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Topic: Medieval siege weapon

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	Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A siege is a prolonged military blockade and assault of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by or attrition.
		During a siege a surrounding army build earthworks (a line of circumvallation) to completely encircle their target preventing and water supplies from reaching the besieged If sufficiently desperate as the siege progressed and civilians might have been reduced to anything vaguely edible—horses family pets the leather shoes and even each other.
		A siege tower could also be used: a substantial built as high or higher than the it allowed the attackers to fire down the defenders and also advance troops to wall with less danger than using ladders.
	www.freeglossary.com /Siege (3726 words)

	Qwika - similar:Weapon
		A personal weapon is a weapon that can be carried and employed by a single person, although their use may be restricted to specialist members of attack or defense teams.
		An Okinawan weapon is a weapon developed in Okinawa and employed in the fighting system known as Okinawan kobudo also known just as Kobudo.
		Attacking with the weapon usually entailed swinging the weighted chain in a large circle over one's head, and then whipping it forward to entangle an opponent's spear, sword, or other weapon, or immobilizing his arms or le...
	www.qwika.com /rels/Weapon (1359 words)

	Siege Weapons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Siege Weapons - These were the massive war machines that were used to make the seemingly invincible castle crumble to the Earth.
		Siege Towers - Risky siege machine that it was a mobile tower which was used to carry foot soldiers covered by archers into a castle's walls.
		It was a dangerous weapon to use - probably as dangerous to use as to be fire upon by it - King James II of Scotland was killed by a misfiring cannon in 1460!
	filebox.vt.edu /users/ofarooq/siege_weapons.htm (315 words)

	Castle Defense Architecture
		The medieval castle was used as a weapon unto itself and its defending garrison of soldiers exploited every possible advantage.
		Medieval engineers were used during castle construction to design the stronghold to better prevent attacks from any blind angles or potential flanking positions.
		Other weapons of choice included stones and Greek fire (which was a generic name for any burning liquid made from molten metal or oil), all of which could also be dropped on attackers.
	www.medieval-castles.net /castle_defenses/architecture.htm (491 words)

	Beyond Harchaon Hill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Siege Weapons are weapons used to attack/defend a stronghold.
		Siege weapons must be manned by 3 players at all times (2 to load, 1 to fire or all 3 to move it).
		Green weapons kill the character on impact, regardless of armor, and cause mortal wounds in a 3' radius.
	www.svsu.edu /~gaschin/HarchaonHill/Weapons.htm (841 words)

	weapons.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Ballista was considered to be one of the most popular and most accurate siege weapons.
		The purpose of the Holy Water Sprinkle was to give attackers a second weapon because it was both a gun and a mace.
		The Trebuchet, also known as "the tripgate", was a heavy Medieval siege weapon which was used during the sixteenth century.
	www.fcps.k12.va.us /HayfieldES/HESWebclub/Medieval/weapons.htm (229 words)

	Trebuchet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Trebuchet was an invaluable Medieval siege attack weapon, similar to a catapult, which was used for hurling heavy stones to smash castle or city walls.
		Medieval engineers worked hard on the design of the Trebuchet to ensure that this war engine and the aim of the catapult could have the greatest effect.
		The trebuchet reached Europe during the Medieval era in 500 AD and was used extensively by the French and the troop of men were replaced with a large fixed, or pivoting, counterbalance weight.
	www.castles.me.uk /trebuchet.htm (991 words)

	Other Medieval Weapons Terminology - Spears, Axes, Lances, Maces, Halberds
		However, the firing time on a crossbow was slow compared to the longbow, and for that reason and owing to the vastly higher expense during the period, the longbow remained the favored missile weapon of the 14th and 15th century in England and in France.
		Longbows were the preferred weapon of the English after the middle 14th century, Edward III recognizing the power of massed artillery (archers) used in combination with dismounted cavalry and infantry.
		The Medieval mace was an armour-fighting weapon, developing from a steel ball on a wooden handle, to an elaborately flanged, all steel, war club.
	www.historicalweapons.com /otherweapons.html (1468 words)

	Medieval Siege Weapons
		There could be little precision of aim in using the Medieval Siege Weapons, but they were useful in rendering the courts or yards of a castle dangerous to be crossed by the garrison, and in bombarding beleaguered cities.
		It was a weapon by which stone balls were thrown a considerable distance, and with some accuracy, by means of the sudden release of a compressed spring.
		Although we cannot classify it as one of the Medieval Siege Weapons per se, we should also mention the primitive method of the escalade, the attack by scaling-ladders, which offered a reasonable chance of success to assailants who were overwhelmingly superior in numbers and reckless of life.
	www.medieval-spell.com /Medieval-Siege-Weapons.html (885 words)

	Non-Gunpowder Artillery
		While some of the the large pieces used in the late medieval era can be traced to tension and torsion powered machines used in ancient times, the rotating-beam engine (most famous of which is the trébuchet) is unique to medieval warfare.
		Like modern artillery, medieval crew-operated weapons were of two general categories relating to tactical employment: indirect fire (throwing or lobbing) objects (projectiles) toward a target area, and directly shooting a missile (arrow/bolt or 'bullet') at a target.
		The size of such weapons and logistical demands of providing the consumable projectiles to be shot emphasized the use of such machines mainly for siege operations - employed both by the besiegers and the defenders.
	www.xenophongroup.com /montjoie/ngp_arty.htm (2731 words)

	Trebuchet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The largest trebuchets needed exceptional quantities of timber: at the siege of Damietta, in 1249, Louis IX of France was able to build a stockade for the whole Crusade camp with the wood from 24 captured Egyptian trebuchets.
		The largest working trebuchet of medieval design today is at Warwick Castle, which is used as a tourist attraction and is fired by members of the public under professional supervision.
		The NOVA episode "Secrets of Lost Empires II: Medieval Siege" featured the construction of two large trebuchets, one fixed- and one swinging-counterweight, which were built with medieval tools on the grounds of Urquhart Castle on the shore of Loch Ness in Scotland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trebuchet (2656 words)

	Castle Attacking Weapons
		Medieval castles often faced a variety of threats from attacking armies, and Middle Age architecture was always pushed to adapt new technologies to better defend the walls.
		These heavy weapons used simple physics of tensions and torsion to launch stones, massive arrows, fire, and other projectiles at the castle walls and into the bailey.
		This medieval weapon originated in Roman times but was developed over the centuries to launch up to a half dozen spear-sized arrows at a time into lines of soldiers or over the castle walls.
	www.medieval-castles.net /castle_defenses/attacking_army.htm (504 words)

	[No title]
		In medieval wars, the offense was trying to take over someone’s land, a siege, but the defense was trying to stop them and make them go away.
		Siege Tower A siege tower was a large, wooden tower used to help attackers scale the castle wall.
		Soldiers wheeled the weapon toward the castle and swung the hanging trunk back and forth, with the end of the trunk moving in and out of the shed’s opening, battering its target.
	its.guilford.k12.nc.us /act/grade6/gr6_files/Siege/Medieval_Siege.doc (1288 words)

	How were castles sieged and the machines that did it
		As technology improved and siege engines were developed the engines were more often used because they were quicker to bring about the fall of the castle.
		A sieging force could launch the remains of rotting corpses into the castle causing outbreaks of life-threatening illness.
		Technological Ways that Castles were sieged: Of course we are all familiar with some of the machinery that was used to siege a castle.
	medievalcastles.stormthecastle.com /sieging_castles.htm (1092 words)

	Medieval Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As the battle dragged on, he ordered a tremendous new weapon to be made, a "giant seesaw" with one end heavily weighted and the other end holding a projectile.
		In this episode, a team of medieval warfare experts gathers to try and build a trebuchet, a weapon that could demolish a castle wall from 200 yards away.
		As they fail and then succeed at their task, we are treated to the experience of the battlefield, the interiors of the castles, and discover how the trebuchet, "the atom bomb" of the 14th century, was a turning point in history.
	www.ancient-empires.com /medievalseige.html (189 words)

	Siege engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A typical military confrontation in medieval times was for one side to lay siege to their opponent's castle.
		The largest and longest range cannons proposed for use in World War II were the little-known German V3 weapons, a series of fixed barrels bored into tunnels and intended to fire a shell of over a metre in diameter, constructed on the coast of France and intended to completely destroy London.
		Siege weapons are now considered obsolete owing to the effectiveness of aircraft-delivered munitions and cruise missiles, which have made defensive area fortifications obsolete.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Medieval_siege_weapon (1130 words)

	Medieval Weaponry: Historically Accurate Swords, Daggers & More
		The 1456 Siege of Belgrade, Battle of Maldon, Battle of Tours, and the Battle of Grunwald are just a few of the dramatic clashes that forever altered the course of Europe.
		A beautiful Medieval weaponry showpiece, this sword is a replica of those carried by the Order of the Knights Templar, who vowed to uphold honor and right.
		For formal occasions, the Knightly Dress Dagger is a stately piece of Medieval weaponry, upscale enough for a feast and strong enough for a duel.
	www.mwart.com /medieval_weaponry.htm (397 words)

	Medieval Castle Siege
		I also used the ladders from their Medieval Fortress kit which I purchased for a future project (it's a wooden fort and not suitable for use as a stone castle).
		Here are some paper siege weapons you can print and use: colored siege equipment, fl and white siege equipment, fl and white battering ram.
		Once the bridge of the siege tower has been lowered three figures may cross onto the walls each turn if there are defenders in the way (they will fight a melee).
	www.juniorgeneral.org /siege/siege2.html (2487 words)

	Ballista
		One of the siege weapons used during the Middle Ages include the Ballista.
		The Ballista reached Europe during the Medieval era and was used extensively by the French.
		In a siege situation the commander would assess the situation and the siege weapons design requirements to break a siege.
	www.middle-ages.org.uk /ballista.htm (693 words)

	Medieval Castles - Information and History with Pics
		Medieval Castles are magnificent structures that were first created around the tenth century.
		The generally accepted definition of a castle is a structure that is fortified for defense against an enemy and generally serves as a military headquarters dominating the surrounding countryside.
		A common tactic of a sieging army was to dig a hole under a castle wall rather than try to break it down.
	www.epic-fantasy.com /castles/medievalcastles.htm (973 words)

	The Trebuchet, The Longbow - For Castle Defences & Attacks
		The siege of Castelnaudry in 1211 was the first time that a trebuchet is mentioned.
		Technique and continuous practice meant that a hand drawn bow could cope as well a mechanically drawn cross bow, and it was a lot quicker as well.
		Whilst the longbow was principally a battlefield weapon, the crossbow remained dominant in sieges.
	www.medieval-castle.com /castle_defences_weapons.htm (182 words)

	Siegecraft and Defence
		The crossbow was a remarkably accurate weapon, capable of picking off defenders on the walls and even of shooting a quarrel through a loop and hitting the defender.
		Most siege engines were capable of throwing a stone of 300 lbs or more a distance of at least 150 metres.
		Not surprisingly, the long, slow siege was preferred, and for this reason castles that were at risk were usually well stocked with food.
	www.castlewales.com /siege.html (963 words)

	Range rules
		On instruction from anyone of ‘Weapons down’ all throwing or hand-missile weapons must be placed on the ground or held in a safe poition.
		The projectile weapon must be of medieval design and be within the Phoenix Company time period.
		All projectile weapons must be made of natural materials, with exception for safety precautions.
	www.medieval.co.nz /archery/range.htm (500 words)

	Medieval England
		Melee weapons were the most common types of weapons used.
		Using these weapons you could take out some enemies before they even reached you.
		Siege weapons were weapons you used to penetrate garrisons and castles.
	library.thinkquest.org /04oct/01895/weapons.htm (94 words)

	Catapult Summary
		Although similar to a crossbow, a sling on the end of the rope meant these weapons could be used for firing all sorts of projectiles, from rocks to pots of Greek fire.
		Subsequently, torsional catapults were developed; those with two torsion powered arms, the later versions of the ballista and oxybeles, and those with one torsion powered arm, the onager, known in medieval times as the mangonel.
		Cannons soon replaced catapults as the standard siege weapon in Europe in the 14th century.
	www.bookrags.com /Catapult (1573 words)

	Mangonel
		Mangonel was an invaluable Medieval siege weapon, similar to a catapult which worked by using torsion or counterpoise.
		The Mangonel reached Europe during the Medieval era and was used extensively by the French.
		An everyday weapon employed during the Medieval era where war and violence were expected.
	www.castles.me.uk /mangonel.htm (579 words)

	channel4.com - Time Team - Medieval siege engines
		The projectiles hurled from many early weapons were propelled by the use of either torsion or counterpoise techniques.
		This is one of the earliest siege weapons using the torsion method of propulsion and would have first seen action in Britain when the Romans invaded.
		The medieval period also saw the introduction of counterpoise machines in which a launching arm pivots on a bar, like a see-saw.
	www.channel4.com /history/timeteam/siege_engines.html (460 words)

	Medieval Armour and Weapons
		Weapons studied from prehistory to the age of chivalry are covered in this detailed analysis of medieval arms development.
		Sieges of castles were far more numerous than on the ground army to army battles.
		Siege tactics and the weaponry used are discussed and illustrated.
	www.sedelmeier.com /weapons.htm (1876 words)

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