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Topic: Megachilid

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	ield Conservation Management of Leaf-cutting and Mason Osmia Bees
		Pollen collecting megachilid females are easily recognized as they are the only bees that carry the pollen on the underside of their abdomen.
		Megachilids, which literally means "big jaws," get their name from the fact that they have strong jaws for cutting leaves and other plant material or for digging or collecting mud.
		In Maine, the megachilids important in pollinating blueberry all belong to the genus Osmia.
	wildblueberries.maine.edu /FactSheets/301.htm (2139 words)

	Guide To Bee-Friendly Gardens - Bee Plant Lists & Regional Details
		Megachilids are known as leaf cutting and mason bees.
		In sharp contrast to the other families, megachilid females gather pollen on the underside of the abdomen by means of a series of stout hairs that protrude from several body segments.
		Although megachilids are found during the entire growing season, certain groups can only be found during specific seasons.
	www.cnr.berkeley.edu /urbanbeegardens/research_regional.html (1870 words)

	Bee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bumblebees raise the young as their own.
		Megachilid bees also have other megachilid Coelioxys bees whose young are placed into the already provisioned nests of these solitary bees.
		They destroy the host larvae and eat the food.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bee (1476 words)

	Pollinators - first steps for their conservation
		Pollination of crops was enhanced by leaving fallow strips for ground nesters and by providing bee boards (blocks of wood with suitable borings in them for nesters in pre-existing cavities).
		Similarly, the value of using bee boards to enhance populations of megachilid bees for the pollination of Lucerne (alfalfa) has been demonstrated in the Little Karoo,
		However, in southern Africa as a whole, little thought seems to have been given to employing practices which preserve or enhance pollinator populations of importance to agriculture and even less thought has been expended on the maintenance of pollinator populations of importance for maintaining indigenous plant diversity.
	www.scienceinafrica.co.za /2002/january/insects.htm (1308 words)

	Megachilid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Megachilidae are a cosmopolitan family of (mostly) solitary bees thatcarry pollen in specialized structures called scopae located under the abdomen (rather than on the hind legs like in thehoney bee).
		Many megachilid genera are commonly known as mason and leaf cutter bees, reflecting the materialsthey build their nest cells from (clay or leaves, respectively).
		They typically enter the nest before it is sealedand lay their eggs in a cell.
	www.therfcc.org /megachilid-133556.html (459 words)

	Pollinator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both features help pollen grains adhere to their bodies.
		Bees often also have a pollen carrying structure such as the corbicula of honeybees and bumblebees (also known as the pollen basket), or the scopa of the lower abdomen of megachilid bees, made up of thick bristles.
		Bees gather pollen, which is high protein food, to nurture their young, and inadvertently transfer some among the flowers as they are working.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pollinator (462 words)

	genaro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Abstract: The megachilid bees of the Chalicodoma group includes four species in Cuba: Megachile armaticeps, M. lanata, M. rufipennis and M. torrida.
		The bees of the Chalicodoma group use resins and clay to build, in natural cavities, the cells of their nests.
		Mandibles of males and females of Cuban megachilid bees of the Chalicodoma group.
	rbt.ots.ac.cr /revistas/44-3y451/genaro.htm (1404 words)

	Megachilidae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most species feed on nectar and pollen, but some (known as cuckoo bees) are brood parasites.
		North America has many native Megachilid species, but Alfalfa leafcutter bees (Megachile rotundata) are an imported species used for pollination.
		The general life cycle of non-parasitic Megachilidae is as follows (but see below for variations):
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Megachilidae (527 words)

	Megachilid bee in Shrewsbury
		Megachilid bee found on sandy bank in Shrewsbury
		This medium sized Megachilid bee appeared to be collecting grains of sand or small stones.
		I watched it digging into the ground, tipping its head back and forth as if to dislodge stones.
	www.insectpix.net /megachilid_bee.htm (108 words)

	Systematics and ecology of North American bee-associated mites: potential threats to native and introduced pollinators ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The megachilid bee, Osmia cornuta, has been recently introduced from Europe as a pollinator of orchard crops, notably almonds.
		The genus Sennertionyx, which is associated with the megachilid tribe Anthidiini, has not been previously recorded from North America, however, the PD has records of this genus from many North American anthidiines; nest-inhabiting stages are unknown as is the nature of the association with the bee host.
		These records suggest that megachilid bees raiding apid nests for wax or resin may leave mites behind.
	insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu:16080 /beemites/Objectives.htm (8390 words)

	Egypt
		An unpublished collaborative study in the 1960s and 70s, involving Dr. Frank Parker of the USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, and researchers from Cairo University and the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture, identified at least 36 species of bees that forage on alfalfa and clover, and numerous additional species on other important crops.
		Most notable was a community of Megachilid bees that make their nests in tunnels in the walls of mud houses.
		The tunnels are initiated by Megachile bees in the subgenus Chalicodoma: M.
	www.pollinatorparadise.com /Egypt.htm (1194 words)

	Ecology: Partitioning of pollinators during flowering in an African Acacia community
		All the Acacia species for which visitation was studied shared three groups of specialist pollen-feeding flower visitors: syrphid flies, calliphorid flies, and megachilid bees.
		Their behavior during flower visitation suggests that the megachilids shared by Acacia species in this study are specialist pollinators and probably contribute more to Acacia pollination than our data suggest (Strickler 1979, Motten et al.
		Their importance as pollen vectors is therefore almost certainly underestimated by simply counting the number of visits they make to each inflorescence (Beattie and Culver 1979, Motten et al.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2120/is_8_79/ai_53643878/pg_6 (1242 words)

	Bee mites: Family Pyemotidae: Pyemotes beckeri, Pyemotes anobii; Apis, Hoplitis, Megachilidae, Apidae, host associations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On larvae of Anobiidae, Curculionidae, Buprestidae, Scolytidae, and Lyctidae (Coleoptera), vespid and sphecid wasps; laboratory colonies of megachilid bees.
		Krombein (1967) reported "Pyemotes ventricosus" from an array of sphecid and vespid wasps, as well as from nests of megachilid bees infested in the laboratory.
		Because his material included numerous samples from nests of wasps from Arlington (Virginia), and Cross and Moser (1975) reported Pyemotes beckeri from a wasp nest from exactly the same locality, we assume that Krombein's material in fact was misidentified.
	insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu:16080 /beemites/Species_Accounts/Pyemotidae.htm (1484 words)

	Guide To Bee-Friendly Gardens - Plant Flowering Seasons Vs. Bee Seasons
		For example, during spring, two groups of bees are commonly found visiting several spring ornamentals such as California poppies.
		These are megachilid bees of the genus Osmia (often metallic green or blue depending on the species) and andrenid bees of the genus Andrena (all fl or a combo of buff and fl).
		A few of these species are the size of honey bees and visit several types of ornamental plants.
	jacobyproduction.com /beegarden/general_seasons.html (488 words)

	[Apoidea] RE Asian Monodontomerus parasite of Osmia bees found in USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It was first discovered and named in Japan where it was reared from Osmia taurus Smith and O. excavata Alfken (Kamijo 1963).
		This latter bee was released into the United States sometime in the 1970's, and is available commercially (MAAREC 2001).
		This latter bee was released into the United States sometime in the 1970's, and is available commercially (MAAREC 2001).
	lists.usu.edu /pipermail/apoidea/2002-July/000350.html (1042 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Nests of the stem- or hole-nesting megachilid bee, Osmia rufa, were analysed to help clarify the function of the outermost empty chamber of the nest, the vestibulum.
		Only nests in an exposed nesting environment had a long vestibulum, whereas nests protected from sun and temperature fluctuations (within a honey bee hive body) had short vestibuli or none at all.
		In nests exposed to normal weather factors, vestibular cells probably shelter the brood also from high fluctuating temperatures.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/00448435/articles/30/1/S004484359980006.abstract.en (210 words)

	ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Pollinating Insect Studies - Storming Media
		Abstract: High voltage transmission lines and the earth's and other magnetic fields have been shown to affect honeybee reproduction, survival, orientation, and nest structure.
		ELY EM fields could have similar effects on native megachilid bees.
		Two species in the genus Megachile were abundant in artificial nests at experimental and control areas in Dickinson and Iron Counties in Michigan.
	www.stormingmedia.us /38/3817/A381792.html (140 words)

	Megachilid Bee - Anthidium manicatum - BugGuide.Net
		ID by Eric as a Megachilid bee, Anthidium or Dianthidium.
		This is definitely a megachilid bee, either Anthidium or Dianthidium.
		There is apparently a recently introduced species that is becoming more abundant in the eastern U.S., and my bet is on that species.
	www.bugguide.net /node/view/4769/bgimage (326 words)

	Curriculum Vitae
		Invasions, migrations, and missing megachilid bees at a research site in central California.
		Monitoring solitary bees in modified wildland habitats: implications of bee ecology and conservation.
		Invader effects in a community of cavity nesting megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).
	www.biology.ucok.edu /PersonalPages/barthellweb/Cirriculum.html (981 words)

	Divje čebele v Sloveniji
		Many make their nests in tunnels under the ground, while others look for suitable holes in wood, such as deserted galleries of woodboring beetles and cracks between rocks, or for hollow plant stems.
		Most bee species smear their cells in the nest with their own excrement, while megachilid bees cover them with sand, chewed up leaves, resin, or leaf fragments.
		Some species use these materials to build free-standing cells in rock niches or on branches.
	www2.pms-lj.si /andrej/nest.htm (133 words)

	Mites and Ticks: A Virtual Introduction-Acarapis woodi
		Variations on the parasite theme include species of Pyemotes (family Pyemotidae) that are actually parasitoids, killing the host in the process of feeding.
		Some species are directly cleptoparasitic, such as species of Chaetodactylus (family Chaetodactylidae) associated primarily with megachilid bees, and Horstia (family Acaridae) associated with carpenter bees, which feed on the provisions after destroying the bee's egg.
		A more indirect cleptoparasitism is found in species of Trochometridium (family Trochometridiidae) and Imperipes (family Scutacaridae).
	www.sel.barc.usda.gov /acari/content/beemites.htm (454 words)

	INSECTS -- Identifications by Host (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		1 MEGACHILID MEGACHILE SCULPTURALIS * 1 MUTILLID SPHAEROPTHALMA PENNSYLVANI SPHAEROPTHALMA PENNSYLVANICA 1 MUTILLID TIMULLA TIMULLA SP.
		1 LYCTID LYCTUS BRUNNEUS LYCTUS BRUNNEUS 1 MEGACHILID MEGACHILE SCULPTURALIS * 1 NITIDULID CARPOPHILUS HUMERALIS CARPOPHILUS HUMERALIS 2 NOCTUID GEN. SP.
		1 MEGACHILID MEGACHILE * 1 MEGACHILID MEGACHILE SCULPTURALIS * 1 MUTILLID DASYMUTILLA OCCIDENTALIS DASYMUTILLA OCCIDENTALIS 1 NEMATOMORPHA GEN. SP.
	www.ces.ncsu.edu /depts/ent/clinic/Annual97/group4i.htm (6499 words)

	I
		Because of the close industry connection, there is a 10-15% service component to the Pollination Ecology program despite the official designation as 100% research.
		I received my Ph.D. in Biology from Harvard University in 1978 after 6 years studying megachilid (leafcutting) bees in upstate New York for my thesis research.
		For more detail see CV, appendix 3; and Professional Portfolio, appendix 4.
	www.pollinatorparadise.com /Parables/Intro_Basis.htm (465 words)

	Action plan for Chrysura hirsuta
		In Scotland the hosts occur in upland base-rich grassland and Caledonian pine woodland respectively.
		It is possible that Osmia parietina, the third northern megachilid bee found in the UK, is also a host of this wasp in Scotland.
		This wasp has a boreo-alpine distribution in the Palearctic.
	www.ukbap.org.uk /UKPlans.aspx?ID=215 (276 words)

	Pollinator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Bothfeatures help pollen grains adhere to their bodies.
		Bees often also have a pollen carrying structure such as thecorbicula of honeybees and bumblebees (also known as the pollen basket), or the scopa of the lower abdomen of megachilid bees, made up of thick bristles.
		Bees gather pollen, which is high protein food, to nurture theiryoung, and inadvertantly transfer some among the flowers as they are working.
	www.therfcc.org /pollinator-44149.html (407 words)

	Mason Bee News and Articles- beediverse.com
		Monodontomerus osmiae Kamijo is a gregarious parasitoid of megachilid bees
		It was first discovered and named in Japan
		parasitoids of megachilid bees in the former USSR.
	www.beediverse.com /news_asianmites.shtml (612 words)

	Some Parasitic Megachilid Bees of the Western U.S. - COCKERELL,T.D.A. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Some Parasitic Megachilid Bees of the Western U.S. Search Antiqbook
		COCKERELL,T.D.A. Some Parasitic Megachilid Bees of the Western U.S. NY, Am.Mus.N.H.Nov.21, Dec.1921,lst ed.
		They offer full satisfaction and normal prices - no markups, no hidden costs, no overcharged shipping costs.
	www.antiqbook.com /boox/mikesh/C1650-6429.shtml (68 words)

	What Harm Could Exotic Bumblebees Do in Australia?
		HINGSTON, A B; MCQUILLAN, P B (1998b) Nectar robbing in Epacris impressa (Epacridaceae) by the recently introduced bumblebee Bombus terrestris (Apidae) in Tasmania.
		HINGSTON, A B; MCQUILLAN, P B (1999) Displacement of Tasmanian native megachilid bees by the recently introduced bumblebee Bombus terrestris (Linaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Australian Journal of Zoology 47: 59-65.
		Have you seen a bumblebee on the Australian mainland?
	www.zeta.org.au /~anbrc/bumblebeeharm.html (1068 words)

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