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| | Werner Karl Heisenberg |
 | | Indeterminacy principles are characteristic of quantum physics; they state the theoretical limitations imposed upon any pair of noncommuting (i.e., conjugate) variables, such as the matrix representations of position and momentum; in such cases, the measurement of one affects the measurement of the other. |
 | | After the war he organized and became director of the Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics at Gottingen, moving with the institute, in 1958, to Munich; he was also, in 1954, the German representative for the organizing of CERN. |
 | | Widely acknowledged as one of the seminal thinkers of the 20th century, Heisenberg was honoured with the Max Planck Medal, the Matteucci Medal, and the Barnard College Medal of Columbia University. |
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