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Topic: Maximilian II

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Emperor Maximilian II

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian II of Bavaria

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Austrian Habsburgs

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	Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maximilian II of the Habsburg dynasty (July 31, 1527 – October 12, 1576) was king of Bohemia from 1562, king of Hungary from 1563 and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564 until his death.
		His first cousin Philip II of Spain, son of Charles V, was ahead of him in the line of succession, but under a 1553 agreement Maximilian displaced Philip as heir to the Imperial throne.
		Maximilian's policies of religious neutrality and peace in the Empire afforded its Roman Catholics and Protestants a breathing-space after the first struggles of the Reformation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (617 words)

	Maximilian II
		Maximilian II, Roman emperor, was the eldest son of the emperor Ferdinand I by his wife Anne, daughter of Ladislaus, King of Hungary and Bohemia, and was born in Vienna on the 31st of July 1527.
		He was unable, however, to obtain the consent of Pope Pius IV to the marriage of the clergy, and in 1568 the concession of communion in both kinds to the laity was withdrawn.
		Meanwhile the relations between Maximilian and Philip of Spain had improved; and the emperor's increasingly cautious and moderate attitude in religious matters was doubtless due to the fact that the death of Philip's son, Don Carlos, had opened the way for the succession of Maximilian, or of one of his sons, to the Spanish throne.
	www.nndb.com /people/401/000096113 (868 words)

	Maximilian II, 1527-76, Holy Roman emperor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		However, Maximilian yielded and in 1562 swore to remain a Catholic and to allow his immediate heirs to be educated in Spain.
		Maximilian granted a large degree of religious toleration in his Bohemian and Austrian possessions.
		A candidate for the throne of Poland to succeed Henry of Anjou (Henry III of France), he was elected (1575) by the Polish diet as rival king to Stephen Báthory.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ma/Maxi2HRE.html (222 words)

	Rudolph II - LoveToKnow 1911
		In 1572 he was crowned king of Hungary, three years later king of Bohemia; and in October 1575 he was chosen king of the Romans, or German king, at Regensburg, becoming emperor on his father's death in October 1576.
		As a convinced Roman Catholic he forwarded the progress of the counter-reformation, and in general the tolerant policy of Maximilian II.
		His education at the Spanish court and an hereditary tendency to insanity, however, made him haughty, suspicious and consequently very unpopular, while even in his best days the temper of his mind was that of a recluse rather than of a ruler.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Rudolph_II (876 words)

	Courtly Lives - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
		Maximilian was born on Maundy Thursday (March 22nd) in 1459, at Wiener-Neustadt and died in 1519, at age 60 years.
		Maximilian II was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and King of Bohemia and Hungary.
		Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, was born on July 31, 1527 and died October 12, 1576.
	www.angelfire.com /mi4/polcrt/MaximilianI.html (1623 words)

	Who is St. Maximilian Kolbe?
		Maximilian was born Raymond Kolbe in Poland, January 8, 1894.
		Maximilian started a shortwave radio station and planned to build a motion picture studio--he was a true "apostle of the mass media." He established a City of the Immaculata in Nagasaki, Japan, in 1930, and envisioned missionary centers worldwide.
		Maximilian Kolbe is considered a patron of journalists, families, prisoners, the pro-life movement and the chemically addicted.
	www.consecration.com /learn-more5.html (310 words)

	Decorations of the Kingdom of Bavaria
		In 1180, the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich II bestowed the Duchy of Bavaria on Otto von Wittelsbach.
		Bavaria was elevated to a kingdom and Elector Maximilian IV Joseph was proclaimed King of Bavaria as Maximilian I. The Bavarian Army joined Napoleon in his disastrous invasion of Russia and thousands of Bavarian soldiers died in the march on and retreat from Moscow.
		Maximilian II was known as a patron of the arts and was relatively liberal.
	home.att.net /~david.danner/militaria/bavaria.htm (1898 words)

	TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Maximilian II, like his great-grandfather and namesake, was not actually brought face to face with the national and European crisis which already during his reign seemed imminent.
		Maximilian's accession to the throne occurred midway between the outbreak of the French Religious Wars in 1562 and the first signals of the Revolt of the Netherlands in 1567 and 1568.
		Maximilian had many considerations to balance against one another; and in favour of intervention the strongest was perhaps the religious condition of his own hereditary dominions.
	www.uni-mannheim.de /mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh305.html (15559 words)

	MAXIMILIAN II - Online Information article about MAXIMILIAN II
		Meanwhile the relations between Maximilian and Philip of Spain had improved; and the emperor's increasingly cautious and moderate attitude in religious matters was doubtless due to the fact that the death of Philip's son, See also:
		Maximilian's power was very limited; it was inability rather than unwillingness that prevented him from yielding to the entreaties of Pope Pius V. to join in an attack on the Turks both before and after the victory of See also:
		The religious attitude of Maximilian has given rise to muck, discussion, and on this subject the writings of W.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MAR_MEC/MAXIMILIAN_II.html (1745 words)

	History of Art: Renaissance - Arcimboldo
		When Maximilian died, he was succeeded by his son Rudolph, who extended the same favour and love to Arcimboldo as his father had done.
		Maximilian II and Rudolph II kept extending them, and they provided exactly the right environment for Arcimboldo to thrive as an artist.
		Maximilian is crowned King of Bohemia and of the Roman Empire.
	www.all-art.org /early_renaissance/arcimboldo01biography.html (5933 words)

	Historical Data - koenig-ludwig.org
		He was the son of King Maximilian II Joseph and heir to the throne, born on August 25 1845 in Nymphenburg (Munich today).
		On June 9 1886 Ludwig II was declared incompetent based on a medical opinion, after he showed signs of mental illness and because he had ruined the Bavarian State finances with his building fanaticism.
		Maximilian was born on November 28 1811 in Munich as the son of King Ludwig I. Following his father's abdication he took over as his successor.
	www.koenig-ludwig.org /english/historical_data.php (615 words)

	Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Summary
		on Maximilian, II Maximilian II (1527-1576) was Holy Roman emperor from 1564 to 1576.
		Maximilian II's dealings with the German Protestants were made more difficult by the ferocious dogmatic hostilities between the several Lutheran sects and between the Lutherans and Calvinists.
		Maximilian II of the Habsburg dynasty (July 31, 1527 - October 12, 1576) was king of Bohemia from 1562, king of Hungary from 1563 and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564 until his death.
	www.bookrags.com /Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (1072 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Saint Maximilian Kolbe
		Maximilian returned to Poland on 29 July 1919 to teach history in the Crakow seminary.
		Within a month of their arrival, penniless and knowing no Japanese, Maximilian was printing a Japanese version of the Knight; the magazine, Seibo no Kishi grew to a circulation of 65,000 by 1936.
		For this work the presses were shut down, the congregation suppressed, the brothers dispersed, and Maximilian was imprisoned in Pawiak prison, Warsaw, Poland on 17 February 1941.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/saintm01.htm (1309 words)

	RULERS OF AUSTRIA (ÖSTERREICH)
		Eventually, Felipe’s son and Maximilian’s grandson Karl I (Karl V as emperor, Carlos I as king of Spain) found himself emperor and master of the Netherlands, Naples, Sicily and Spain, not to mention the transatlantic possessions of the Spanish crown.
		Son of Václav II of Bohemia; married Gertrud daughter of Heinrich son of Leopold VI of Bade
		Maximilian II Son of Ferdinand I; in Austria
	www-personal.umich.edu /~imladjov/AustrianRulers.htm (1001 words)

	+Beads of Inspiraton ~ St. Maxmilian Kolbe ~ Chaplets by Via Rosa+
		Maximilian himself has noted that those in heaven, unrestricted by earthly cares or concerns, can work "with both hands" for the special needs of those who call upon them for help.
		Maximilian had a deep love for Mary Immaculate and a terrific devotion to the Miraculous Medal, and is founder of the Militia Immaculata.
		Maximilian knew that prayer before the Eucharist is the ultimate source for fruitful Christian living.
	www.viarosa.com /VR/StMaximilian/Kolbe.html (3586 words)

	The My Hero Project - Maximilian Kolbe
		Maximilian Kolbe is remembered for his heroic actions during one of the cruelest periods of modern history.
		Father Maximilian and four companions were deported to Auschwitz on May 28th, 1941, which was then both a labor and a death camp.
		Francis Gajowniczek, the man for whom Maximilian Kolbe gave his life, survived the war and was present at the 1971 beatification (blessing) ceremony of Father Kolbe.
	myhero.com /myhero/hero.asp?hero=mkolbe (1303 words)

	Virtual Vienna Net - Through Billie Ann's Eyes - Maximilian II's Neugebaeude Renaissance Palace
		Maximilian II was a man of many interests beyond affairs of state.
		Maximilian died in 1576 before his Lust-Schloss was finished.
		Although Rudolf II, his son and successor, visited the Neugebaeude Schloss occasionally, the palace was mostly abandoned and its deterioration swift.
	www.virtualvienna.net /columns/billie/neugebaude/neugebaeude.html (1118 words)

	Arcimboldi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He was induced to move to Vienna in 1562 by Maximilian II to whom, on New Years' Day, 1569, he presented the first series of his signature vegetable portraits.
		In 1570 he traveled to Prague to produce a series of elaborate festival designs, and where he remained in the employ of Emperor Rudolf II (the middle child in the present picture) who preferred to reside in the Bohemian capitol.
		The portrait on our site depicts Maximilian II prior to his accession together with the future Empress Maria, his Spanish cousin (daughter of Charles V) and their children, Anna (who would wed her Spanish cousin, Phillip II), the future Emperor Rudolf II and the infant Archduke Ernst.
	www.polyhymnia-nyc.org /Arcimboldi.html (273 words)

	The Thirty-Years-War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ferdinand I (1556-1564) and Maximilian II (1564-1576) devoted most of their energy to fighting the Turks, while Rudolf II (1576-1612) preferred to dabble in astrology and to search for the philosopher's stone to turn base metals into gold.
		During their reigns, however, the Catholic revival was gathering momentum, and it remained only for Ferdinand II (1619-1637) to put the new Catholic fervor into action.
		Maximilian was an able prince who had consolidated his hold over his duchy and had organized a Catholic League.
	mars.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/30yearswar.html (2932 words)

	Home\|Collections\|Collections of Ambras Castle\|The Upper Castle\|Emperor Maximilian II with Family
		This group portrait is attributed to the painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo, who was active in Prague as a court portraitist for Ferdinand I, Maximilian II and Rudolf II.
		Depicted alongside Emperor Maximilian II are his consort, Maria of Spain, and their eldest daughter, Anna (born 1549); behind them is Rudolf (born 1552) and, in the cradle, Ernst (born 1553).
		The eldest son of Ferdinand I and Anne of Hungary, Maximilian II was born in 1527.
	www.khm.at /staticE/page1738.html (219 words)

	Prague during the Rule of Rudolph II (1583-1612 A.D.) \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Prague was founded in the late ninth century around the castle district of Hradcany, the oldest of the city's four districts, and became the imperial residence during the reign of Charles IV in the 1300s.
		Rudolf II, son of Maximilian II, was named Holy Roman Emperor in 1576, and returned the court to Prague in 1583, after its temporary relocation to Vienna.
		The emperor's ambitions as an architectural patron are evidenced by his redesign and expansion of the castle, the construction of a new town hall and archbishop's palace, and the commissioning of several new churches.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/rupr/hd_rupr.htm (817 words)

	King Ludwig II of Bavaria
		Ludwig II was born on 25 August 1845, heir to the illustrious Wittelsbach family which at that time ruled Bavaria from its capital, Munich.
		His father, Maximilian II, became king of Bavaria when Ludwig was two years old-Maximilian's own father, Ludwig I, had been forced to abdicate due to his involvement with a notorious Irish beauty who styled herself Lola Montez.
		Ludwig ascended the Bavarian throne in 1864 at the age of eighteen, when Maximilian II died after a short illness.
	www.fortunecity.com /victorian/dadd/1258/LudwigII.html (3275 words)

	Holy Roman Empire
		Francis II ruled thereafter as Francis I of the Austrian Empire (established in 1804).
		Usually, the king of Germany became emperor -considered by Europeans the title of most prestige- as soon as he was crowned by the pope.
		His son, Vittorio Emanuele II (Victor Emmanuel the 2nd) of Savoy led the armies that conquered what is now known as Italy over the years 1858 through 1871.
	www.arcaini.com /ITALY/ItalyHistory/HolyRomanEmpire.htm (387 words)

	Maximilian II - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Maximilian II 1811-64, king of Bavaria (1848-64), son and successor of Louis I.
		He had liberal tendencies and was a patron of art and learning.
		He hoped to create a union of small German states under Bavarian leadership as a counterweight to Austrian and Prussian influence in German affairs, but he was unable to do so.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-maxibav.html (213 words)

	Sir Maximilian Julius Bonn 1877
		Maximilian was born about 1877, the son of William Bernard Leo Bonn, in New York City, New York.
		He was named after HM King Maximilian II of Bavaria, as his grandfather had advised His Late Majesty on the Austrian encroachment of The City of Venice (The Bonn's being originally Venetian).
		He dedicated his studies at the Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitat, Munich, (where he achieved a distinction in economics), to the memory of his Patron, HM King Maximilian, as he bore the royal name of Maximilian in the late King's honour.
	members.cox.net /ghgraham/maxbonn1877.html (1033 words)

	Maximilian II - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Maximilian II" at HighBeam.
		FREE ADMISSION DAY and Family Activities at Philadelphia's National Liberty Museum Honor Heroism of Saint Maximilian Kolbe.
		(Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor of the Habsburg empire, 1493-1519)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-maxi2hre.html (325 words)

	Rhetorical Device \| Giuseppe Arcimboldo
		Arcimboldo was born into a distinguished Milanese family of archbishops (including his grandfather), jurists and artists (including his father, Biagio) in 1527 — the year Rome was sacked by the Imperial army of Charles V, Machiavelli died, and future emperor Maximilian II was born, the year before Albrecht Dürer died.
		He was to perform similar duties for Maximilian II’s son Rudolf II, when Rudolf ascended the Habsburg throne in 1576.
		Rudolf II was described by his contemporaries as “the greatest art patron in the world,” and Prague became, under Rudolf’s guidance, one of the leading centers of the arts and sciences on the European continent.
	rhetoricaldevice.com /GiuseppeArcimboldo.html (974 words)

	Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Maximilian II Emanuel (July 11, 1662 - February 26, 1726) was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector (Kurfürst) of the Holy Roman Empire.
		Maximilian inherited the elector's mantle while still a minor in 1679.
		By 1683 he was already embarked on a military career, fighting in the defense of Vienna against the attempt of the Ottoman Empire to extend their Islamic conquests further into Europe.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_elector_of_Bavaria (671 words)

	H-Net Review: Louis J. Reith on The Quest for Compromise: Peacemakers in Counter-Reformation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The book is divided into three major divisions: (1) the emergence of an irenic court; (2) Maximilian II and the high point of irenicism; and (3) the failure of irenicism, with a conclusion and final epilogue.
		In his opening chapter on the conversion of Maximilian's key advisor, Lazarus von Schwendi, from confrontation to conciliation, Louthan demonstrates that this irenicist was not born that way but developed into a convinced opponent of compulsion and force by virtue of certain defining experiences in his life.
		Opposition to Maximilian II's irenical court accelerated with the growth of Counter-Reformation activity at the courts of Rudolf II, culminating in the bloody Thirty Years War that followed.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=22146919960248 (2038 words)

	Guiseppe Arcimboldo
		The artist also served in the Hapsburg court in Vienna and Prague under Maximilian II and Rudolf II, but none of the portrait work that survives from these reigns can be attributed to Arcimboldo with any degree of certainty.
		These collections included objects from all over the world that were chosen for their unusual or exotic appearence, and it is thought that from arranging these items, Arcimblodo arrived at the idea of the "composite head" - paintings where human heads were composed of onjects like vegetables, flowers or animals, in a kind of mosiac.
		But Arcimblodo's most famous work may be "Vertumnus," which is a portrait of Rudolf II composed entirely of fruits and vegetables that he completed in around 1590.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/artists_retired/12864 (409 words)

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