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	Mehemet Ali - LoveToKnow 1911
		MEHEMET ALI (1769-1849), pasha and afterwards viceroy of Egypt, was born at Kavala, a small seaport on the frontier of Thrace and Macedonia.
		In 1811 the massacre of the Mamelukes left Mehemet Ali without a rival in Egypt, while the foundations of his empire beyond were laid by the war against the Wahhabis and the conquest of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina.
		It was to anticipate this peril that Mehemet Ali determined himself to open the struggle: on the 1st of November 1831 a force of 9000 Egyptian infantry and 2000 cavalry crossed the frontier into Syria and met at Jaffa the fleet which brought Ibrahim as commander-in-chief.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Mehemet_Ali (3986 words)

	Ibrahim Pasha - LoveToKnow 1911
		IBRAHIM PASHA (1789-1848), Egyptian general, is sometimes spoken of as the adopted son of Mehemet Ali, pasha of Egypt.
		Mehemet Ali had already begun to introduce European discipline into his army, and Ibrahim had probably received some training, but his first campaign was conducted more in the old Asiatic style than his later operations.
		When in 1824 Mehemet Ali was appointed governor of the Morea by the sultan, who desired his help against the insurgent Greeks, he sent Ibrahim with a squadron and an army of 17,000 men.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Ibrahim_Pasha (1091 words)

	Ali Pasha - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Ali Pasha was one of the main leaders of the Tanzimat reform period of 1839-1876 in the...
		Ismail Pasha (1830-1895), khedive of Egypt, second son of Ibrahim Pasha, born in Cairo, and educated in Paris.
		Engraving of Ali Pasha Tepedelenli Ali Paşa in Turkish, Ali Pashë Tepelena...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Ali_Pasha.html (207 words)

	Egypt under Mehemet Ali and his successors - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		Mehemet Ali, dissatisfied with the treaty concluded with the Wahhabis, and with the non-fulfilment of certain of its clauses, determined to send another army to Arabia, and to include in it the soldiers who had recently proved unruly.
		As the result of endless discussions between the representatives of the powers, the Porte and the pasha, the Convention of Kutaya was signed on May 14, 1833, by which the sultan agreed to bestow on Mehemet Ali the pashaliks of Syria, Damascus, Aleppo and Itcheli, together with the district of Adana.
		Mehemet Ali, who had been granted the honorary rank of grand vizier in 1842, paid a visit to Istanbul in 1846, where he became reconciled to his old enemy Khosrev Pasha, whom he had not seen since he spared his life at Cairo in 1803.
	www.music.us /education/E/Egypt-under-Mehemet-Ali-and-his-successors.htm (4553 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Ali's reign in Sudan and that of his descendants is known in that country for its brutality and heavy-handedness.
		A new fleet was built, a new army was raised and on 31 October 1831, under Ä°brahim PaÅa, Muhammad Ali's eldest son, the Egyptian invasion of Syria began.
		Muhamad Ali's goal was now the removal of the current Ottoman emperor Mahmud II and replacing him with his son, the infant AbdÃ¼lmecid.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Mehemet_Ali (2067 words)

	Wikinfo \| Mehemet Ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Mehemet Ali (or Muhammed Ali etc.) (1769-1849), was a viceroy of Egypt, and is sometimes considered the founder of modern Egypt.
		Mehemet Ali, an Albanian born in Kavala, made himself the ruler of Egypt and treacherously massacred the Mameluke leaders.
		Ali was succeeded by two of his sons, but both were weak rulers, and, in large part because of Ali's excesses, the country fell under the domination of Europeans.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Mehemet_Ali (314 words)

	Ali Pasha: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ali refused to comply, thus keeping Turkish troops engaged against himself while they were needed against the Greeks, who had begun their fight for independence.
		Ali was assassinated by an agent of the Turks; his head was exhibited at Constantinople.
		Exiled from his native Epirus in 1803, he joined Ali Pasha in 1820 and later was prominent in the Greek War of Independence, notably in the defense of Mesolongion (1822 23) and...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/ali_pasha.jsp (1813 words)

	Pasha - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish: paşa) originally from Persian padshah or padeshah meaning "king") was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors and generals.
		If a Pasha governed a provincial territories it could after him be called pashaluk, besides the administrative term, such as eyalet.
		Although the word serves as a non-hereditary title, English-speakers have commonly used pasha as if it formed part of a personal name, as for instance in Ibrahim Pasha or Emin Pasha, similar to the practice referring to a British Peer as Lord X since in both cases it substitutes for a more precise rank title.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Pasha (568 words)

	eghistory
		Viceroy and pasha of Egypt (1805-49), founder of the dynasty that ruled Egypt from the beginning of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th.
		From 1820 to 1822 Muhammad Ali was engaged in the conquest of the Sudan, and shortly thereafter, in 1823, he founded the city of Khartoum.
		Abbas I (of Egypt) (1813-1854), pasha of Egypt (1849-1854), grandson of the pasha Muhammad Ali.
	ejournal.tripod.com /p1.htm (1460 words)

	Ali Egypt 2
		Ali went to war against the sultan on pretext of chastising the ex-slave Abdullah, pasha of Acre, for refusing to send back Egyptian fugitives from the effects of Muhammad Ali's reforms.
		As the result of endless discussions between the representatives of the powers, the Porte and the pasha, the Convention of Kutaya was signed on May 14, 1833, by which the sultan agreed to bestow on Muhammad Ali the pashaliks of Syria, Damascus, Aleppo and Itcheli, together with the district of Adana.
		The unrest was suppressed by Mehemet Ali in person, and the Syrians were terrorized, but their discontent encouraged the Sultan Mahmud to hope for revenge, and a renewal of the conflict was only staved off by the anxious efforts of the European powers.
	www.the-world-in-focus.com /Africa/Egypt/History/aliegypt2.html (898 words)

	Muhammad Ali of Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ali's reign in Sudan and that of his descendants is known in Sudan for its brutality and heavy-handedness.
		The Mosque of Muhammad Ali in Cairo, Egypt.
		Ali died in August 1849 and was buried in the imposing mosque he had commissioned, the Muhammad Ali Mosque, in the Citadel of Cairo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mehemet_Ali (2131 words)

	[No title]
		IBRAHIM PASHA (1789–1848), Egyptian general, is some-times spoken of as the adopted son of Mehemet Ali, pasha of Egypt.
		When Mehemet All went to Arabia to prosecute the war against the Wahhabis in 1813, Ibrahim was left in command in Upper Egypt.
		He took Acre after a severe siege on the 27th of May 1832, occupied Damascus, defeated a Turkish army at Horns on the 8th of July, defeated another Turkish army at Beilan on the 29th of July, invaded Asia Minor, and finally routed the grand vizier at Konia on the 21st of December.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=34387 (1112 words)

	Mehemet Ali - Encyclopedia.com
		Threatened by united European opposition, he agreed to accept the suzerainty of the Ottoman sultan in 1841 and in return was granted a request that his family be hereditary pashas of Egypt.
		States of the American Union ratified the articles of Confederation, 1781; Ohio became the 17th of the United States; Mehemet Ali of Egypt massacred the Mamelukes and obtained total power, 1811; Texas was annexed by the United States, 1845; Nebraska...
		After the French humiliation during the Mehemet Ali crisis of 1839-40, a humiliation believed to have occurred largely due to the inferiority of the French navy, there...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O48-MehemetAli.html (1059 words)

	Ali Egypt 3
		Muhammad Ali, who had been granted the honorary rank of grand vizier in 1842, paid a visit to Istanbul in 1846, where he became reconciled to his old enemy Khosrev Pasha, whom he had not seen since he spared his life at Cairo in 1803.
		He was succeeded by his uncle Said Pasha, the favorite son of Mehemet Ali, who lacked the strength of mind or physical health needed to execute the beneficent projects which he conceived.
		The pasha was much under French influence, and in 1854 was induced to grant to the French engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps a concession for the construction of the Suez Canal.
	www.the-world-in-focus.com /Africa/Egypt/History/aliegypt3.html (1235 words)

	Cruise on the Nile aboard the Steam Ship Sudan, cruise in Egypt
		This rather odd character, new lord, Muslim to the tip of his nose, was fascinated by the Napoleonic style and therefore eagerly pursued French artwork.
		The pasha in 1824 asked him to create an officers academy in Aswan as well as to create a Special Forces army of 500 Mamelukes, whom he would be in charge of.
		Solomon, nominated pasha in 1833, is the symbol of Franco-Egyptian cooperation.
	www.steam-ship-sudan.com /en/history/the-reign-of-mehemet-ali.asp (693 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ali also despatched an expedition to the eastern shores of the Red Sea, and Muhammed Bey, after his successes in Arabia, invaded Syria and wrested that province from the power of the sultan.
		This pasha, sent from Constantinople, was the sultan's representative in Egypt; but, escorted by only a few janizaries, he found his authority invalidated by the very precautions which Sultan Selim had formerly taken to preserve it.
		Abd Allah Pasha of Damascus commanded its advanced-guard, and had proceeded as far as the fort of El Arish, which is the key to Egypt on the side next to Syria.
	www2.cddc.vt.edu /gutenberg/1/7/3/3/17332/17332-8.txt (22186 words)

	Think-Israel
		The Egyptian armies under Mehemet Ali's son, Tusun, recaptured Mecca and Medina, in the course of which Saud ibn-Saud was killed.
		Ali was murdered by a Kharijite in revenge for his defeat of the breakaways.
		The sons of Ali, Hassan and Hussein, are revered as the 2nd and 3rd Imams.
	www.think-israel.org /lew.mafia.html (7615 words)

	MEHEMET ALI (1769-1849) - Online Information article about MEHEMET ALI (1769-1849)
		Damascus were to fall to Mehemet Ali, that of the Morea to his son Ibrahim.
		For nearly a year the diplomatic pour parleys continued without an agreement being reached; France insisted on Mehemet Ali's receiving the hereditary pashalik of Syria as well as that of Egypt, a proposition to which Palmerston, though sincerely anxious to preserve the Anglo-French entente, refused to agree.
		Mehemet Ali received the news with his accustomed sang-froid, observing to the consuls of the four powers, who had come to notify their own removal, that " such denunciations were nothing new to him; that this was the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MEC_MIC/MEHEMET_ALI_1769_1849_.html (5984 words)

	An Early Nineteenth Century Historical Interlude
		Two British travellers, George Waddington and Bernard Hanbury, likewise wrote: "The ambition of Mehemet Ali is to possess all the banks of and the islands of the Nile, and be master of all who drink its waters, from Abyssinia to the Mediterranean".
		Mehemet thereupon dismissed his servants, so that the discussion could be more private.
		The Pasha then repeated his statements, with emphasis, and Salt promised to pass them on to the British Foreign Secretary, Lord Castlereigh.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2001/04/27-04-01/An.htm (882 words)

	Mehmed Emin Aali Pasha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mehemed Emin Aali Pasha was born at Constantinople, the son of a government official.
		Since he had a knowledge of French he was able to enter the diplomatic service of his country at an early age when he obtained a post in the translation bureau of the Ottoman Empire in 1833.
		Aali Pasha was one of the most zealous advocates of the introduction of Western reforms under the sultans Abdul Mejid and Abdul Aziz.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mehemet_Ali_(Turkey) (474 words)

	math lessons - Pasha
		In the Ottoman Empire, the high rank of Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish spelling: paşa) typically distinguished governors and generals.
		Three grades of pasha exist, formerly distinguished by the number of horse-tails (three, two and one respectively) which they had the entitlement to display as symbols of authority when on campaign.
		Etymologists variously derive the word pasha from the Persian padshah, Turkish padishah, equivalent to "king" or "emperor", and from the Turkish bash (in some dialects pash), a "head", "chief", etc.
	www.mathdaily.com /lessons/Pasha (302 words)

	Middle East Information
		led by Napoleon I. In 1805 Muhammad Ali was appointed viceroy of
		Pasha, born in Cairo, and educated in Paris.
		Tawfik Pasha in 1879 and subsequently lived in exile abroad.
	www.infomideast.com /info/page05.htm (941 words)

	Ibrahim Pasha: ZoomInfo Business People Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		IBRAHIM PASHA (1789-1848), Egyptian general, is sometimes spoken of as the adopted son of Mehemet Au, pasha of Egypt.
		When Mehemet Au went to Arabia to prosecute the war against the Wahhabis in 1813, Ibrahim was left in command in Upper Egypt.
		When in 1824 Mehemet Mi was appointed governor of the Morea by the sultan, who desired his help against the insurgent Greeks, he sent Ibrahim with a squadron and an army of 17,000 men.
	www.zoominfo.com /directory/Pasha_Ibrahim_140295365.htm (1349 words)

	August 2nd
		The life of Mehemet Ali, viceroy of Egypt, affords a striking illustration of the first of these remarks, though his success in establishing himself and descendants as hereditary rulers of the country, furnishes an exception to the general slipperiness of the tenure of power in the East.
		During an interval of tranquillity between the contending parties, the Mamelukes were invited to attend the ceremony of the investiture of Toussoon, Mehemet Ali's son, with the command of the army.
		In the earlier years of his government, Mehemet employed an old lady of his seraglio to read any writing of importance that came to him, and it was only when left without that confidential secretary by her death, that he had himself instructed in a knowledge of writing.
	www.thebookofdays.com /months/aug/2.htm (3352 words)

	BERYL: Emerald and Aquamarine deposits, geology, exploration, mining, use. Part II
		The ancient Egyptian mines were re-discovered in the second decade of the nineteenth century by Cailliaud, a member of the expedition organized by Mehemet Ali Pasha; they have been frequently visited since by European travellers.
		There is no subsequent record of the mines until their re-discovery by Cailliaud, who, with the permission of Mehemet Ali, re-opened them in 1819, the actual work being performed by Albanian miners.
		Perhaps on account of the poorness of quality of the stones the work was soon abandoned, and apparently with great suddenness, for a number of baskets filled with material ready to be drawn up to the surface have been discovered in the mine just as they were left by the Albanian miners.
	www.minelinks.com /alluvial/emerald1.html (1733 words)

	Muhammed Ali Pasha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In 1838 Muhammad Ali Pasha, who was the the ruler of Egypt in 1838, would be a candidate for the name "Mohammed the Black".
		In the book The Blue Nile (1962), Alan Moorehead indicates that Muhammad Ali was a Turk born in 1769 who was a volunteer in the Turkish army which landed at Abukir in 1799.
		The old tyrant, now the ruler of an empire which his son Ibrahim had pushed to the Euphrates, was full of projects: he wanted to clear the Nile cataracts, build a railway and a telegraph to Khartoum and establish cotton and indigo growing in the land between the two Niles.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/letters/muham.html (438 words)

	The Citadel of Muhammad Ali Pasha in Cairo.
		The red uniforms and the white faces of the north: Englishmen, billeted in the palace of Mehemet Ali!
		Here and there are people on their knees, little groups in robe and turban, scattered fortuitously upon the red of the carpets, and almost lost in the midst of the sumptuous solitude.
		In an obscure corner lies Mehemet Ali, the prince adventurous and chivalrous as some legendary hero, and withal one of the greatest sovereigns of modern history.
	ascendingpassage.com /M-2-cairo-citadel.htm (1923 words)

	6th Trumpet
		In 1839 actual hostilities were begun, and the forces of the pasha of Egypt were victorious, the sultan's army was destroyed, and his fleet was captured and taken into Egypt.
		Confiding in the valor of his Arab army, and in the strength of the fortifications which defend his capital, he seems determined to abide by the last alternative; and as recourse to this, therefore, is now inevitable, all hope may be considered as at an end, of a termination of the affair without blood-shed.
		Mehemet Ali Pacha, in a note addressed to the foreign consuls, declared that in the future, he would pay no tribute in the Porte, and that he considered himself independent sovereign of Egypt, Arabia, and Syria.
	www.lightministries.com /id226.htm (15466 words)

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