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Topic: Max Ernst

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	Max Planck - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (April 23, 1858 – October 4, 1947) was one of the most important German physicists of the late 19th and early 20th century; he is considered to be the inventor of quantum theory.
		Finally in January 1945 Erwin, to whom Max Planck had been particularly close, was executed by the Nazis because of his participation in the failed attempt to assassinate Hitler in July 1944.
		Max Born wrote about Planck: "He was by nature and by the tradition of his family conservative, averse to revolutionary novelties and sceptical towards speculations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Max_Planck (2693 words)

	Max Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ernst was involved in the War for nearly all of it's 4 years and emerged from it "a young man who wanted to be a magician and find the central myth of his age".
		Ernst pointed the way for Dada to develop - Surrealism was in embryo in Paris, but it was practically alive and pooing it's nappy in Cologne (although this wasn't recognised until 1922 when Ernst moved to Paris).
		Ernst's work was in tune with nature and the subconscious, he was already experementing with automatic writing and drawing and much of his art drew on the effect of his childhood trauma's on his subconscious.
	www.spa.ex.ac.uk /drama/dada/page13.html (673 words)

	Max Ernst
		Max Ernst was one of the most significant figures of Surrealism.
		Max Ernst was born on April 2, 1891 in Bruhl, near Cologne.
		Max was fifteen years old when it happened, and it shocked him so much that he even had hallucinations and nightmares about it.
	www.qsi.org /SVK/surrealism/max_ernst.htm (1473 words)

	Max Ernst - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Max Ernst helped to found the Dada movement, drawing a great deal of controversy with his 1926 painting The Virgin Spanking the Christ Child before Three Witnesses: Andre Breton, Paul Eluard, and the Painter.
		In 1938, the American heiress Peggy Guggenheim acquired a number of Max Ernst's works which she displayed in her new museum in London.
		Ernst claimed his sister was born soon after his bird died, but this could have been a story he invented to promote the "art" of his art.
	www.pomona.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Max_Ernst (882 words)

	The Daily Bleed: A Calendar Better than boiled Coffee!, Gallery of Saints & Sinners, Timeline, Labor, Radical, Arts, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		April 2 -- 1891 Max Ernst was born in Brühl, near Cologne, in the Rhineland.
		This is how he described the event in his mythic autobiography: The 2nd of April (1891) at 9:45 a.m Max Ernst had his first contact with the sensible world, when he came out of the egg which his mother had laid in the eagle's nest and which the bird had brooded for seven years.
		Max's relationship with Luise began in 1914, while she was a student of art history at the university in Bonn, where Max had enrolled in 1910.
	recollectionbooks.com /bleed/Encyclopedia/saints/StMaxErnst.htm (1649 words)

	Max Ernst
		Max Ernst is considered one of the founders of the Dada movement.
		Ernst was trying to see the world with “closed eyes”, representing his wishes to tap into the underlying meanings behind the real: to dig into the subconscious and express that super reality, which to the Dadaists and even more so to the Surrealists, would be a higher vision of truth.
		Ernst was a student of abnormal psychology from 1910 to 1914 at the University of Bonn and he has been noted as reading many of Freud’s works in Bonn during this time and among the two most influential were Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious and The Interpretation of Dreams.
	mama.indstate.edu /users/dada/Ernstmain.html (1779 words)

	Max Ernst
		Max Ernst, the French-German painter, graphic artist and sculptor, is one of the most innovative artists of the 20th century.
		Max Ernst discovers the adhesion method in 1920 for himself, when he coincidentally regards the catalog of a Cologne institute for teaching material.
		Max Ernst proceeds in such a carefully manner that the silhouette of the group of trees, determined by the sky, shows the character of the coincidence structure.
	www.balloon-painting.de /eernst.htm (1577 words)

	Max Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Max Ernst was born at Bruhl, near Cologne, the son of Philipp Ernst, teacher of the deaf and amateur painter, and his wife, Luise nee Kopp.
		Ernst taught himself to paint while studying philosophy and psychiatry at the University of Bonn (1909-1914) and exhibited his painting at the first German Autumn Salon in 1913.
		Ernst met the Surrealist artist Leonora Carrington and lived with her until 1940 when Ernst was arrested by the Nazis.
	www.fantasyarts.net /Max_Ernst.htm (507 words)

	Grafos Verlag - Max Ernst: his work
		Max Ernst was bound in life-long friendship with Paul Eluard - as well as with Arp - through a 'harmony of feeling and thought'.
		Max Ernst held that there was a stockpile of unused painting material in his subconscious, a hidden chain of irrational knowledge, poetic objectivity (hence the 'peinture automatique' which had so fascinated him), as a fountain of direct expression.
		Enraptured, Max Ernst speaks of birds, in particular of a type of magpie which is famous because of its habit of gathering only blue objects and laying them out somewhere as if on exhibit, in order to attract the attention of the female.
	www.grafos-verlag.com /ARTISTS/ENGLISH/ERNSW.htm (939 words)

	MSN Encarta - Max Ernst
		Max Ernst (1891-1976), German-born French artist, who was a seminal figure in both Dada and surrealism.
		Attracted by the Dadaists' revolt against convention, Ernst settled in Cologne and began to work in collage.
		After the invasion of France in World War II (1939-1945) Ernst was imprisoned; in the prison camp he worked with decalcomania, a technique of transferring pictures from specially prepared paper to glass or metal.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555595/Max_Ernst.html (293 words)

	The enduring significance of the work of Max Ernst
		Ernst explains the process of discovery of his collage: "One rainy day in 1919, finding myself in a village on the Rhine, I was struck by the obsession which held under my gaze the pages of an illustrated catalogue showing objects designed for anthropologic, microscopic, psychologic, mineralogic, and palaeontologic demonstration.
		Ernst's work was a vital ingredient in the transition from the negative anarchism of Dada to the positive examination of the nature of man by the surrealists.
		Ernst deepened his study of technique and its importance in the creative process, in an attempt to expose the myth of the creative genius, just as the surrealists attacked religious and political myths.
	www.wsws.org /arts/1998/oct1998/erns-o01.shtml (5006 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Warlick, Max Ernst and Alchemy
		Max Ernst's central role in determining surrealist imagery is well known, and he too referred to alchemy and its practitioners in statements concerning his life and intentions.
		In this task, Ernst played a significant role because of the knowledge of Freudian theory that he brought to the surrealist group early in its development, and because of his contributions to the sexualized nature of surrealist art.
		Because of Ernst's own claims to hermetic influences, several authors have discussed his work in alchemical terms, although in early studies there was a reluctance to explore his affinities to traditional alchemical symbolism, or to compare his art to hermetic imagery.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exwarmax.html (2012 words)

	ArtandCulture Artist: Max Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In autobiographical notes he states, "Max Ernst had his first contact with the world of sense on the 2nd of April, 1891 at 9:45, when he emerged from an egg his mother had laid in an eagle’s nest and which the bird incubated for seven years."
		While Ernst left his visual elements to the whimsical inclinations of his subconscious, he often derived his forms from Dadaist experiments in chance.
		Max Ernst: Dada and the Dawn of Surrealism
	www.artandculture.com /cgi-bin/WebObjects/ACLive.woa/wa/artist?id=94 (301 words)

	Max Ernst - Olga's Gallery
		Max Ernst was born on 2 April 1891 in Brühl, near Cologne, the first son of Philipp Ernst, teacher of the deaf and amateur painter, and his wife, Luise, née Kopp.
		In 1914 Ernst got acquainted with Jean (Hans) Arp, and their lifelong friendship began.
		With the outburst of the First World War Ernst was conscripted to the army, where he served in the field artillery till the end of the war, never dropping his interest in art.
	www.abcgallery.com /E/ernst/ernst.html (252 words)

	Max Ernst
		The radicality with which, in the course of a few months in 1919, Ernst demolished the institutional and definitional parameters of art both traditional and avant-garde was followed before the year was out by the building of the world of collage.
		"Again, the crux is this: Max Ernst's careful selection of seminal imagery employed in collages and all the variants of collage, and the formal criteria which determined the composition of the printer's plate prints, rubbings, overpaining,s montages of photographic positives and paste-ups of wood engravings all indicate the primacy of control.
		Max Ernst: Dada and the Dawn of Surrealism, by William Camfield.
	www.artchive.com /artchive/E/ernst.html (1887 words)

	Ernst, Max - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Ernst, Max (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ernst was born in Brühl, near Cologne, and studied philosophy at Bonn.
		In 1919 he was a leading figure in Dadaist demonstrations in Cologne, and going to Paris in 1920 he helped André Breton and Paul Eluard in founding the surrealist movement.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Ernst,+Max (291 words)

	Max Ernst. Biography. - Olga's Gallery
		Max Ernst was among those who shared the views and aims of the Surrealists and took an active part in founding the new movement.
		Ernst's invention of the frottage (pencil rubbings on paper or canvas) technique dates to the early 1920s.
		With the outbreak of the Second World War Max Ernst was arrested by French authorities for being a "hostile alien".
	www.abcgallery.com /E/ernst/ernstbio.html (1069 words)

	SHOCKING: The Virgin Spanking Christ Child (II) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Max Ernst was born in Bruhl, Germany, on April 2, 1891.He was a member of the Dada movement and a co-founder of Surrealism.
		Ernst was known for being a tireless experimenter.
		The German, Max Ernst (1891-1976), is hard to categorize: he invented one new method after another during his career, including frottage (laying paper over textured surfaces, making a rubbing with graphite, and using the marks as chance starting points for an image).
	www.finesite.webart.ru /shocking/virgin-2.htm (607 words)

	Ernst, Max on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Apart from the medium of collage, for which he is well known, Ernst developed other devices to express his fantastic vision.
		Max Ernst inventó el grattage hace 70 años.
		Finalists Announced for Pacific Northwest Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year(R) 2004 Award; Winners to Be Announced at the Awards Banquet on June 23, 2004.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/e/ernst-m1a.asp (915 words)

	Max Ernst
		Max Ernst (1891-1976) was born in Bruhl, near Cologne.
		Ernst joined the Surrealists in 1924, exhibiting in their first major show at the Galerie Pierre, Paris, and in the same year created, with Joan Miro, the decor for Romeo and Juliet.
		This Ernst is in a 26 3/4" x 33 1/4" flat fl finished contemporary triangular frame with a wide gild over dark red/brown burnt sienna gilded bevel.
	www.annalies.com /Gallery/Max_Ernst/max_ernst.html (396 words)

	The Anarchist Encyclopedia from the Daily Bleed: A Gallery of Saints & Sinners; Labor, Radical, Arts, Authors, Poets, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Leonora Carrington was the fourth woman whose life intersected that of Max Ernst in a major way.
		Ernst also painted Leonora, notably imbedded in a swampy jungle in Leonora in the Morning Light, 1940.
		Max Ernst, artist in many media, remembered primarily for his activities in the Dada period -- see Hans Arp, Hugo Ball, Tristan Tzara, & other fellow Dadas -- he was also one of the most important artists identified with the Surrealist movement, until André Breton "excommunicated" him.
	recollectionbooks.com /bleed/saints/StMaxErnst.htm (1706 words)

	Acquavella: Max Ernst's Biography
		Ernst joined the Dada movement in Cologne and in 1919 he began to work on collages and books composed of irrational images and fantastic landscapes.
		In 1949he was arrested in France as an enemy alien and escaped to New York where he was welcomed by the New York art world and made fantastical paintings that reflected his sadness and horror about the destruction in Europe.
		As an artist, Ernst’s accomplishment was to develop a syntax using found visual material in a controlled, narrative manner.
	www.acquavellagalleries.com /main/artist_bio.cfm?artist_id=137 (192 words)

	Guggenheim Collection - Artist - Ernst - Biography
		Max Ernst was born on April 2, 1891, in Bruhl, Germany.
		At this time he was interested in psychology and the art of the mentally ill. In 1911 Ernst became a friend of August Macke and joined the Rheinische Expressionisten group in Bonn.
		Ernst showed for the first time in 1912 at the Galerie Feldman in Cologne.
	www.guggenheimcollection.org /site/artist_bio_45.html (414 words)

	Max Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The last time I was in Paris there was a Max Ernst exhibition at the centre Georges Pompidou.
		Max Ernst is a well known painter / sculptor and dead.
		Max was also inspired by kebab meat, like that found in most kebab restaurants / vans.
	www.sobi.org /photos/places/Paris/ernst.html (259 words)

	Mark Harden's Artchive: "1925" - Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Then, suddenly and unexpectedly, a contract with Jacques Viot, courtier en chambre and adventurer, who had already signed on Miró and later, on Max's recommendation, was to place Arp under contract, too.
		Arp, Ernst, Miró - the trio that would win accolades a quarter of a century later in Venice.
		"Max, at the age of thirty-four, was at last able to settle down to his 'work', for the first time in his life.
	www.artchive.com /1925/ernst.html (122 words)

	Max Ernst at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		With Miro's help, Max Ernst pioneered grattage in which he troweled pigment from his canvases.
		In addition to helping to spawn Dadaism, in Montparnasse he was important in the birth of Surrealism where an artist used images in a way that made no logical sense, instead making the whims of their psyche the source of their subject matter.
		Max Ernst died on April 1, 1976, in Paris, France and was interred there in the Pere Lachaise Cemetery.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Max_Ernst.html (584 words)

	Max Ernst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Max Ernst (1891-1976) participated in two important movements in modern art history: Dada and Surrealism.
		Historians suggest that as a self-taught artist, Ernst's lack of formal training allowed him the freedom to explore new and unconventional techniques to accomplish his artistic goals.
		In exploring unique applications, Ernst behaved somewhat like a scientist, except that his investigations of science and nature were not undertaken objectively, but through personal psychological analysis.
	www.oakton.edu /news/events/gallery/Ernst.html (149 words)

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