximative variety of another language, specifically French, in the context of the plantocratic system of the 17th and 18th centuries.
		One of the important factors which led to the deminorization of Haitian creole was its use in the schools as a medium of instruction and subject of study.
	www.hawaii.edu /satocenter/pace/3-publications.htm (1360 words)

	Habari Page 3 Review of Toufann (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Virahsawmy saw that Creole was "the most effective language for dramatic experiment" and "moving Shakespeare from English to Creole is moving an audience from a comfy elite to a popular majority.
		Creole is an ideal vehicle for the oral tradition and is after all the language of the people.
		The other Mauritian speaker was Roshni Mooneeram, who is currently at Leeds University doing the third year of her PhD on contemporary literature in Creole.
	www.africacentre.org.uk /habari3.htm (4116 words)

	PanAfrLoc \| PanAfrLoc / IsleDeFranceCreole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mauritian and Seychelles Creole are together classified as Isle de France Creole (Baker and Corne 1982).
		There are minor but recognizable phonological and vocabulary differences between Mauritian and Seychelles Creole and its dependencies of Rodrigues and Agalega.
		Seselwa Creole is official language and used in primary education.
	www.bisharat.net /wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/IsleDeFranceCreole (431 words)

	KMix :: Kreolmix.com :: International Creole Connection
		KMiX's mission is to bring all the Creole speaking islands together in one place to share their similar music, culture, art, and history.
		KreolMix's aim is to get all the Creole speaking people to get to know each other, and talk about their similar and different experiences.
		Also known as Seselwa, Seychellois Creole is an official language, along with English and French, as well as the lingua franca of the Seychelles.
	www.kreolmix.com (207 words)

	Andy Carvin's Waste of Bandwidth: Mo Kontan Monne Zwin U, Moris (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Like the Creoles found in the French Caribbean, Mauritian Creole evolved during the 18th and 19th centuries as slaves adopted French and incorporated African words and grammar.
		Over time, the Mauritian Creole also took on a certain number of English words, as well as elements of Malagasy and Indian languages.
		Today, Kreol Morisyen (Mauritian Creole) is the mother tongue of most Mauritians, even though French and English are the official languages of business and government respectively.
	www.edwebproject.org /andy/blog/000564.html (281 words)

	Mauritian Culture / Culture mauricienne
		Mauritian Creole - Kreol Morisyen - Kreol Morisyen, the language of Mauritius.
		The role of Mauritian Creole in the religious practices of Mauritian Muslims (Aaliya Rajah-Carrim) (.pdf document).
		The Mauritian authorities / Les autorités mauriciennes
	www.mauritiusottawa.org /culture.htm (943 words)

	The Head Heeb: Common tongues
		French is the language of Mauritian business and public discourse, and English, thanks to a century and a half of British colonialism, prevails in law and government.
		Even more to the point, both are much more useful than Mauritian Creole or Bhojpuri in communicating and doing business with the outside world; even in the case of India, English can open more doors than Bhojpuri.
		The preservation of Bhojpuri and Mauritian Creole in some form, or at least the translation of documents and literary works that exist in them, carries considerable cultural significance.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/025688.html (558 words)

	Seychellois Creole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since its independence in 1976, the government of the Seychelles has sought to develop Creole as a separate language, with its own orthography and grammar, establishing Lenstiti Kreol (l'Institut créole, the Creole Institute) for this purpose.
		Creole: Nou tou bezwen travay ansamn pou kree nou lavenir.
		Similarly in the plural, les Îles Éloignés Seychelles in French ('the Outer Seychelles Islands') becomes Zil Elwanyen Sesel in Creole.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Seychellois_Creole (288 words)

	Seychellois Creole, Creole spoken in Seychelles
		Seychellois Creole, also known as Kreol, is the lingua franca
		has sought to develop Creole as a separate language, with its own orthography and grammar, establishing Lenstiti Kreol (l'Institut créole, the Creole Institute) for this purpose.
		In Creole, the definite article (derived from the French le, la and les) forms part of the word, so that 'the future' is lavenir (as opposed to the French avenir).
	www.cerf-resort.com /seychellois-creole.html (183 words)

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