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Topic: Meat and bone meal

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	bone meal - Encyclopedia.com
		bone meal finely ground bone used as a fertilizer for its content of phosphate and nitrogen (about 23%-30% available phosphate and 2%-4% nitrogen); it is an expensive form of phosphoric acid when compared with superphosphates.
		the feeding of mammalian meat and bone meal (MBM) to cattle, sheep and goats...
		June 2001 on the feeding of meat and bone meal to all farm animals, and an amendment...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-bonemeal.html (1153 words)

	Hormel Foods Agri-Nutrition - Newsletters
		Meat and bone meal was limited to a maximum of 5% of the total diet.
		Ruminant meat and bone meal can also be used for swine diets but, may be of lesser value in the diet as total crude protein content will usually be closer to 50%.
		Meat and bone meal is considered to have about 110% of the value of 44% soybean meal or 102.5% of dehulled soybean meal.
	www.hormelfeeds.com /newsletter.asp (499 words)

	Bone Meal
		Bone meal is used as a supplement for calcium and phosphorus.
		Calcium in bone meal occurs as a calcium phosphate compound known as hydroxyapatite or hydroxylapatite.
		The feeding of meat and bone meal to cattle contaminated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) led to an epidemic in the British cattle population in the 1990s.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/bon_0038.shtml (564 words)

	Using Meat and Bone Meal in Poultry Diets
		Microbiology and Palatability of Meat and Bone Meal
		Meat and bone meal is not a single feed ingredient, but an ingredient resulting from a variety of different products.
		However, they also emphasized that their research was conducted with only one sample of meat and bone meal and performance results obtained with other samples may not be the same due to the reasons previously discussed.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /PS024 (1094 words)

	N. Shilton and S. Colgan
		Separation of soluble proteins extracted from the meat and bone meal using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that there was potential for this technique to discriminate between feedstuffs of different origins.
		The origin of the BSE epidemic has been identified to be the supplementary feeding of cattle with meat and bone meal (MBM) contaminated with a scrapie like agent (2, 3, 4).
		Meat and bone meal is produced by cooking discarded animal tissues from abattoirs, thereby enabling the melted fat to be collected (as tallow), leaving residual solids which are pulverised to produce MBM.
	www.ucd.ie /agri/html/homepage/research_96_99/research_1998_99/Engineering/Eng2.html (827 words)

	Germany leads calls for total E.U. ban on feeding meat and bone meal to animals
		German Agriculture Minister Renate Kuenast on Tuesday spearheaded calls for a blanket European Union ban on feeding meat and bone meal to all animals as a permanent measure to combat BSE or "mad cow" disease.
		The use of meat and bone meal and other waste from slaughterhouses as a feed additive is widely blamed for the spread of BSE in Europe.
		The E.U. banned the feeding of meat and bone meal to cattle, sheep and goats in 1994.
	www.organicconsumers.org /madcow/germany42401.cfm (724 words)

	Meat and bone meal
		The ash content of the meat and bone meal normally ranges from 28 to 36 %; calcium is 7 to 10 % and phosphorus 4.5 to 6 %.
		Many of the developed countries of the world has restricted the feeding of meat and bone meal and some only allow meat and bone meal derived from monogastric animals to be fed to ruminant animals and vice versa, like the USA and some of the Western European Countries.
		Feed conversion and nitrogen digestibility was lower for meat and bone meal as compared to soybean meal in feeding applications in swine (DB) (CAB 741421709)(Kennedy, 1974).
	www.filadog.com /meat_and_bone_meal.htm (942 words)

	Meat and Bone Meal Exporters and traders for animal feed
		Meat and bone meal shall conform in composition and quality with the most recent regulations pertaining to meat and bone meal production.
		Meat and bone meal provides a valuable and cost effective source of the essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and threoninei.
		This protein meal is an excellent source of calcium and phosphorous, which are important for bone growth and development.
	www.mercosurexport.4t.com /meatbonemeal.htm (631 words)

	E.U. to extend meat and bone meal ban in anti-BSE drive
		The move means that the bloc's 1994 ban on feeding meat-and-bone meal (mbm) to ruminants will also cover pigs and poultry and reflects a continuing drive to fight bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or mad cow disease which ravaged the bloc's livestock sector earlier this year.
		Sweden and Finland want to be allowed to resume use of meat-and- bone mean (mbm) in animal feed, arguing that their herds remain free of BSE.
		E.U. officials said the ban on feeding mbm to pigs and poultry would be kept under review in light of future decisions on countries' BSE risk classification and their progress in implementing strict and effective controls.
	www.organicconsumers.org /madcow/EU61901.cfm (685 words)

	Meat scraps and meat meal
		Meat and bone meal is prepared from the wastes materials associated with slaughtering operations (carcass trimmings, condemned carcasses, condemned livers, inedible offal (lungs) and bones) and also from the rendering of dead animals.
		When using meat and bone meal as the primary supplemental protein source the mineral levels may limit its use in some diet formulations.
		Meat and bone is an excellent source of supplemental protein and has a well-balanced amino acid profile.
	www.fao.org /ag/AGA/AGAP/FRG/AFRIS/DATA/316.htm (1142 words)

	FPRF - Technical Bulletins
		If meat and bone meal can replace part or all of the fish meal normally used in trout and salmon diets, it would be of considerable economic benefit to the users and the producers of this product.
		A thorough evaluation of meat and bone meal as a replacement dietary ingredient for fish meal is needed to assess the feasibility of its adoption into the aquaculture industry.
		To determine the nutritional value of meat and bone meal as a replacement for fish meal in diets for rainbow trout growing during the production-size phase.
	www.fprf.org /profile/tech_bulletins/tsb_1001_a.htm (1740 words)

	The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Meat and Bone Meal: Industry Research Report
		It is for this definition of meat and bone meal that the aggregate latent demand estimates are derived.
		Based on the aggregate view of meat and bone meal as defined above, data were then collected for as many similar countries as possible for that same definition, at the same level of the value chain.
		Another way of looking at this is to say that latent demand for meat and bone meal is more likely to be similar across countries that have similar characteristics in terms of economic development (i.e., African countries will have similar latent demand structures controlling for the income variation across the pool of African countries).
	www.mindbranch.com /Outlook-Meat-Bone-R307-22410 (2881 words)

	Terrestrial Animal Health Code - 2007
		Rationale: Knowledge of the origin of meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing either meat-and-bone meal or greaves, is necessary to assess the risk of release of BSE agent.
		Meat-and-bone meal and greaves originating in countries of unknown BSE risk pose an unknown release risk.
		Documentation to support claims that meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing either meat-and-bone meal or greaves have not been imported, OR Where meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing them have been imported, documentation of country of origin and, if different, the country of export.
	www.oie.int /eng/normes/mcode/en_chapitre_3.8.5.htm (1893 words)

	Hormel Foods Agri-Nutrition - Newsletters - June 2006
		Porcine meat and bone meal can be a valuable addition in terms of both performance and cost.
		That number was obtained using least-cost diets with a Hormel premix, dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, salt, corn, dehulled soybean meal, 55% porcine meat and bone meal and lysine.
		Porcine meat and bone meal was trading for $180 per ton picked up at the plant (Austin, MN or Fremont, NE) on June 9, 2006 in semi-load lots.
	www.hormelfeeds.com /newsletter0606.asp (377 words)

	MEAT AND BONE MEAL BAN
		Although soybean meal is expected to be the main beneficiary of the meat and bone meal ban; corn gluten, field peas, rapeseed meal, sunflowerseed meal, and higher protein feed grains have all been mentioned as substitutes.
		Germany recently enacted legislation which bans the use of fish meal in addition to the use of meat and bone meal in mixed feeds for commercial livestock, and it bans the use of animal fats in mixed feeds.
		World stocks of soybeans and soybean meal are somewhat low at the current time possibly suggesting the need for more production to compensate for the increased demand caused by the meat and bone meal ban.
	www.fas.usda.gov /pecad2/highlights/2000/12/EU_mbm_ban.htm (834 words)

	In vitro Simulation of Gastric and Pancreatic Digestion of Meat and Bone Meal: Maximizing Digestibility While ...
		MBM (12.5mg protein/ml) was incubated with pepsin (0.25%, pepsin to MBM protein ratio) at 38 C. At different hours after inoculation, an aliquot was taken for measurement of ADH.
		MBM protein was incubated with 1.0 % of pepsin (pepsin to MBM protein ratio) in different pH buffer.
		MBM (protein 12.5 mg/ml) was incubated with different pepsin levels (0.5%, 1.0%, 4.0%, 10%, pepsin to MBM protein ratios) in 0.1 M CBS pH 4.0.
	mark.asci.ncsu.edu /SwineReports/2001/01nutneil.htm (1522 words)

	Fertilisers (Mammalian Meat and Bone Meal) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996
		"mammalian meat and bone meal" means proteinaceous material derived from the whole or part of any dead mammal by a process of crushing, cooking and grinding.
		Prohibition of mammalian meat and bone meal as or in fertiliser on agricultural land
		It also prohibits the use of mammalian meat and bone meal, or material derived from or containing mammalian meat and bone meal, as a fertiliser on agricultural land.
	www.opsi.gov.uk /sr/sr1996/Nisr_19960165_en_1.htm (822 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 529 - 31 January, 2001 - Written Answers. - Animal Feedstuffs.
		Meat and bone meal stocks are currently held in secure stores in Ireland under the control of my Department.
		Options for the safe disposal of meat and bone meal are currently being considered by my Department in conjunction with the Department of the Environment and Local Government and the Environmental Protection Agency.
		Upton asked the Minister for Agriculture, Food and Rural Development the penalties that are in place for meat and bone meal manufacturers and millers who continue to feed ruminant meat and bone meal after the 1990 ban; the number of prosecutions that have taken place; and if he will make a statement on the matter.
	www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie /D/0529/D.0529.200101310063.html (424 words)

	Meat-and-bone meal smuggling scandal greater than suspected — EUbusiness.com - business, legal and financial news ...
		Meat-and-bone meal was exported to countries that banned imports of such meal after the European BSE ('mad cow' disease) crisis.
		According to foodwatch, even though the EU dictates that bilateral agreements for exporting meat-and-bone meal must be set up first, the Commission does not have an overview of the trade with non-EU countries in animal by-products.
		There is the real danger that animal meal exported to these countries can be used in human food production and thus returned to the European Union.
	www.eubusiness.com /Food/bonemeal-foodwatch.92 (658 words)

	Whale products
		Whale meal and whale solubles are good sources of CP and Water Soluble Vitamins, including B-12.Caution: Mercury (Hg) has been shown to accumulate in whale meat, so care should be take to assure that Hg levels are within acceptable levels in the meal.
		Whale meal replace meat and bone meal in a swine grower ration (20 to 85 kg) with no effect on feed conversion and gain observed (3)(CAB 771460767)(Godfrey, 1977).
		Replacing meat and bone meal with increasing amounts of whale solubles progressively decreased gain and feed conversion in growing swine (3)(CAB 771460767)(Godfrey, 1977).
	www.fao.org /ag/Aga/AGAP/FRG/afris/DATA/330.htm (242 words)

	UNL Beef Cattle Reports
		However, the escape values determined by the ammonia release procedure were higher for NEB meat and bone meal, suggesting efficiency should have been improved relative to the control and high-ash meat and bone meal.
		Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a rendered animal byproduct often used as a source of UIP.
		The increased concentration of UIP with high-ash MBM is probably due to the bone tissue, as the laboratory experiment illustrated a significant difference between the bone and digestive tract protein.
	ianrpubs.unl.edu /beef/report/mp71-08.htm (1326 words)

	The Fertilisers (Mammalian Meat and Bone Meal) Regulations 1996
		"mammalian meat and bone meal" means proteinaceous material derived from the whole or part of any dead mammal by a process of crushing, cooking and grinding.
		Prohibition of mammalian meat and bone meal as or in fertiliser on agricultural land
		It also prohibits the use of mammalian meat and bone meal, or material derived from or containing mammalian meat and bonemeal, as a fertiliser on agricultural land.
	www.hmso.gov.uk /si/si1996/Uksi_19961125_en_1.htm (851 words)

	Chemistry Goes to the Dogs
		Meat and bone meal, one such byproduct, is made by grinding up heads, tails, bones, and other parts of cattle that are not sold as beef.
		Meat and bone meal has been used in pet food for many years, and the only documented cases of dogs being infected with prion diseases have been under extreme conditions in laboratory studies.
		The group tested various mixtures of meat and bone meal, water, and a milk byproduct called sodium caseinate that bound the water to the meat and bone meal, making the mixture easier to process and improving its texture.
	www.chemistry.org /portal/a/c/s/1/feature_ent.html?id=c373e9fbaa4a543c8f6a4fd8fe800100 (668 words)

	Mystery Meat
		Meat and bone meal: The rendered product from mammal tissues, including bone, exclusive of blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach and rumen contents, except in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices.
		Meat meal: The rendered product from mammal tissues, exclusive of blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach and rumen contents except in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices.
		Turkey meal: the ground clean combination of flesh and skin with or without accompanying bone, derived from the parts or whole carcasses of turkey or a combination thereof, exclusive of feathers, heads, feet and entrails.
	www.workingdogs.com /vcmysterymeat.htm (2816 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 505 - 25 May, 1999 - Other Questions. - Meat and Bone Meal Feeding.
		Pigs which have been fed meat and bone meal and product therefrom can be traded on the EU Single Market provided they meet animal health conditions laid down in European legislation.
		As the trade in pigs which have been fed meat and bone meal is legal and there is no scientific basis for imposing such a ban, it is therefore a matter [510] for individual producers and exporters to make decisions in regard to such trade.
		The ban in the UK on the feeding of meat and bone meal to any species was introduced in 1996 in response to the high incidence of BSE in that country and remains in place.
	www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie /D/0505/D.0505.199905250011.html (425 words)

	Meat & Bonemeal
		Meat and bone meal is the dried and rendered product from mammal tissues.
		The protein in meat and bone meal is degraded relatively slowly in rumen.
		Meat bone meal can be fed as a protein source.
	www.ingredients101.com /meatbm.htm (167 words)

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