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Topic: Mayan hieroglyphics

	Maya script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maya writing was called "hieroglyphics" or "hieroglyphs" by early European explorers of the 18th and 19th century who did not understand it but found its general appearance reminiscent of Egyptian hieroglyphs, to which the Maya writing system is not related.
		As far as is currently known, the Maya script of the Classic era was primarily used to write two Mayan languages, Cholan (in the central parts of the Maya lands around Palenque and Tikal, and and far south as Copán) and Yucatecan (in the Yucatán Peninsula).
		However, Mayan phonotactics is slightly more complicated than this: Most Maya words end in a consonant, not a vowel, and there may be sequences of two consonants within a word as well, as in xolte’ [ʃolteʔ] 'scepter', which is CVCCVC.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maya_hieroglyphics (2654 words)

	Mayan Temples
		Since the nineteenth century, enough information has been gathered about the Mayan structures to sketch a history of their development, but the reasons why the great structures were suddenly abandoned, and the exact purposes of the massive and elaborate buildings, continue to remain trapped in the past.
		Tracing references of dates with the Mayan calendar, another example of Mayan achievement, archaeologists were able to determine that Sun Lord Pacal was born in 603, ascended to the throne in 614, and died in 683.
		When modern archaeologists learned how to read Mayan hieroglyphics by establishing meanings and patterns in the images, a history emerged that showed the Mayan centers were not occupied by peaceful astronomers and the large structures did not serve specifically as ceremonial sites.
	unexplainedstuff.com /Places-of-Mystery-and-Power/Mayan-Temples.html (1748 words)

	Mayan Art and Architecture - Crystalinks
		It is evident that all of the structures built by the ancient Mayans were built in honor of the gods.
		Frederico Fahsen, the foremost Guatemalan authority on deciphering Mayan hieroglyphics and the Cancuen project's co-director, said the Cancuen ruler married his daughter to the king of Dos Pilas, 55 miles to the northeast, to establish relationships with surrounding settlements rather than go to war with them.
		The figurine of a seated captive is also representative of Mayan society as it depicts someone in the process of a bloodletting ceremony, which included the accession to kingship.
	www.crystalinks.com /mayanarch.html (1773 words)

	Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Maya glyphs represented words or syllables that could be combined to form any word or concept in the Mayan language, including numbers, time periods, royal names, titles, dynastic events, and the names of gods, scribes, sculptors, objects, buildings, places, and food.
		Hieroglyphic inscriptions were either carved in stone and wood on Maya monuments and architecture, or painted on paper, plaster walls and pottery.
		The hieroglyphic writing of the Maya has not been completely deciphered, however, and can still only be interpreted, rather than read.
	www.civilization.ca /civil/maya/mmc04eng.html (1279 words)

	Mayan Calendar
		Most of the knowledge we know are based on rediscovered ruins they left behind, monoliths with Mayan hieroglyphics, transcripts written on the times of the conquest and the rest is still yet to be decipher.
		The Mayan's have been described as a "classical" civilization: this is, they created great architectures, arts, and sculptures, developed complex economies and trade, and possessed advanced systems of learning based on observational knowledge.
		Mayan interest in history, genealogy, and astrology required accurate records of events far in the past.
	www.math.sfu.ca /histmath/calendars/mayan.html (1527 words)

	Mayan mathematics
		Surprising and advanced features of the Mayan number system are the zero, denoted by a shell for reasons we cannot explain, and the positional nature of the system.
		Also since the Mayan numbers were not a true positional base 20 system, it fails to have the nice mathematical properties that we expect of a positional system.
		Yet the Mayan number system is certainly capable of being used for the operations of multiplication and division as the authors of [Amer.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/HistTopics/Mayan_mathematics.html (2414 words)

	Mayan civilization stars in Mel Gibson's 'Apocalypto' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In September, models draped in Mayan calendar prints dazzled the runways at Olympus Fashion Week in New York City as part of Nicole Miller's spring 2007 collection, inspired by a trip to the Mayan ruins in Tulum, Mexico.
		The Mayan cities were ruled by nobles and kings, and with them came an odd concept of beauty among the elite.
		According to the Mayan calendar, that's the end of its 5,200-year fourth cycle, and the beginning of its fifth cycle.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/06309/735120-37.stm (1473 words)

	Mayan Civilization
		Contrary to popular beleif, the Mayan civilization was not one unified empire, but rather a multitude of separate entities with a common cultural background.
		The figurine of a seated captive is also representative of Mayan society as it depicts someone in the process of a bloodletting ceremony, which included the accession to kingship.
		Propelled by a series of dramatic discoveries, Mayanism has been transformed over the past 30 years from an esoteric academic discipline into one of the hottest fields of scientific inquiry--and the pace of discovery is greater today than ever.
	www.indians.org /welker/maya.htm (6103 words)

	Mayan Culture - A to Z Home's Cool Homeschooling History
		Unlocking the secret of Mayan hieroglyphics was a long and painstaking process, lasting well over a hundred years.
		These stories are a sophisticated method of communication in a situation where everything said among the Mayan people can pose dangers to the one who tells it and to the ones who hear it.
		Mayan numbers were vixagesimal (base-20), as is their complex calendric system.
	homeschooling.gomilpitas.com /explore/maya.htm (643 words)

	chronology of modern boys' clothing native American civilizations -- the Maya Mayans
		Mayan agriculture was especially impressive as methods such as storing rainwater in underground reservoirs dealt with the limited available groundwater.
		It is one of two known Mayan murals of an importance and the only one from the pre-classical period.
		Partly as a result, Spanish briests destroyed Mayan texts they found, Thevtedts were written on a kind of paper madev from the bark of fig trees.
	histclo.com /chron/na/na-maya.html (1548 words)

	mayan alphabet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Mayan hieroglyphs are considered to be the most sophisticated and difficult writing system in mesoAmerica...
		Perhaps Egyptian and Mayan hieroglyphics are regional forms of a Global Early Language...
		Mayans were able to record their ideas in a kind of writing.
	www.thetattoosite.com /tatoo/mayan_alphabet.html (894 words)

	Hieroglyphics: Egyptian, Mayan, and Chinese Characters
		The most ancient hieroglyphs date from the end of the 4th millennium BC and comprise annotations to the scenes cut in relief- -found on slabs of slate in chapels or tombs- -that had been donated as votive offerings.
		It is not possible to prove the connection of hieroglyphs to the slightly older cuneiform characters used by the Sumerians in southern Mesopotamia.
		Perhaps Egyptian and Mayan hieroglyphics are regional forms of a Global Early Language picture-writing, and Chinese characters are a simplified abstract version of the same Global Early Language picture-writing.
	www.valdostamuseum.org /hamsmith/eghier.html (1519 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Oldest Mayan mural found by Peabody researcher
		A few moments later, his flashlight beam revealed what may be one of the greatest finds in Mayan archaeology, a 1,900-year-old depiction of a religious ceremony involving the maize god.
		Saturno, who received a doctorate from Harvard in 2000, was in Guatemala on the Peabody's long-running project to catalog Mayan hieroglyphics, the Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions, directed by Ian Graham.
		Though researchers are eager to see the entire mural and find out what it tells of Mayan culture during the time it was painted, unearthing it will be a painstaking process lasting as long as five years, Stuart said.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2002/03.21/01-mayan.html (1356 words)

	BBC News \| AMERICAS \| Lost Mayan palace found in Guatemala
		Archaeologists in Guatemala say they have found an ancient palace which is forcing scholars to reconsider their ideas about the Mayan civilisation, which was prevalent before the arrival of the Spanish in Central America.
		Mayan cities were in a constant state of war with their structures dedicated to the Gods in heaven.
		One of Guatemala's foremost authorities on deciphering Mayan hieroglyphics, Frederico Fahsen, said that most Mayan kingdoms relied on religion and warfare for their power but it seems that Can Cuen kings thrived for more than 1,000 years on commerce alone using their wealth to forge alliances with neighbours.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/americas/917087.stm (455 words)

	Project 0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		There were great battles and conquest in the rain forest of South and Central America, where magnificent Mayan kings once lived and made sacrifices to the gods.
		They are held in Mayan hieroglyphics, the ancient form of communication that uses symbols and letters.
		The Mayans were an ancient pre-Colombian civilization, whose earliest writings date to 250 A.D. Lees verder bij: Sun Sentinel (9 oktober 2003)
	www.missgien.net /project0/archief/00002727.html (105 words)

	Mayan hieroglyphics discovered dating to third century BC - Your World - Middle East Times
		HIEROGLYPHICS: A stone excavated from a Maya royal tomb in San Bartolo that shows the earliest example of Mayan writing ever found lies in a plastic tub in a laboratory in Antigua, Guatemala, on January 5.
		One of the glyphs was clearly recognized and understood from later Mayan texts as the title "ajaw", meaning "lord" or "noble" or "ruler".
		The discovery raises new questions about the relationship of Mayan writing to the previously understood oldest script of the region, Epi-Olmec, used by neighboring peoples to the west, the study said.
	www.metimes.com /storyview.php?StoryID=20060106-032042-7358r (502 words)

	Copan Ruinas Honduras Mayan Ruins of the Copan Valley
		This Mayan land is known for its magnificent, carefully wrought buildings and architecture that leave no shadow of a doubt that the Mayans had established a rich, advanced and intelligent culture at a scale nearly unimaginable!
		And though the number of people who understand the Mayan hieroglyphics has dwindled over the centuries, the evidence of this language remains as strong as ever.
		It is the longest inscription found in the Mayan world, and there are 1250 hieroglyph blocks documenting the lives and times of the king and the people of that day.
	www.alfatravelguide.com /english/hn/copan-ruinas.asp (813 words)

	Creative Minds Mythology Ezine
		Beginning in the 1960s a series of critical discoveries were made in the field of Mayan hieroglyphics (epigraphy) and scholars were able to read much more of the glyphs carved on the monuments.
		The writing system of hieroglyphics is formulated and in common use throughout the entire Maya culture area and particular aspects of Maya life become dominant in the inscriptions.
		This series of usually six hieroglyphics denoted the length of the current lunar cycle and the age of the current moon, meaning what stage it was at during the lunar cycle according to the solar date of the inscription.
	www.create.org /myth/mayanmyths.htm (5596 words)

	Ofelia Romero
		Students will be taught various locations of Mayan civilizations as well as important rivers, oceans, continents, etc. With this lesson I am trying to achieve a basic competence/understanding on labeling and accurate knowledge of these regions.
		Creating Mayan vessels is best developed when students have the ability to explore their creativity in smaller groups while sharing materials.
		You can go into further detail by checking for accuracy of hieroglyphics and symbols of Mayan writing and correct height of 6.” In addition a valuable form of assessment is “kid watching,” this observation allows the teacher to see the progress of the art work verses the end result.
	www.calstatela.edu /faculty/jshindl/teaching/RomeroISP.htm (3306 words)

	CMMR: Ancient Mayan Symbols Yield New Meaning
		For years, archeologists pored over the stone-hewed jaguars and shamans of Mayan hieroglyphics, viewing them as keys to unlocking the mysteries of a civilization that flourished as the Roman Empire was crumbling and now lies buried beneath a thick jungle canopy.
		Today, many scholars have turned to modern Mayan languages to help decode the hieroglyphs--desperate to shed light on the rise and fall of the Maya, who constructed elaborate pyramids from about AD 300 to 800 in a vast area from Mexico to Guatemala, Belize and Honduras.
		A library of Mayan texts that could have given modern archeologists tremendous insights into the codices was burned in the 1500s by the Spanish bishop of the Yucatan, Diego de Landa, who believed them to be heresy.
	www-rcf.usc.edu /~cmmr/NEWS/L.A.Times_Oct18_2.html (706 words)

	chris hiero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Hieroglyphics are Egyptian writing that was developed for communication.
		Hieroglyphics were burned in the sixteenth century by the Spanish when trying to convert the Mayan to Christianity.
		Scientists think Egyptian and Mayan Hieroglyphics are the most advanced writing system of all time.
	warrensburg.k12.mo.us /la/hieroglyph/chris.html (167 words)

	danielag
		The Mayan script of the Classic era was primarily used to write two Mayan languages.
		The importantly than all the captured with in this monument of the Mayans, however, is the history of the royal descent depicted in the hieroglyphs and various statues.
		The Hieroglyphic inscription was either carved in stone or wood on Mayan monuments and architecture, plaster walls and pottery.
	tlc.ousd.k12.ca.us /~gsonobe/eldb/danielag/danielag.html (395 words)

	MED: HOME PAGE
		In order to pursue this research, the student will have to acquire as large a body of hieroglyphically inscribed artifacts (or their facsimiles) as she can, in order to explore the various patterns and contexts associated with the motif.
		Other possibilities include the classification of hieroglyphic texts on the basis of their statistical "signatures", as has been detected in statistical analyses of novels, letters and other documents.
		The immediacy and universality of access to primary and secondary sources, the centralization and standardization of that information, the explication of the interpretive process--these are factors that epigraphers should recognize as essential conditions for the growth of their research.
	www3.iath.virginia.edu /med (3280 words)

	Mayan chess set (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This Mayan artwork comes in the form of a chess set with elaborately decorated pieces of ceramic and wood.
		Mayan native figurines feature 360 degree decoration including suns, moons, wands, hatchets, and native Mayan dress.
		Playing board is hand painted with Mayan hieroglyphics, folds and locks for easy carrying, and is foam lined for a secure traveling chess board.
	www.mayansale.com /chess/c0322page.htm (144 words)

	Lemuria and Mu
		The mysterious lost lands of Lemuria and Mu were conceived of during the nineteenth century, when the theory of evolution was introduced and was among the advances in the sciences that challenged conventional ways of understanding life.
		Archaeological discoveries among the ruins of the Egyptians, Mayans, and other societies were forcing new interpretations of history, and radical forms of mysticism, such as Theosophy, were becoming popular.
		It was not until the mid-twentieth century that a thorough guide to interpreting Mayan hieroglyphics was established.
	unexplainedstuff.com /Places-of-Mystery-and-Power/Lemuria-and-Mu.html (1297 words)

	Pathway to the Past
		Deep in Central America is a stairway covered with hieroglyphic writing that once rose 90 feet in its ascent to a major Mayan temple.
		Speaking to today's archaeologists and epigraphers through the cryptic and beautiful language of hieroglyphics, the staircase has proven to be a virtual encyclopedia of the history as well as the writing system of the ancient Mayans.
		Since 1986, David Stuart, the associate director of the Peabody Museum's Maya Corpus Program and a world-renowned translator of Mayan hieroglyphics, has worked on the decipherment and re-ordering of inscriptions from both the stairs and the temple.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/1998/10.15/PathwaytothePas.html (937 words)

	Mayan religion - Popol Vuh
		Religious ritual was elaborate and imposing, with frequent festival occasions in honour of the gods of the winds, the rain, the cardinal points, the harvest, of birth, death, and war, with special honours to the deified national heroes Itzamn and Kukulcan.
		According mayan religion history, the whole country was dotted with temples, usually great stone-built pyramids, while certain places - as the sacred city of Izamal and the island of Cozumel - were places of pilgrimage.
		The prevailing mildness of the Mayan religion cult was in strong contrast to the bloody ritual of the Aztec.
	www.lost-civilizations.net /mayan-religion-popol-vuh.html (3284 words)

	Hieroglyphics: Egyptian, Mayan, and Chinese Characters
		This circumstance means that hieroglyphs were from the very beginning phonetic symbols.
		It can also be said with certainty that the jar marks (signs on the bottom of clay vessels) that occur at roughly the same period do not represent a primitive form of the script.
		Egyptian hieroglyphics seem to have been a fully developed system of writing at least 5,000 years ago.
	www.valdostamuseum.com /hamsmith/eghier.html (1519 words)

	Amazon.com: Secrets in Stone : All About Maya Hieroglyphics: Books: Laurie Coulter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Grades 3-6--Though she includes information on the rediscovery of Mayan culture, ruins, and aspects of daily life, Coulter's focus is on the decipherment and usage of the Mayan syllabary.
		Europeans rediscovered early Mayan cities in the 1840s, and their bafflement at the ancient system of writing began a scholarly process that didn't have its final breakthrough until the mid-1970s.
		If this book was about just the aspects of Mayan culture or about their hieroglyphics it would be first-rate, but combining the two together this well is very impressive.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0316158836?v=glance (1397 words)

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