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Topic: Megrelian language

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Laz language

Svan language

South caucasian languages

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Georgian alphabet

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	Megrelian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Megrelian is estimated to have about 300,000–500,000 native speakers, mostly in the Samegrelo (Mingrelia) region of Georgia.
		Megrelian is generally written with the Georgian alphabet, but has no written standard or official status, and is used mainly for familiar and informal conversation.
		Ioseb Kipshidze (1914), Gramatika Megrelskogo (Iverskogo) Yazika ("Grammar of Megrelian (Iverian) Language").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Megrelian_language (433 words)

	Megrelian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Megrelian or Mingrelian (მარგალური ნინა, Margaluri nina, in Megrelian; მეგრული ენა, Megruli ena, in Georgian) is a language spoken in northwest Georgia.
		This region comprises the Odishi Hills and the Kolkheti lowlands, from the Black Sea coast to the Svan Mountains and the Tskhenistskali River.
		Megrelian is one of the South Caucasian languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mingrelian (433 words)

	Encyclopedia: Abkhaz language
		Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Georgia and Turkey.
		Languages where a given symbol represents only one phoneme and every phoneme is represented only by one symbol are known by the layman as "phonetic languages", which might be better described as "phonemically written".
		Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Abkhazia and Turkey.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Abkhaz-language (505 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Megrelian language
		Megrelian speakers are bilingual and use Georgian for literary and other purposes.
		Megrelian is one of the South Caucasian or Kartvelian languages.
		Megrelian has been written with the Georgian alphabet; the oldest surviving texts are mainly ethnographical literature.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Megrelian_language (269 words)

	GEORGIAN LANGUAGE MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE REPOSITORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Georgian is the primary language of about 3.9 million people in Georgia itself (83% of the population), and of another 200 thousand abroad (chiefly in Turkey, Iran, Russia, USA and Europe).
		It is the literary language for all ethnographic groups of Georgian people, especially those who speak other South_Caucasian_languages (or ''Kartvelian languages''): Svans, Megrelians, and the Laz.
		Georgian is the most important of the South_Caucasian_languages, a family that also includes Svan and Megrelian (chiefly spoken in Northwest Georgia) and Laz (chiefly spoken along the Black Sea coast of Turkey, from Melyat, Rize to the Georgian frontier).
	www.bankingcordblood.com /Georgian_language (1720 words)

	GEORGIA :: ГРУЗИЯ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Zan language then split into Megrelian and Laz about 2 thousand years ago, although they have remained closely related since, and many linguists consider them to be dialects of the same language.
		Georgian is the official language of the Republic of Georgia and is the only written language of the Kartvelian family.
		Megrelian is spoken in western Georgia, in the northern part of Kolkhetian depression.
	www.nukri.org /print.php?sid=333 (602 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Georgian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Georgian is the primary language of about 4,000,000 people in Georgia itself (83% of the population), and of another 3.4 million people abroad (chiefly in Turkey, Russia, USA and Europe with smaller communities in Iran and Azerbaijan).
		It is the literary language for all ethnographic groups of Georgian people, especially those who speak other South Caucasian languages (Svans, Megrelians, and the Laz).
		Georgian is a phonetic language, meaning that it is read exactly as it is written.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=georgian_language (1623 words)

	South Caucasian languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Megrelian or Mingrelian (Megruli in Georgian, Margali in Megrelian), with approximately 300,000 native speakers, mainly in the Samegrelo region of Western Georgia and enclaves in the autonomous republic of Abkhazia.
		It is also the secondary spoken language and the main literary language for Svan and Megrelian speakers, and for the Laz in Georgia.
		Based on the degree of change, some linguists (including Arnold Chikobava, Georgi Klimov, Thomas Gamkrelidze, and Givi Machavariani) conjecture that the earliest split, which separated Svan from the other languages, occurred in the second millennium BC or earlier; while Megrelian and Laz were separated from Georgian roughly a thousands years later.
	hallencyclopedia.com /South_Caucasian_languages (712 words)

	biology - Georgian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Georgian is the primary language of 4,150,000 people in Georgia itself (83% of the population), and of another 3.4 million people abroad (chiefly in Turkey, Russia, USA and Europe with smaller communities in Iran and Azerbaijan).
		Georgian is a phonetic language, meaning that it is read exactly as the way it is written.
		Georgian is a post-positional language, meaning that the positions are added to the end of the noun (most of them as suffixes and some of them as seperate words) rather than being stated before it.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Georgian_language (1488 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Laz language
		The Laz language (Lazuri in Laz, Chanuri in Georgian) is spoken by an ethnic group of the same name on the Southeast shore of the Black Sea.
		Laz is one of the four South Caucasian languages, closely related to Megrelian and somewhat less closely to Georgian.
		The Laz and Megrelian communities were separated by politics and religion around 500 years ago, and the languages are no longer mutually intelligible.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Laz_language (470 words)

	Megrelian and Megrelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Megrelian is spoken in the western parts of Georgia: on the Kolkhis lowland in the Senaki, Abasha, Khobi and Zugdidi regions, in the Gali, Ochemchire, Gulripshi, Sokhumi and Gagra regions of Apkhazeti (Abkhazia) and in the Tsalendzhikha, Chkhorotsqu and Gegechkori regions on the southern slopes of the Great Caucasus.
		Megrelian is used in everyday communication, among the family and in all social activities, where the use of literary language is not required.
		The literary language used by the Laz speakers is Turkish, leaving Laz for use in the family and local community.
	www.ling.lu.se /projects/Megrelian/Megrelian.html (432 words)

	Georgian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Georgian is the primary language of 4,150,000 people in Georgia itself (90% of the population), and of another 2.5 million people abroad (chiefly in Turkey,Russia,USA and Europe with smaller communities in Iran and Azerbaijan).
		It is also the literary language for most ethnographic groups of Georgian people, especially those who speak other South Caucasian languages (Svans, Megrelians, and the Laz).
		The oldest surviving literary text in Georgian is the "Martyrdom of Saint Shushaniki, the Queen" (C'amebaj c'midisa Shushanik'isi, dedoplisa) by Iakob Tsurtaveli, from the 5th century AD.
	www.33beat.com /Georgian_language.html (446 words)

	Caucasian Language Family
		Besides languages from other language families (Armenian, Azerbaijani, Russian) brought by settlers and invaders over the past three millennia, there are 39 indigenous languages recognized as belonging to a single Caucasian family.
		Even though many of these languages have sizable populations of fluent speakers, the combination of bilingualism in Russian, restrictions imposed by former Soviet government policies, and lack of educational and employment opportunities in these languages may signal the end of the road for many of them.
		Most Caucasian languages have a wealth of consonants including velar, uvular, pharyngeal, and glottal and ejective sounds.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/CaucasianLanguageFamily.html (536 words)

	Armazi Project: Georgian Academy of Sciences (Chikobava Institute of Linguistics): Project 1: Zan Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Zan Language or the Megrelian-Chan language is an unwritten language of the Kartvelian group.
		It consists of Megrelian and Chan (Laz) dialects.
		Megrelian is disseminated in Western Georgia, in Kolkheti.
	armazi.uni-frankfurt.de /armaziII/code/kartvel/zan.htm (218 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		official language of Georgia, a republic in the Caucasus.
		Georgian is the primary language of 4,150,000 people in Georgia itself, and of another 3.4 million people abroad (chiefly in Turkey, Russia, USA and Europe with smaller communities in
		The language contains some formidable consonant clusters, as may be seen in words like gvprtskvni and mtsvrtneli.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Georgian_language.html (313 words)

	MINELRES: IWPR: Abkhazia: New periodical in Megrelian language
		Why shouldn't I read news in the language that I was brought up with, and speak with my family?" The Megrelians, also known as Mingrelians, are an ethnic group in western Georgia and southern Abkhazia who are closely related to the Georgians themselves.
		As a result of the war, the Megrelians north of what used to be a token administrative border found themselves in a self-styled independent Abkhazia, separated from Georgia by a very real frontier.
		However, the language alone is not enough - it's a matter of what is in the paper." The content has drawn criticism and suspicion from many Megrelians who regard themselves as part of the Georgian nation.
	lists.microlink.lv /pipermail/minelres/2003-September/002927.html (1084 words)

	Svan language -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Svan and the Georgian, Mingrelian (Megrelian), and Laz (Chan) languages constitute the Kartvelian, or South Caucasian, language family.
		From their origins in East-Central Europe, the Slavic languages spread widely and are now spoken throughout most of the Balkans and Eastern Europe, parts of Central Europe, and the northern portion of Asia.
		The Slavic languages are a group of related languages within the Indo-European family.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9070546 (677 words)

	Svan language - Art History Online Reference and Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Svan language (Lushnu nin in Svan, Svanuri ena or სვანური ენა in Georgian) is a language spoken in Northwest Georgia.
		The language is regarded as being endangered, as proficiency in it is limited among young people.
		Svan is the most differentiated member of the four South Caucasian (Kartvelian) languages, and is not intelligible with the other three (Georgian, Laz, and Megrelian).
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Svan_language (401 words)

	Articles - Laz language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Laz language (lazuri in Laz; ááá—á£á á, lazuri, or áááá£á á, chanuri, in Georgian) is spoken by an ethnic group of the same name on the Southeast shore of the Black Sea.
		It is estimated that there are more than 500,000 native speakers of Laz in Turkey, in a strip of land extending from Melyat to the Georgian border (officially called Lazistan until 1925), and about 30,000 in Georgia.
		Laz speakers seem to be decreasing in number because of rapid assimilation into the mainstream Turkish society, and the language is in danger of extinction.
	www.lastring.com /articles/Laz_language (490 words)

	Zanuri Language, laz language, mingrelian, lazuri, lazuri nena, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As literary language Megrels use Kartuli (Georgian); earlier Georgian alphabetic and literary language was also used by Chans or Lazs.
		In Lazuri dialect of Zanuri language there are three subdialects: Hopuri (from Hopa), Arhavuri (from Arhavi) and Atinuri (from Atina (now - Pazar)).
		According to the sound system, main lexical fund and grammar Megruli and Lazuri are the same languages (both of them are called Zanuri).
	www.karalahana.com /english/zanuri.html (946 words)

	Georgian language -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Dravidian family of languages is spoken mostly in southern India.
		Brahui, a Dravidian language, is used in Pakistan and Iran.
		Azerbaijani is a language of the Turkic family.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9036520 (691 words)

	Summary.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The aim of the project is to write a reference grammar for the South Caucasian (Kartvelian) language Megrelian.
		The language is spoken in Western Georgia by approx.
		However, Megrelian is the dominating language in Western Georgia in all social situations where the use of a written language is not required, Megrelians use Georgian as their written language, but the two languages are not mutually intelligible.
	www.ling.lu.se /projects/Megrelian/Summary.html (160 words)

	RUSSIAN-GEORGIAN WAR IN THE WESTERN GEORGIA (MEGRELIA, ABKHAZIA, SVANETI)
		The aim of the present report is to show on the example of Georgia (Megrelia and Svanetia), that the Chechenian tragedy appears to be the consisting part of Kremlin's policy in Caucasus (in a wider range in the whole ex-Soviet territory).
		The aim of these persecutions was to break Georgian nation apart; to provoke Megrelian and Abkhazian separatism; to weaken the impact of Megrels (one of the strongest and the most freedom-minded sub ethnic groups of Georgia) on the Georgian global political climate.
		The Megrelian resistants captured considerable amount of light weapons and some of the heavy ones from the Shevardnadze's defeated gangs, which fled in panic from Abkhazia and passed through Megrelia.
	www.geocities.com /shavlego/war_wg_1.htm (8987 words)

	Megrelian language - TheBestLinks.com - Mingrelian, Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Megrelian language - TheBestLinks.com - Mingrelian, Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language,...
		Mingrelian, Megrelian language, Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language, German...
		You can add this article to your own "watchlist" and receive e-mail notification about all changes in this page.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Mingrelian.html (297 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Encyclopedia : L : LA : LAZ : Laz language
		It is estimated that there are between 50,000 and 500,000 native speakers of Laz in Turkey in a strip of land extending from Melyat to the Georgian border and about 3,000 in Georgia (in the town of Sarpi).
		The Laz-Megrelian branch apparently split from Georgian in the first millennium BC or earlier.
	www.dizaynworlds.info /index.php?title=Laz_language (457 words)

	Database error - TheBestLinks.com - Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language, German language, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Database error - TheBestLinks.com - Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language, German language,...
		Megrelian language, Abkhazia, Black Sea, English language, German language...
		This could be because of an illegal search query (see Searching TheBestLinks.com), or it may indicate a bug in the software.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Megrelian_language.html (70 words)

	MINGRELIAN - LanguageServer - University of Graz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Chirikba, V. K voprosu ob abxazskix zaimstvovanijax v megrel'skom jazyke [On the Question of Abkhaz Loans in Megrel]
		Enwall, Joakim: Some remarks on the language debate in the Mingrelian newspaper "Qazaqishi Gazeti"
		Vamling, Karina; R. Tchantouria: On subordinate clauses in Megrelian
	languageserver.uni-graz.at /ls/lang?id=3080 (110 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Other speakers are found in the provinces of Erzurum and Ardahan of modern Turkey (formerly the regions of Tao-Klarjeti and Artaani of Georgia)
		Lazuri Nena - The Language of the Laz (http://www.uni-koeln.de/phil-fak/ifl/asw/forschung/projekte/Lasisch/benningwd.pdf) by Silvia Kutscher.
		Until 1989, Georgian was the only written language among the
	south_caucasian_languages.iqexpand.com (402 words)

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