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Topic: Maximum operating depth

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	speak mix man
		Today, most gas diving operations follow a planned decompression procedure of switching to one or more enriched air nitrox mixes during decompression, followed by pure O2 (or EAN 80) at the 20 f/6 m and 10 f/3 m stops in order to eliminate any helium as soon as possible, and maximize allowable oxygen partial pressures.
		Example: The MOD of air is found by setting the PO2 to 1.4 atm, FO2 to.21, and solving for depth; 1.4 = ((D/33)+1) x.21, or D = 186 f/57 m.
		At a PO2 of 1.6 atm, the MOD for air is 218 f/67 m.
	www.cisatlantic.com /trimix/AQUAcorps/mix/techspeak.htm (1265 words)

	Run Silent, Run Deep - Navy Ships
		Submarine operations and operational characteristics are largely determined by the accoustical properties of the ocean environment.
		The depth of the bottom of the surface layer of water is a great determinant of sonar performance from a hull-mounted surface-ship sonar because the target submarine may choose to proceed below the layer.
		Operating at periscope depth beneath a seaway, a submarine is in an unstable condition.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ship/deep.htm (2425 words)

	Maximum operating depth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The MOD is significant when planning dives using gases such as nitrox and trimix because the proportion of oxygen in the mix determines the maximum safe depth for breathing that gas.
		The maximum single exposure limits recommended in the NOAA Diving Manual are 45 minutes at 1.6 bar, 120 minutes at 1.5 bar, 150 minutes at 1.4 bar, 180 minutes at 1.3 bar and 210 minutes at 1.2 bar.
		Maximum Operating Depth (MOD) in metres of sea water for ppO2 1.2 to 1.6
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maximum_operating_depth (470 words)

	WHOI Marine Operations - Alvin User Manual - Safety (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Since Alvin operations are somewhat esoteric, and since they are carried out in an environment popularly imagined to be extremely hostile, the degree of risk incurred by the vehicle’s passengers can be easily exaggerated.
		The hull of the submersible is built to withstand an external pressure 25 percent greater than that experienced at maximum operating depth.
		In primary operation, four 250-pound releasable weights are carried at the start of the dive; two of these are dropped when the submersible reaches bottom to effect neutral buoyancy.
	www.whoi.edu /marine/ndsf/vehicles/alvin/userman_safety.html (605 words)

	Fill Express -- Maximum Operating Depths
		The MOD is the maximum depth to dive with a gas mixture containing a specific oxygen content.
		The MOD is a function of oxygen exposure, the breathing of a specific partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) for a specific amount of time.
		The maximum PO2 for sport diving is widely considered to be 1.6 ATA, limiting dives to 45 minutes.
	www.fillexpress.com /library/mod.shtml (142 words)

	Submarine depth ratings - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A submarine's depth ratings are a primary design parameter and measure of its ability.
		Since the designers incorporate margins of error in their calculations, crush depth of an actual vessel should be slightly deeper than its design depth.
		Test depth is the maximum depth that a submarine is permitted to operate at under normal (e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crush_depth (413 words)

	VOLUME IV
		To provide TYCOM policy with respect to the maximum allowable operating depths during trials, evolutions to be performed at the various depths, and the prescribed maximum water depth applicable in each case.
		In every instance where the maximum authorized operating depth is exceeded, a report shall be made in accordance with reference (a).
		The Deep Dive/Controlled Dive shall be made to the maximum operating depth in water specifically designated for such trials and under specific water depth restrictions in accordance with reference (b) or (c), as applicable, and as promulgated in the appropriate TYCOM/ISIC Operation Order.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/navy/jfmm/vol4/III_CH09.htm (694 words)

	guide2
		Maximum operating depth is 920 m (3,000 ft.).
		Maximum operating depth is 300 m (1,000 ft.).
		In its deep-water mode, ROPOS II operates to a maximum depth of 5,000 m (16,404 ft).
	marine.rutgers.edu /nurp/guide2.html (2801 words)

	USS Pampanito Tour - Forward Torpedo Room
		During Pampanito's first war patrol, she was damaged by depth charges; however, the crew was able to repair most of the damage at sea, and she continued on patrol.
		Under attack, Pampanito would submerge to her maximum operating depth of 400 feet, and somehow, if the truth were known, would go beyond to about 600 feet which was 50% beyond her allowed depth.
		Probably every submariner who ever experienced a depth charge attack yearned for the day he could climb out of the boat into the light of the day to see the sight of his own port.
	www.maritime.org /tour/tftrvr.htm (590 words)

	The Plankton Forums ~ Viewing topic - Ocean depths :: Marine Life Discussion Board
		Max depth to support photosynthesis: The fish that survive here are sit-and-wait predators that tend to have large mouths and specialized retinas to increase light reception.
		Maximum diving depth of the Sperm whale (average hunting depth is 400-1,200 m).
		Maximum operating depth of the three-person Russian submersibles Mir I and Mir II.
	planktonforum.org /viewtopic.php?t=327 (1948 words)

	Naval Technology - LR5 Submersible Submarine Rescue Vessel
		The system will consist of an unmanned remotely operated vehicle to locate the submarine, check for signs of life and provide emergency supplies and a three-person Submarine Rescue Vehicle which will be able to dive to depths down to 600m and rescue survivors, in groups of up to 15 at a time.
		The LR5 is capable of operating in seastate conditions generating up to 5m wave height and surface visibility of at least one nautical mile.
		The LR5 two 6kW electric motors give a maximum speed of 2.5 knots, which limits the rescue operations to conditions of a maximum 1.5 knots seabed current and the maximum operating depth is 500m.
	www.naval-technology.com /projects/lr5 (1036 words)

	DAR File No. 27658 (Section R317-3-10) UT Bull 2005-3 (2/1/2005)
		The minimum operating depth should be such that growth of aquatic plants is suppressed to prevent damage to the dikes, bottom, control structures, aeration equipment and other appurtenances.
		The maximum water depth shall be 6 feet (1.8 meters) in primary cells.
		Greater depth in subsequent cells may be deeper than 6 feet provided that supplemental aeration or mixing is incorporated in the design.
	www.rules.utah.gov /publicat/bulletin/2005/20050201/27658.htm (1711 words)

	EDS - Training - OEA for Surface Supplied Divers
		Maximum partial pressure exposure to oxygen is 1.4, with exceptional exposures to 1.5, for diving, and 1.6, for in-water decompression and 2.2 for Sur D O2 Oxygen enriched air mixes up to 40 percent oxygen for diving (FO2 of.40)
		The primary operational difference between this course and the oxygen enriched air for Occupational SCUBA diver training is the utilization of higher partial pressures of oxygen.
		This is possible because we can manipulate the gas mixture for minimum nitrogen "on gassing" of the divers tissues while descending and at depth, and then enhance the maximum nitrogen elimination while ascending and at the surface.
	www.envirodive.com /oea_ssd.php (790 words)

	Blogger: Email Post to a Friend
		6,562 feet: Maximum operating depth of the research submersibles Pisces IV and Pisces V. 8,038 feet: Depth of the hydrothermal vents at the Galápagos Rift, discovered in 1977.
		Of the few creatures found at these crushing depths, most are blind and have long tentacles - tiny invertebrates such as shrimp, basket stars, and small squids.
		19,685 feet: Maximum operating depth of the three-person Russian submersibles Mir I and Mir II.
	www.blogger.com /email-post.g?blogID=6322474&postID=110277228865488106 (852 words)

	SCR Planer
		This is the maximum depth where the velocity of the gas is still subsonic and delivers the required performance.
		Depth: The maximum depth of the dive is to be registered here.
		MOD: This is the maximum operating depth based on the O2 content of the supply gas (EANx).
	www.wern.com /id7.html (689 words)

	Structure Preventing Submarine Collapse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		There is the normal operating depth, a safe excursion depth, and then the"crush depth." Bob Erck ==================================================================== Christina, Naval attack submarines must be built with great structural strength to be able to withstand the enormous pressures at the depths they use for tactical purposes.
		The maximum depth for modern naval submarines is 800 to 900 feet; I do not believe any naval attack submarine can go below a depth of 1,000 feet with safety.
		At a depth of 1,000 feet, the pressure increases to 450 lb/inch^2 or 30 tons/foot^2.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/eng99/eng99449.htm (386 words)

	What is the Scorpene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		According to Indefence.com, among its performance characteristics what is 'outstanding is the maximum operating depth (without limit to he number of cycles) greater than 300 metres, maximum submerge speed of more than 20 knots, submerged range at 100 percent battery usage and speed of four knots for 134 hours/536 miles.
		The quarters are acoustically insulated from the platform on elastic insulators and there is air-conditioning in all quarters and operations areas.
		For maximum efficiency, all watch personnel work in the main control room throughout a normal eight-hour watch.
	us.rediff.com /news/2005/sep/12sub.htm (515 words)

	Tank Wraps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		One common method is to spray paint MOD numbers on the base of the cylinder, using a custom-made stencil.
		Another further disadvantage of marking MOD information on cylinders using paint or decals is that, once you permanently place, say, the number "70" on the side of a cylinder, it becomes a "dedicated" 70-foot (21 meter) bottle, and cannot be used -- even on a temporary basis -- for other depths.
		Yet another approach is to place two, parallel strips of bright-colored duct tape on the sides of the cylinder, and write MOD numbers on the tape using a permanent marker.
	www.diverite.com /TecTalk/stage/05.htm (666 words)

	Gas mixing and bottle marking for Technical diving (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		of the diver as to the maximum operating depth of the bottle in three inch high numbers.
		Tape can be used also, but nothing should be on the tank as to the contents other than the MOD and the dated analysis.
		past a depth for purposes of fear of decompression is too stupid to contemplate given the risk assumed in the process.
	www.divetekadventures.com /Technical_Gas_bottle_marking.htm (1044 words)

	USS S-49 (SS-160)
		The submarine was armed with five 21-inch torpedo tubes (four in the bow and one in the stern).
		This gave the boat a maximum operating radius of 8,000 miles at ten knots when transiting on the surface.
		Reduced to a hulk (read "demilitarized") by that company in 1936, but not scrapped, the S-boat was sold to an organization that operated the submarine as an "attraction." The submarine visited many ports in the United States and was "inspected" by interested people who toured through that submarine when she was open to visitors.
	www.ussubvetsofworldwarii.org /S-49.html (848 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Calculate the maximum operating depth for a specified nitrox mix and partial pressure of oxygen.
		Calculate the equivalent air depth for a specified nitrox mix and depth.
		Calculate your surface air consumption rate from the pressure used during a dive at constant depth for a specified period of time.
	www.podih2o.com /calculator.html (216 words)

	The US Navy
		The operator can control the ROV in all six degrees of freedom.
		The Deep Drone is a 7,200-foot depth rated Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV).
		The system is air transportable on military cargo aircraft and is designed to operate from various ships.
	www.navy.mil /navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4300&tid=100&ct=4 (198 words)

	HBOI \| Marine Operations \| JOHNSON-SEA-LINK I & II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		JOHNSON-SEA-LINK I & II JOHNSON-SEA-LINK I & II, HARBOR BRANCH manned submersibles devoted primarily to research in the marine sciences, are classed and certified to a maximum operating depth of 3,000 feet by the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS).
		These sophisticated and highly maneuverable free swimming submersibles have been in operation since 1971 and 1975.
		Maintained and operated by experienced and expert pilots and crews, they are further supported by in-house ocean engineers.
	www.hboi.edu /marineops/jsl.html (250 words)

	Townsend Bay Dive Port Townsend Washington - Dive Calculators
		Below is a calculator that converts depth in feet to ATA (The sum of atmospheric pressure plus hydrostatic pressure is called absolute pressure expressed as ATA) and PSI.
		One of the few disadvantages is, as the Partial Pressure of Oxygen increases (due to depth) so does your vulnerability to Oxygen Toxicity.
		Use the calculator below to check the MOD (Maximum Operating Depth) given a specific Nitrox mix.
	www.townsendbaydive.net /calculators/default.asp (547 words)

	VOLUME II
		Maximum Operating Depth The depth to the keel for a particular submarine which is authorized by
		Operating Depth Submarine Force, United States Pacific Fleet (COMSUBLANT/COMSUBPAC) upon the recommendation of NAVSEA, as the depth not to be exceeded in operations.
		This depth is normally the Test Depth but may be reduced in specific cases.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/navy/jfmm/vol2/CH_01.htm (1053 words)

	Nitrox Disadvantages
		Exceeding the Maximum Operating Depth of the mix will result in death by drowning.
		The only possible rescue would be to surface the diver immediately and treat for near drowning Clearly, the proper course of action regarding Oxygen toxicity is prevention.
		You plan to dive two 60 foot reef dives but the dive plan is changed to a 132 foot deep wreck dive followed by a 60 foot reef dive --- you decide to do both dives anyway.
	www.americandivecenter.com /nitrox/preview/pn2o2_p05.htm (701 words)

	Matrix Asia Pacific
		Macrosyn © and Microsyn © high integrity syntactic foams have been developed specifically for deepwater buoyancy applications and are designed to withstand the massive operating pressures experienced at deep water depths and the rigours of the offshore operating environment.
		They have been widely accepted by the subsea, offshore, oceanographic and naval industries as the material of choice for deepwater buoyancy applications, such as Riser buoyancy, Distributed buoyancy, ROV buoyancy, AUV buoyancy and subsea transponder buoyancy.
		They are available in a range of water depth ratings from 500msw maximum operating depth to 6000msw maximum operating depth.
	www.matrixap.com.au /oil.html (517 words)

	Mares Apneist Scuba Diving Computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		History of the deepest depth attained, time reached in one dive, and minimum temperature
		Current depth indication, at 0.1 m (1 ft)
		intervals up to depth of 100 m (378 ft), and at 1 m (3 ft) intervals for depth from 100 m (300 ft) to 150 m (492 ft)
	brunosdiveshop.com /apneist.htm (180 words)

	Nitrox Knowledge Review
		7 State the maximum partial pressure of Oxygen, in AtA, for prolonged, or strenuous, or cold water dives.
		Given 50 minutes bottom time on the first dive and a 30 minute surface interval, what is the maximum time that can be spent on the second dive when using the PADI air tables.
		15 Calculate the maximum operating depth for an 37 % Nitrox mix.
	www.americandivecenter.com /nitrox/remote/n2o2_kr.htm (420 words)

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