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Topic: Median eminence

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	Median eminence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A small swelling on the tuber cinereum posterior to the infundibulum - atop the pituitary stalk - the median eminence lies in the area roughly bounded on its posterolateral region by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm.
		The median eminence is one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier.
		median eminence, arcuate nucleus, ventromedial nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, tuber cinereum, pituitary gland (anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Median_eminence (240 words)

	Endotext.com - Neuroendocrinology, Hypothalamus, And Pituitary, Functional Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		One of the most important regions in the hypothalamus that is essential for regulation of the pituitary gland is the median eminence, a midline structure located in the basal hypothalamus ventral to the third ventricle and adjacent to the arcuate nucleus.
		The median eminence is a highly organized structure containing three zones: the ependymal zone, the internal zone (or zona interna) and the external zone (or zona externa) (40,41) (Fig.
		Since the portal capillaries in the median eminence lie outside of the blood brain barrier, one of the functions of the ependymal zone is to create a barrier to the brain, preventing substances released into the periportal capillary spaces from entering the cerebrospinal fluid (42,43).
	www.endotext.org /neuroendo/neuroendo3b/neuroendo3b_3.htm (2242 words)

	Journal of Circadian Rhythms \| Full text \| Prolactin daily rhythm in suckling male rabbits
		Median eminence DA concentration changed in a bimodal way as a function of time of day, showing two maxima, coinciding with those of plasma prolactin at the active and resting phase of the diurnal cycle (F = 14.1; p < 0.0001, Figure 2).
		In the median eminence, taurine values varied in a bimodal way showing a peak at the second half of the rest period, a nadir at the early activity span (coinciding with the prolactin peak) and a second maximum late in the activity phase (at 05:00 h, F = 32.9, p < 0.0001).
		The afternoon decrease in median eminence DA concentration could be a prerequisite for prolactin release in neonatal male rabbits [2].
	www.jcircadianrhythms.com /content/3/1/1 (3953 words)

	Variation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Synthesis in the Median Eminence during the Rat Estrous Cycle: An ...
		Variation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Synthesis in the Median Eminence during the Rat Estrous Cycle: An Additional Argument for the Implication of Vascular Blood Vessel in the Control of GnRH Release -- Knauf et al.
		Variation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Synthesis in the Median Eminence during the Rat Estrous Cycle: An Additional Argument for the Implication of Vascular Blood Vessel in the Control of GnRH Release
		median eminence release observed in a previous study.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/142/10/4288 (756 words)

	Soluble Factors Guide Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Axonal Targeting to the Median Eminence -- Gibson et al. 141 (9): ...
		of the host’s median eminence by the grafted GnRH neurons.
		Micrographs of the lateral portion of the median eminence in an adult male mouse.
		of the median eminence, as the latter are fenestrated, in contrast
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/141/9/3065 (5190 words)

	Activation of erbB-1 Signaling in Tanycytes of the Median Eminence Stimulates Transforming Growth Factor {beta}1 ...
		in tanycytes of the median eminence is not known.
		of the median eminence is identical in vitro and in vivo.
		Kobayashi H, Wada M, Uemura H (1972) The hypothalamic median eminence as a neuroendocrine organ.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/23/33/10622 (5740 words)

	Immunohistochemical and Cytochemical Localization of the Somatostatin Receptor Subtype sst1 in the Somatostatinergic ...
		with neuronal perikarya in the median eminence (Fig.
		Krisch B, Leonhardt H (1978) The functional and structural border of the neurohemal region of the median eminence.
		Weindl A, Joynt RJ (1972) The median eminence as a circumventricular organ.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/13/4938 (4241 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Median eminence - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Median eminence : raised area on the infundibular neurohypophysis which contains the primary capillary network of the hypophyseal portal system.
		Median eminence : Raised area on the infundibular hypothalamus at the floor of the third ventricle of the brain which contains the primary capillary network of the hypophyseal portal system.
		The following list attempts to classify Median eminence into categories where each line is subset of the next.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/median_eminence.htm (223 words)

	Nerve conduction topography in geriatric hand assessment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This study recorded from 15 sites over the thenar eminence during motor nerve conduction studies of the median nerve of 12 young subjects with normal thenar anatomy and 25 elderly subjects with thumb CMC DJD.
		Median motor nerve conduction studies were performed with multiple recording sites.
		Thus, the maximum values of the median CMAP did not occur in the same electrode position for the young normal hands and the hands of elderly individuals with thumb CMC DJD.
	www.vard.org /jour/05/42/6/ferdjallah.html (3107 words)

	Neurohypohpysis
		The median eminence of the tuber cinereum, while anatomically part of the neurohypophyseal portion of the hypothalamus, is involved primarily in the regulation of anterior pituitary function.
		The vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic fibers in the external lamina of the median eminence appear to arise primarily from the medial parvicellular group in the PVN.
		This triphasic response was produced in experimental animals by transection of the pituitary stalk and destruction of the hypothalamic median eminence if the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland was left in place; if the posterior lobe was removed, there was an immediate and permanent polyuria.
	www.pituitaryadenomas.com /neurohypophysis.htm (5914 words)

	3
		GnRH is produced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, secreted from the median eminence of the hypothalamus and is carried down to the anterior pituitary via a connecting vascular network called the "hypothalamic-pituitary portal system." (see pics 1 2 3 of this vascular portal system).
		GnRH is synthesized in the arcuate nucleus and is axonally transported to nerve terminals in the median eminence.
		GnRH released from the median eminence diffuses into the pituitary-portal vasculature and is carried to the anterior pituitary where GnRH binds to specific GnRH receptors and stimulates LH and FSH synthesis and secretion.
	faculty.etsu.edu /currie/reprodhorm.htm (2291 words)

	eMedicine - Median Neuropathy : Article Excerpt by: Charles Tuen, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The floor of the carpal tunnel is formed by the carpal bones and the roof by the transverse carpal ligament.
		The palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve leaves the main trunk 5-8 cm proximal to the wrist crease.
		Loss of sensation over the thenar eminence is not part of CTS but suggests a lesion proximal to the wrist.
	www.emedicine.com /neuro/byname/median-neuropathy.htm (281 words)

	[No title]
		Nerves of the preoptic area and arcuate nucleus discharge within the median eminence; this area marks the boundary of the hypothalamus with the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (Figure 2-2).
		Specialized ependymal cells lining the floor of the ventricle (tanycytes) extend to the capillary network of the median eminence; these cells can transport substances between the third ventricle and median eminence.
		Capillary beds of the portal system are located within the median eminence (primary plexus) and anterior pituitary gland (secondary plexus).
	www.uwyo.edu /wjm/repro/hypo-pit.htm (1328 words)

	PPY224 Pathophysiology of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Spring 2005 - OpenCourseWare - Tufts University
		The portal plexus is comprised of capillaries located in a specialized structure at the base of the hypothalamus, termed the median eminence, supplied by arterial blood via a branch of the internal carotid artery, the superior hypophyseal artery (Figure 2).
		The median eminence is one of the most important structures in the hypothalamus because it is the final, common locus where axons containing all of the hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting factors terminate.
		A lesion centered in the median eminence due to metastatic breast carcinoma, for example, might be expected to result in deficiencies of ACTH, TSH, GH, LH/FSH, and vasopressin, and a modest elevation in prolactin.
	ocw.tufts.edu /Content/14/CourseHome/134087 (3323 words)

	Synaptic remodeling in GnRH release:Its correlation with expression of neuronal plasticity markers in EBP-primed OVX ...
		During proestrous phase of estrous cycle, there is a phasic synaptic remodeling in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which have perikarya in the preoptic area and terminals in the median eminence arcuate region of hypothalamus.
		Immunohistochemical localization of GnRH terminals and cell bodies in median eminence and preoptic area, respectively, was studied as baseline data.
		Definitive evidence for the existence of morphological plasticity in the external zone of the median eminence during the rat estrous cycle: implication of neuro-glio-endothelial interactions in gonadotropin-releasing hormone release.
	www.med.ege.edu.tr /~norolbil/2003/NBD22703.htm (4677 words)

	Is Growth Hormone Deficiency in Ectopic Neurohypophysis Permanent?
		This spot may be located in its upper position at the median eminence or at a lower level along the pituitary stalk with a hypoplastic anterior pituitary.
		The ectopic pituitary hyperintense signal is at the median eminence (arrow).
		In contrast, the patients who persisted with severe GHD formed a subgroup with their neurohypophysis at the median eminence with lack of or poor visibility of the pituitary stalk.
	www.gghjournal.com /volume21/3/ab04.cfm (947 words)

	Circumventricular organs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		CVO's include the pineal gland, median eminence, subfornical organ, area postrema, subcommissural organ, and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis.
		The metabolism of the gland exhibits high-amplitude circadian rhythms in the synthesis and secretion of melatonin with peak production during the dark period (Figure 5) The hallmark of pineal gland function is its role in mediating circadian rhythms of the animal through the production of the hormone melatonin from the amino acid tryptophan (Figure 6)..
		The median eminence of the hypothalamus arises behind the optic chiasma, is continuous with the pituitary stalk, and communicates with the CSF.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/MedEd/Neuro/Circumventricular.html (368 words)

	HYPOTHALAMUS
		The ventromedial nucleus (VMH) in addition to its output to the median eminence, with their other projections is thought to participate in the organization of reproductive behavior, as well as in metabolic regulatory functions.
		CRH neurons in the mpPVN project to the external median eminence, where peptides are secreted into the portal bloodstream, through which they are transported to the anterior pituitary.
		C: Localization of somatostatin containing cell bodies (in the periventricular and the arcuate nucleus) and their terminals in the median eminence (Reichlin).
	zlab.rutgers.edu /classes/Found-02-20-03.htm (10765 words)

	Handbook of Andrology
		The neurohypophysis, which is composed of the median eminence, infundibular stem and infundibular process, receives neural input from the brain.
		In contrast to the neurohypophysis, the adenohypophysis is regulated by peptides and monoamines that are synthesized and secreted by specific hypothalamic neurons whose axons end, not in the adenohypophysis, but in the median eminence near the infundibular stem (Fig.
		These hormones (hypophysiotropic hormones) are transported by the portal blood system of the pituitary from the median eminence to the adenohypophysis where they stimulate the synthesis and secretion of the adenohypophysial hormones.
	www.andrologysociety.com /resources/handbook/ch.2.asp (963 words)

	Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Stimulates the Release of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropins in the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		in the median eminence of the proestrous rat.
		M) on in vitro LHRH release by median eminences obtained from proestrous rats during two consecutive 30-min incubation periods.
		The presence of MCH fibers in the external layer of the median
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/64/5/1466 (3913 words)

	IngentaConnect Excitatory Amino Acids Act on the Median Eminence Nerve Terminals... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In in vitro experiments, median eminence tissues were superfused in the medium containing glutamate or excitatory amino acid agonists, such as N-methyl-d,l-aspartate or kainate.
		In the immunocytochemical study, immunoreactivity for glutamate or its ionotropic receptor subtypes, such as NR1, GluR1, GluR2/3, GluR6/7, and KA2, was examined in the median eminence of OVX rats under electron microscopy.
		The present results indicate that excitatory amino acids stimulate GnRH release by acting at the nerve terminals of the median eminence in a Ca -dependent manner in the absence of gonadal steroid.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/ap/gc/1998/00000112/00000003/art07140 (353 words)

	Microfluorimetric quantitation of catecholamine fluorescence in rat median eminence. II. Turnover changes in hormonal ...
		Microfluorimetric quantitation of catecholamine fluorescence in rat median eminence.
		Articles by Lofstrom, A. Articles by Fuxe, K. Microfluorimetric quantitation of catecholamine fluorescence in rat median eminence.
		discrete nerve terminal areas of the median eminence.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/abstract/24/2/430 (306 words)

	[Frontiers in Bioscience 2, d88-125, March 1, 1997] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Glial processes seem to provide a permissive substrate for LHRH axonal extension and the presence of chemotropic factors specific for the region of the median eminence underlie the accurate navigation of the growing axon as been suggested by Silverman and collaborators (223).
		In fact, besides the conventional regulation of LHRH secretion at the level of LHRH cell bodies or terminals at the median eminence (ME), it seems quite apparent that LHRH may locally be modulated by dynamic relationships among neuron terminals, glia and basal lamina (see next sections), as already demonstrated for oxytocin and vasopressin (224) (Fig.
		Kohama and coworkers (226) have recently demonstrated that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the main component of the intermediate filaments in cells of astroglial lineage, increases during proestrus in astrocytes of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) (226).
	www.bioscience.org /1997/v2/d/marchet1/htmls/9.htm (788 words)

	Glial remodelling associated with GnRH release during estrous cycle identified by GFAP immunoreactivity
		Observations from diestrous and PBZ-treated rats does not shows these type of alteration in astrocytic processes.Immunohistochemical localization of GnRH terminals and cell bodies in median eminence and preoptic area, respectively, was studied as baseline data.
		The episodic release of GnRH into the hypophyseal portal system from nerve terminals located in the median eminence creates a pulsatile pattern of LH secretion (13) during proestrous phase of estrous cycle.
		GFAP immunoreactivity in the preoptic (POA) and median eminence arcuate (ME-ARC) regions.
	www.med.ege.edu.tr /~norolbil/2004/NBD26804.htm (2802 words)

	Cecil Textbook of Medicine : />
		Neurons containing various peptide hormones that can release or inhibit secretion of the gonadotropins are found in the hypothalamus (Chapter 235).
		Specifically, cells containing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) occur in the area including the arcuate nucleus and median eminence and the preoptic area.
		Axons from these neurons run in the tuberoinfundibular tract and terminate on capillaries within the median eminence, which allows delivery of their products through the portal vascular system to the anterior pituitary gland.
	www.merckmedicus.com /ppdocs/us/common/cecils/chapters/250_009.htm (400 words)

	Eminence, Kentucky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Eminence is a city in Henry County, Kentucky, United States.
		The median income for a household in the city was $30,323, and the median income for a family was $36,053.
		Males had a median income of $30,893 versus $21,042 for females.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eminence,_Kentucky (380 words)

	Changes in the kinetics of [3H]dopamine release from median eminence and striatal synaptosomes during aging.
		Changes in the kinetics of [3H]dopamine release from median eminence and striatal synaptosomes during aging.
		The release of preaccumulated tritium-labeled dopamine [(3H]DA) was examined in isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomes) prepared from the median eminence (ME) and corpus striatum (CS) of young (2-3 months), middle-aged (11-12 months), and old (19-21 months) male rats.
		The increased PRL available for feedback on the tuberoinfundlbular dopaminergic neurons may, in turn, be associated with the apparent recovery of evoked [3H]DA release from ME synaptosomes of old rats.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_2293987.html (368 words)

	GnRH and Gonadotropin Release Is Decreased in Chronic Nitric Oxide Deficiency -- Barnes et al. 226 (7): 701 -- ...
		evident in the external capillary plexus of the median eminence.
		layer of the median eminence, accompanied by a decrease in LH and FSH release from the pituitaries.
		(D) External capillary plexus layer of the median eminence delimited by lower rectangle in A. Note that single fibers (arrows) oppose the perimeter of the capillaries.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/226/7/701 (3173 words)

	Hypothalamus
		The tuber cinereum is that portion of the floor of the third ventricle extending down toward the infundibulum.
		The lowest portion of the tuber cinereum, richly vascularized, is the median eminence.
		The MBH extends from the median eminence upward and forward to include the suprachiasmatic region.
	core.ecu.edu /biol/singhasc/Hypothalamus.htm (600 words)

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