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Topic: Meissner effect

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	Meissner effect - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Meissner effect (or Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect) is the effect by which a weak magnetic field decays rapidly to zero in the interior of a superconductor.
		The Meissner effect is one of the defining features of superconductivity, and its discovery served to establish that the onset of superconductivity is a phase transition.
		A theoretical explanation of the Meissner effect can be obtained from the London equation and one of Maxwell's equations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meissner_effect (323 words)

	Invincible Defence
		The Maharishi Effect was discovered by social scientists in the USA in 1974 in four towns, where the number of people participating in the Transcendental Meditation Programme had reached one per cent of the town’s population.
		This principle of invincibility is clearly illustrated in Physics as the Meissner Effect, and in the functioning of a nation as the Maharishi Effect.
		The significance of mentioning the Meissner Effect here is that if the national consciousness of a country is disintegrated and divided, as inevitably results from the opposition-dominated democracy of today, the county will never experience the true meaning of defence, which is invincibility; the country will always be a football of situations and circumstances.
	maharishi.invincibledefence.org /meffect.html (645 words)

	Meissner, C.A. & Kassin, S.M. (2002). “He’s guilty!” : Investigator bias in judgments of truth and deception.
		Meissner and Kassin began by a brief reanalysis of previous research.
		Meissner and Kassin’s effect size analysis of previous research led to the finding of a investigator bias effect, meaning that training or prior experience may lead towards a bias of “deceit” judgments.
		Meissner and Kassin added a group of law enforcement investigators in order to compare them with Kassin and Fong’s trained and naïve students and to examine the correlations between experience, training and various indices of performance.
	www.uark.edu /misc/lampinen/read/s03/meissner02.htm (1095 words)

	Meissner effect for superconductors
		When a material makes the transition from the normal to superconducting state, it actively excludes magnetic fields from its interior; this is called the Meissner effect.
		A mixed state Meissner effect occurs with Type II materials.
		One of the theoretical explanations of the Meissner effect comes from the London equation.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/solids/meis.html (480 words)

	Maharishi Effect
		Quantum physicists have given the theoretical explanation of the Maharishi Effect -- that it is a Field Effect of consciousness at the level of the Unified Field of Natural Law.
		The principle through which the Maharishi Effect resolves and prevents military conflicts is parallel to the principle of the Meissner Effect from modern physics (illustrated below).
		In the Meissner Effect, the inner coherence (i.e., harmony) within the superconductor is the main cause for maintaining an impenetrable defense against the external magnetic field.
	www.maharishitm.org /mepp/meffect.htm (455 words)

	CSC Logo - IEEE Technical Council on Superconductivity
		Superconductivity was confirmed in these oxides when the effects described in the CSC Logo, specifically zero resistance, the Meissner Effect and tunneling of both paired and single quasi particles, were established.
		The Meissner Effect is a unique property of superconductivity, which distinguishes superconductors from perfect conductors and demonstrated that superconductivity is a reversible thermodynamic state.
		Although the Meissner Effect is one of the cornerstones of superconductivity, it was never recognized by the Nobel Prize Committee.
	www.ewh.ieee.org /tc/csc/logostory.html (2519 words)

	HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
		By 1933 Walther Meissner and R. Ochsenfeld discovered that superconductors are more than a perfect conductor of electricity, they also have an interesting magnetic property of excluding a magnetic field.
		This effect, called the Meissner Effect, causes a phenomenon that is a very popular demonstration of superconductivity.
		Meissner Effect will occur only if the magnetic field is relatively small.
	www.ornl.gov /reports/m/ornlm3063r1/pt2.html (979 words)

	Hi Tc Superconductor
		The Meissner effect was discovered in 1933 by Walter Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld.
		The Meissner effect is the expulsion of all magnetic fields from the superconductor.
		The Meissner effect is the exclusion of all magnetic fields from a superconductor.
	www.warren-wilson.edu /~physics/PhysPhotOfWeek/20050211HiTc/index.html (556 words)

	Maharishi Effect
		The secret of the Global Maharishi Effect is the phenomenon known to Physics as the 'Field Effect', the effect of coherence and positivity produced from the field of infinite correlation—the self-referral field of least excitation of consciousness—the field of Transcendental Consciousness, which is basic to creation and permeates all life everywhere.
		Through the Maharishi Effect, Extended Maharishi Effect, and Global Maharishi Effect, with positive trends and harmony rising in individual and national life, the problems of the nation will disappear, as darkness disappears with the onset of light.
		This principle of invincibility is clearly illustrated in the Meissner Effect, and in the functioning of a nation as the Maharishi Effect.
	maharishi-programmes.globalgoodnews.com /maharishi-effect/index.html (945 words)

	Maharishi Sthapatya Veda in Canada: Vastu Effect
		The principle of the Meissner Effect from quantum physics verifies that the inner coherence and harmony of a system expels disturbing influences.
		This is described in the ancient literature of Maharishi Sthapatya Veda design: by virtue of the internal orderly structure of the Vastu, all negative influences have to remain at the outskirts of the city, beyond the Vastu demarcation (or, for a building, beyond the boundaries of of the building's Vastu demarcation).
		Thus the phenomenon of the Maharishi Vastu Effect, which corresponds to the Meissner Effect in physics, presents the need for the complete reconstruction of the whole world, for all localities to be really healthy on a permanent basis.
	www.vastu.ca /vastu_effect.htm (427 words)

	EXPERIMENT #1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		One very simple method for measuring the critical temperature of a superconductor is by using the Meissner Effect.
		To determine the approximate value of a YBCO superconductor using the Meissner Effect.
		Because YBCO disks are bulk superconductors, the Meissner effect will diminish as the top of the disk warms until the entire superconductor is above the critical temperature.
	www.ornl.gov /info/reports/m/ornlm3063r1/exp1.html (304 words)

	Superconductivity - History
		This was when Meissner and Oschenfeld discovered that a superconducting material cooled below its critical temperature in a magnetic field excluded the magnetic flux.
		This effect has now become known as the Meissner effect (- you can see a QuickTime video of this in action from this link).
		Fritz and Heinz London proposed equations to explain the Meissner effect and predict how far a magnetic field could penetrate into a superconductor, but it was not until 1950 that any great theoretical progression was made, with Ginzburg-Landau theory, which explained superconductivity and provided derivation for the London equations.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2000/igrant/history.html (496 words)

	The Meissner effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The meissner effect is the property that type 1 superconductors have where if you put a magnet in close proximity to it, a current is induced.
		This effect was first demonstrated by W. Meissner and R. Ochenfeld in 1933.
		Breaking news (2003/08/01) tells us that a weak gravitational shielding effect occurs with some superconductors in special conditions related to this effect.
	www.xyroth-enterprises.co.uk /meissner.htm (90 words)

	Maharishi Vastu Effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Maharishi Vastu Effect is an example of the coherence and invincibility created through the establishment of an ideal Vastu.
		The Maharishi Vastu Effect not only prevents any negative influence penetrating the Vastu of any building, town, or city, but in the case of the individual living in an ideal Vastu, the self-repair mechanism of his own physiology is not disturbed or diminished; its orderly functioning is maintained.
		Thus the phenomenon of the Maharishi Vastu Effect, which corresponds to the Meissner Effect** in Physics, presents the need for the complete reconstruction of India and the whole world, for all localities to be really healthy on a permanent basis.
	www.maharishi-india.org /programmes/p4/msv_vastueffect.html (364 words)

	Meissner Effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The difference is quite subtle but can be readily seen by cooling the superconducting sample down while the magnet is sitting on its surface.
		As a result, the magnetic field coming from the sample will interact with that of the permanent magnet creating enough repulsion force to levitate the magnet again.
		The effect is shown in the frame below.
	www.physics.ubc.ca /~outreach/phys420/p420_96/bruce/meissner.html (264 words)

	Superconductor Terms
		Discovered in 1879, the Hall effect was named for its discoverer Edwin H. Hall, a graduate student at Johns Hopkins University.
		In Type 2 superconductors carrying high-frequency alternating current, "skin effect" losses also result as the energy tends to migrate to the surface where the conductive medium is incontiguous, producing a pseudo-resistance.
		The Meissner effect cannot be confirmed in them, but strong (giant) diamagnetism is in evidence.
	superconductors.org /terms.htm (4425 words)

	SCI Engineered Materials - Products - Educational Products/Kits - SC10 Meissner Effect Demonstration Kit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Meissner effect is one of the most intriguing properties of superconductors.
		It was observed that as a magnet is brought near a superconductor, the magnet encounters a repulsive force.
		Some applications that are envisioned using the Meissner Effect are mechanical devices such as motors and generators.
	www.superconductivecomp.com /products/kits/sc10.htm (232 words)

	High Temperature Superconductors
		Now known as the Meissner effect, after one of the two scientists who discovered it, this is a fundamental property of the superconducting state, as Maxwell’s equations do not account for it.
		Although superconductors expel magnetic fields from their interiors (the Meissner effect), this same property means that superconductors shaped into rings can actually trap magnetic fields inside of the spaces they enclose.
		The effects of this difference are somewhat interesting, and deserve treatment, particularly since it is because of these that some of the applications of Type II superconductors are possible.
	members.cox.net /kjk176/Supers.html (4746 words)

	(video) The Meissner Effect: A Superconducting Magnet Produces Internal Currents to Cancel an Externally Imposed ...
		However, the Meissner effect is that there is 0 flux in a SC material.
		In other words, if "The effect" you were referring to in your first post was the Meissner effect, then I think you are mistaken.
		If you were just referring to the neat effect in the video where they lift the bottom object, then you are probably right that flux pinning plays a big role.
	reddit.com /info/likb/comments (993 words)

	Meissner Effect Question - Advanced Physics Forums
		The physics is completely different (there\'s no diffraction effects here), but I\'m just trying to throw in an analogy for visualization.
		The moment it becomes Super, [Which is I guess the only MACROSCOPIC efffect of a purely quantum phenomenon ] it repells the magnetic field....and in effects tries to jump out of the field.
		We need to ask why the magnetic field is repelled in the first place - surely the anser lies in the fact that magnetic field is apllied - eddy currents start to flow to opose the magnetic field and we now that the induced current is a function of dB/dT i.e rate of change.
	www.advancedphysics.org /forum/showthread.php?p=9534 (537 words)

	The Meissner Effect
		I have witnessed the Meissner effect in a test tube with liquid nitrogen and a small piece of superconductor.
		The Meissner effect has the property that forcing "magnetic lines of force" into it requires energy, so going down for the magnet can mean going uphill in a potential energy diagram.
		Using a Meissner plane shield instead of a keeper will have a similer though lesser effect.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=43039 (1266 words)

	Maharishi Effect - Creating Coherence and Harmony at the Collective Level
		A repeated, well documented finding on the Maharishi Effect with reference to defence is that this Field Effect of consciousness can be utilized to reduce violence, hostile actions, intensity of war, and war fatalities in regions of military conflict.
		The principle through which the Maharishi Effect resolves and prevents military conflicts is parallel to the principle of the Meissner Effect discussed earlier.
		In the Meissner Effect, the inner coherence (i.e., harmony) within the superconductor is the main cause for maintaining an impenetrable defence against the external magnetic field.
	www.worldpeaceendowment.org /invincibility/invincibility12.html (337 words)

	Superconductors - The Meissner Effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Super conductors were not really recognised until 1933 and the Meissner Effect and the phenomenon known as diamagnetism, up until which many people where very sceptical about the difference between conductors and super conductors.
		Walter Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld discovered the Meissner Effect which showed that superconducting materials repelled magnetic fields.
		This effect is so strong that magnets can be levitated above superconducting materials.
	www.lancs.ac.uk /ug/murrays1/meissner.html (64 words)

	Anti-Meissner effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This in turn makes room for more flux to enter the outer precincts of the sample.
		In effect the sample attracts and promotes magnetism.
		Geim's experiment, using micron-sized disks, is the first to measure this effect with a precision of better than one magnetic flux quantum.
	www.phys.uni.torun.pl /~jkob/physnews98/node15.html (178 words)

	Superconductivity - What is Superconductivity?
		Zero electrical resistance means that no energy is lost as heat as the material conducts electricity - this has many applications, which you can read about in the Uses section.
		The second of these properties, perfect diamagnetism, means that the superconducting material will exclude a magnetic field - this is known as the Meissner effect (after its discoverer), and can be used to display extraordinary physical effects:
		Left: The Meissner effect is used to levitate a superconductor above a magnet.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2000/igrant/whatis_noflash.html (267 words)

	Meissner Effect, Schema-Root news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		It works, they say, like a documented principle of the quantum physics of superconductors called the Meissner effect.
		As more nations rise to invincibility, the whole world will enjoy permanent peace Dr. Hagelin cited the principle of the Meissner effect from quantum physics...
		A magnet levitating above a "high-temperature" superconductor (with boiling liquid nitrogen underneath) demonstrates the Meissner effect.
	schema-root.org /science/physics/effects/meissner (285 words)

	Localization, Transverse Meissner Effect and Correlated Vortex Pinning in Superconductors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A magnetic field perpendicular to the defects then results in non-Hermitian transfer matrices, and leads to a mobility edge, even in one and two dimensions.
		The transverse Meissner effect and the depinning of vortex lines are represented by localization and delocalization of Bosons in the non-Hermitian system.
		In particular, we introduce a non-Hermitian Anderson model, and study it analytically and numerically in d=1 and 2.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/BAPSMAR96/abs/S900006.html (184 words)

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