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Topic: Media in Kazakhstan

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	Kazakhstan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country in the world by area, but its semi- deserts (steppe) make it only the 57th country in population, with approximately 6 persons per sq km (16 per sq mi).
		Kazakhstan is a bilingual country: the Kazakh language, spoken by 64.4% of the population, has the status of the "state" language, while Russian is declared the "official" language, and is used routinely in business.
		Kazakhstan has identified at least two major ecological disasters within its borders-- the shrinking of the Aral Sea and radioactive contamination at the Semipalatinsk nuclear testing facility (in fact a large zone south of Koursatov) and along the Chinese border.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kazakhstan (3339 words)

	On Liberty
		One group said: "Kazakhstan for Kazakhs; the Kazakh nation should be revived!" etc. The second group tried to take into account that the number of ethnic Kazakhs in Kazakhstan was less than 33 percent.
		Kazakhstan is a member state of the OSCE.
		In the current situation, it is not possible for ordinary citizens of Kazakhstan to follow all the political and economic decisions of the Kazakh political elite.
	www.rferl.org /specials/50radioliberty/Sharipzhanov-speech.asp (1302 words)

	The Caspian Information Center
		In the case of the media, as any Western observer who travels to the country will be aware, the reality is that Kazakh publications regularly carry criticism of the government, of the electoral process, of the courts, and of officialdom generally, as well as details of alleged human rights abuses.
		The emergence of a media beyond their control may have proved to be a painful learning process for officials and members of the government, but it is one that is evidently equally exacting for the political opposition and its allies.
		The sharpest criticism of Kazakhstan in matters of human rights and press freedom comes, very often, from those failing to place developments in the context of the country's recent past - perhaps because their interest in the country is new, or because they seek to judge by an assumed universal standard.
	www.caspianinfo.org /story.php?id=127 (3708 words)

	CENTRAL ASIA - CAUCASUS ANALYST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In this rhetoric Kazakhstan’s ability to maintain ‘inter-ethnic concord’ despite the country’s potentially volatile ethnic composition is especially emphasized.
		The issue of the Kazakh language was among the main grievances articulated by Kazakh intellectuals in the wake of the national revival during Perestroika.
		Considering Kazakhstan’s peculiar situation with a sizable and powerful Russian minority and almost 7,000 km of common border with Russia, it would be difficult to pursue state building based exclusively on Kazakh national identity.
	www.cacianalyst.org /view_article.php?articleid=2257 (1160 words)

	IPI - International Press Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Furthermore, Ermuhamet Ertysbaev told the Forum that the ability of the mass media in Kazakhstan to express their opinion would soon be reduced because it violates certain articles of the constitution, legislation, or press law.
		Censorship of the media and harassment of journalists have been common tactics used by the government to successfully curtail freedom of expression, association and assembly, and the right to political participation in the run-up to the elections.
		A draft media bill was the topic of intense discussions among Kazakh journalists throughout 1999 and many criticised it on the grounds that it restricted freedom of speech.
	www.freemedia.at /wpfr/Asia/kazakhst.htm (10513 words)

	nation-cis: A Eurasian tandem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Opposition electronic media in Kazakhstan, sponsored by money from abroad, put plenty of effort into exposing what they call Nazarbayev’s "criminal regime," and seek a closer alignment with the United States as a counterweight to Russia.
		A union with Russia is the guarantee of stability in Kazakhstan and most of the republic’s population supports closer relations with its northern neighbor.
		Situated in the center of the Eurasian continent, the territory of Kazakhstan stretches for 3,000 kilometers from east to west and 1,700 kilometers from north to south.
	www.russiajournal.com /is/nation-cis/nation-cis211-A-Eurasian-tandem.html (1079 words)

	Nations in Transit 1998: Kazakhstan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Revival Party of Kazakhstan, which is led by writer, playwright, and former Supreme Soviet deputy Altynshash Dzhaganova, claims to protect the interests of women, children, the poor, the unemployed, and the disabled.
		According to the National Statistics Agency of Kazakhstan, the share of the private sector in Kazakhstan's GDP was 54.9 percent in 1996 and 72 percent in 1997.
		Kazakhstan is currently a member of several international trade organizations and expects to be admitted to the WTO in the near future.
	www.freedomhouse.org /nit98/kazakh.html (12311 words)

	Human Rights Watch World Report 2003: Europe & Central Asia: Kazakhstan
		Media outlets connected to President Nursultan Nazarbaev's political rivals, and journalists who attempted to expose official corruption, were particular targets of the crackdown.
		Opposition politician Mukhtar Abliazov, named in media reports as a shareholder and co-founder of Tan, and one of the co-founders of the nascent Democratic Choice of Kazakhstan (DVK) opposition party established in November 2001, was arrested on March 28.
		Kazakhstan remained the only country in the region that was not a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
	www.hrw.org /wr2k3/europe8.html (2051 words)

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		One problem lies in the attempt to regulate every aspect of the media, and every media sector, in a single piece of legislation," the group said in a report, adding that it led to legal regimes for registration, licensing, accreditation and access to information that was "vaguely delineated and often inappropriate".
		The report also said that the imposition of registration, licensing and accreditation systems, all overseen by bodies which were not independent of government, represented an "excessive exercise of state control over the press, which was inconsistent with international guarantees of freedom of expression".
		Perhaps in Kazakhstan, in an ideal world, it would be useful to have a law setting out the freedom of the press," Mendel maintained, noting that it could be a way of breaking with the past.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=38507&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=KAZAKHSTAN (514 words)

	Report on the Rebublic of Kazakhstan Law "concerning Mass Media"
		In seeking to keep the expression "Mass Media" and refusing to de-link the printed and electronic media, the Kazakhstan government is in danger of creating a "one fit suits all" approach which will inevitably lead to the discrimination of one or other of the mediums.
		The media should be afforded the right to set their own objectives and decide on their own approaches to the news free of government interference.
		In conclusion, while the government of Kazakhstan is to be congratulated for its attempt to create a media law which goes some way to upholding freedom of the press and freedom of expression in Kazakhstan, in many areas the CMM is deeply flawed.
	www.unesco.kz /wpfd/law/kz/ipi_memo_kz_cmm.htm (8100 words)

	International Relations and Security Network ISN - Security Watch
		âThe present horrifying situation with media in Kazakhstan is the direct consequence of official policy towards the media, not a result of communist legacies or an underdeveloped social sphere,â she said.
		The PR works to a great extent because Kazakhstan is not a clear-cut case of an unreformed, authoritarian regime that oppresses its populace, outlaws opposition parties, jails all its opponents, and crushes all unfriendly voices.
		TOL (www.tol.cz) is a Prague-based media development organization that produces news and analysis on Central and Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and the former Soviet Union.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /news/sw/details.cfm?ID=8746 (2123 words)

	Nursultan Nazarbeyev
		His eldest daughter, Dariga, is said to control the media in Kazakhstan.
		Kazakhstan features regularly among Transparency International's list of the most corrupt states in the world.
		Even the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (of which Kazakhstan is a proud member) has refused to endorse the country's election results and has called repeatedly for reform.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Zeroes/Nursultan_Nazarbeyev.html (727 words)

	EurasiaNet Human Rights - NGO Activist Says Climate for Independent Media Deteriorating in Kazakhstan
		Kazakhstan’s independent journalists are experiencing a growing number of incidents involving physical intimidation and legal harassment, a leading NGO activist said a meeting in New York.
		Planned changes in media legislation, likely to be introduced for parliamentary consideration in September, could foster a more restrictive atmosphere for independent media, the NGO representative added.
		State-owned media tends to be heavily influenced by the presidential administration and by members of the president’s family.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/rights/articles/eav082503.shtml (634 words)

	Kazakhstan's Echo, April 6, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The net result is that Kazakhstan is poised to become a regional financial center that may marginalize what otherwise should be the natural influence of Russia in regional capital markets.
		They understand Kazakhstan operates in Russia’s direct sphere of influence. Any military threat to the territory of Kazakhstan is a threat to the very heart of Russia.
		For Kazakhstan, maintaining regional order has been the key to its security objectives and motivation for joining the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). After all, Kazakhstan is a buffer state for Russia separating the Muslim south, the Christian north and Confucian east.
	www.kazakhembus.com /echo9.html (1787 words)

	Kazakhstan New Bulletin, March 11, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Officials would not disclose the identity of the ringleader, only saying he is a citizen of Kazakhstan and a former boxing champion of one of the Soviet republics.
		The news media in Kazakhstan marked the day by writing profiles of many women in jobs traditionally held by men, such as police commissioner, coal miner, self-made business executive and government minister.
		Kazakhstan, with a Muslim majority of more than 60 percent, considers the nation’s women a highly valuable resource.
	www.kazakhembus.com /031104.html (993 words)

	SIBNET tm ISOC chapter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Kazakhstan has a most varied landscape, stretching from the mountainous, heavily populated regions of the east to the sparsely populated, energy-rich lowlands in the west, and from the industrialised north, with its Siberian climate and terrain, through the arid, empty steppes of the centre, to the fertile south.
		Kazakhstan has been largely unable to benefit from its huge energy reserves due to the lack of adequate export pipelines.
		Media: The Kazakh government has proposed amendments to the country's media law, which will cut the rebroadcasting of foreign programmes by Kazakh television channels.
	www.sibnet.tm /print.php?sid=509 (703 words)

	CENTRAL ASIA - CAUCASUS ANALYST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Kazakhstan’s lower parliamentary house, the Mazhilis, overwhelmingly passed the controversial draft law “On Mass Media” Dec. 25, with 53 deputies voting for the law and only six deputies voting against it.
		The draft law is the third and, experts say, most draconian of Kazakhstan’s draft laws.
		But upon reading it more carefully, he said he had decided he is “fully on the side of the government” because the West was urging Kazakhstan to reject the law in an attempt to control the country.
	www.cacianalyst.org /view_article.php?articleid=2018 (647 words)

	EurasiaNet Human Rights - Kazakh Government Clamps Down On Independent Media
		Internews Kazakhstan is part of the Internews International Network, an NGO that promotes the development of independent television and radio in emerging democracies.
		However, journalists and owners of closed stations, media experts, and opposition figures in the country all claim in their speeches that in reality, a campaign of political persecution of media, which to some extent report on democratic opposition in their information programs, was launched in the country," Dylevskaya said.
		In an address to parliament in early March, journalists from "Irbis" -- a TV channel broadcasting in North Kazakhstan that was among those suspended last month -- said that executive authorities, particularly those in the regions, have been "dictating conditions" for the mass media, introducing censorship, and limiting journalists' ability to receive information.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/rights/articles/pp030902.shtml (1385 words)

	Glenn Hauser's Shortwave/DX Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		OVERVIEW OF THE MEDIA IN KAZAKHSTAN --- Background Kazakhstan is the 9th largest country in the world in terms of land area, and borders on China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Russia.
		Media owner under pressure in Aktobe Vladimir Mikhaylov, a founder and director of the Rifma Ltd media company, which employs over 240 people, sent a letter to the Kazakh president complaining of the "unlawful behaviour" of the governor of Aktyubinsk Region and the Aktobe deputy mayor.
		Kazakh media bill "harshly criticized" at international seminar A round table on the draft law on the media was held in Astana on 9 March, Kazakh TV reported the same day.
	www.dxing.com /dxr/dxld4057.htm (9572 words)

	January (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The second negative factor was a law on mass media limiting the rights and duties of professional journalists.
		Kazakh President Nazarbayev has admitted that the mass media are used by oligarchy in self-interested aims including subduing the journalist freedoms and just criticism through power structures.
		Therefore, the violation of human rights taking place in Kazakhstan, by the declaration of oppositionists and dissidents, as well as by the United States and international bodies (OSCE, Council of Europe), issues from union of oligarchy and bureaucracy as mafia affecting power and governmental structures, including police and courts through corruption.
	www.erpic.org /perihelion/articles2003/january.htm (959 words)

	КУБ - DCK: Release Political Prisoners in Kazakhstan! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		On 13 February the European Parliament adopted the resolution on Kazakhstan.
		The MEPs called the Council and Commission to raise human rights issues at the next official meeting with the Kazakhstan authorities within the framework of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA), which specifies that respect for human rights and democratic principles are an essential element of the agreement.
		He however underlined that human rights issues in Kazakhstan should be view in a wider regional context of Central Asia.
	www.kub.kz /article.php?sid=3208 (493 words)

	КУБ - Kazakh MPs: Letter to MEPs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A report by OSCE appointed experts on Sergei Duvanov’s trial casts doubt on the journalist’s guilt and the objectivity of the court hearing, concluding that he should not have been convicted.
		Similarly, the Kazakhstan Government initiated a new law on non-governmental organisations that allows further control and regulation by the state of civil society organisations, as well as restricting citizens’ constitutional right to assembly.
		Therefore, we hope that the situation of human rights and the free media in Kazakhstan will be discussed at the upcoming EU-Kazakhstan inter-parliamentary cooperation meeting.
	www.kub.kz /article.php?sid=4107 (486 words)

	U.S. EMBASSY STATEMENT ON RECENT ATTACKS AGAINST INDEPENDENT MEDIA IN KAZAKHSTAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		U.S. The U.S. Embassy was deeply concerned to learn of the arson attack that destroyed the offices of the weekly newspaper Delovoye Obozreniye Respublika on May 22.
		Yesterday's fire came on the heels of other incidents directed against independent media outlets, including the May 3 arson attack against the Ak Zhaiyk publishing house in Atyrau and the repeated vandalizing of Tan TV's feeder cable in Almaty.
		The Ambassador has been in contact with appropriate law enforcement officials of the Republic of Kazakhstan to urge a rapid and thorough investigation in order to bring the perpetrators of this violent act to justice.
	www.usembassy-kazakhstan.freenet.kz /press-releases/pr16e.html (158 words)

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		While there were undoubtedly more private media outlets in Kazakhstan than in other Central Asian states, most were under the direct control of people close to Nazarbayev, the RSF official explained.
		Joshua Machleder, regional director for Internews in Central Asia, an international organisation working to foster independent media in emerging democracies, told IRIN from Almaty that the larger themes of media in Kazakhstan were not going to be addressed.
		In March parliament had passed the legislation despite strong criticism by opposition and media groups who said its provisions for stricter registration and licensing rules would limit freedom of speech.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=40702&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=CENTRAL_ASIA-KAZAKHSTAN (856 words)

	KAZAKHSTAN : Media watchdogs pessimistic about new press law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It restricts the activity of those media outlets that don't only praise authorities and gives a lot of levers to the government to persecute, even eliminate, 'disagreeable' independent media," Tamara Kaleeva, head of Adil Soz, a local media freedom watchdog, told IRIN from Almaty.
		Their comments follow a series of recent appeals from both international and national media groups urging the Kazakh leadership to cancel the controversial media law that was approved by the country's parliament on 18 March.
		The date also coincided with the appeal of the World Association of Newspapers (WAN) and the World Editors Forum (WEF), international bodies dealing with media freedom, to Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbaev to veto the new law.
	www.lidiotduvillage.com /imprimersans.php3?id_article=3254 (157 words)

	MAY 23 STATEMENT BY U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT DEPUTY SPOKESMAN PHILIP T. REEKER ON HARASSMENT OF POLITICAL OPPOSITION AND ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		MAY 23 STATEMENT BY U.S. The United States is deeply concerned that recent incidents in Kazakhstan suggest an effort to intimidate political opposition leaders and the independent media, and raise serious questions about the safety of the independent media in Kazakhstan.
		Our ambassador in Kazakhstan, Larry Napper, has made our concerns clear to Kazakhstani authorities and urged them to conduct an independent and transparent investigation into the firebombing incident as well as the other attacks on independent media.
		We urge Kazakhstan's political leadership to take appropriate action to protect and advance democratic development, a free press, and the rule of law.
	www.usembassy-kazakhstan.freenet.kz /press-releases/pr17e.html (233 words)

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