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	The Bishnupriya Manipuri Language
		Bishnupriya Manipuri Language is mainly spoken by Bishnupriya Manipuris, a Indo-Aryan group of people who lived in Manipur(A North Eastern state of India) long before the advent of Hinduism mixing and intermingling racially and culturally with the Meiteis but were driven out due to population pressure,inter-racial conflicts and political events.
		Today Manipuri community is comprised of Meiteis and Bishnupriyas and thus the people of this community speaks in two distinct languages namely "the Meitei language" and "the Bishnupriya Manipuri language".
		The 1968 Language Bill passed by the Manipur Government making Meitei (A Non-Meitei word) synonymous to Manipuri (An Indo-Aryan word) and the inclusion of Meitei language as Manipuri language in eight schedule of the Indian constitution have arisen a confusion and controversy over Manipuri people and their language.
	manipuri.freeservers.com (632 words)

	infotechnology
		The Meiteis had their own system of religion which had its own myths and legends, gods and goddesses, priests and priestesses, rituals and festivals, etc. though it was more or less akin to the animism of the tribals.
		The Meiteis embraced Hinduism in the 18th century A.D. The tribes of the hills remained unconverted and were relegated by the new Manipuri Hindus to the "degraded heathens".
		Meitei language was adopted as their mother tongue and they became an integral socio-religious component of Manipuri population.
	mastec.nic.in /religionmanipur.htm (622 words)

	Bishnupriya Manipuri language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bishnupriya Manipuri language (BPM) (ইমার ঠার/বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী) is an Indo-Aryan language.
		Bishnupriya Manipuri language is certainly not one of the Tibeto Burman languages, but is closer to Indo-Aryan group of languages with remarkable influence of Meitei both in grammatically and phonetically.
		But, as the Meiteis strengthened by political power, or rather, the state-power of Manipur are constantly raising the slogan that 'the Bishnupriyas are not Manipuris it has become imperative to include the 'Bishnupriya Manipuris' in the list of OBC or in any other list to safeguard the identity of the community.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bishnupriya_Manipuri_language (1657 words)

	features channel >> Atom Bapu and religious roots of Integrationism ~ Manipur - E-Pao! :: Complete e-platform for ...
		To pursue this agenda it was necessary for him wilfully to misinterpret Meitei culture in almost all its aspects and subordinate it to a wholly different, and indeed contradictory, tradition.
		It is very unfortunate that scholars of the Meitei Mayek have not as yet turned their attention to the dating and authenticity of these books, and one of the urgent needs in Manipuri scholarship is for competent literary critical analysis and dating of this corpus.
		This agenda did incalculable damage to the genuine scholarly study of Meitei culture for almost a generation, gave a religious underpinning to the fracturing of Meitei society by the introduction of a new form of caste distinction, and materially helped to pave the way for the Congress political activists to effect integration in 1949.
	www.e-pao.net /epPageSelector.asp?src=Atom_Bapu_and_religious_roots_of_Integrationism&ch=features (3560 words)

	Bishnupriya Manipuri Language: History, Source and Origin
		The Meiung or the Bishnupriya Manipuri language is virtually extinct in present Manipur though 1000 speakers of this language could be traced there by Dr. Grierson early this century during his linguistic survey.
		The Bishnupriya Manipuri language though had been driven out of the states court language, retained by the Aryan people in Manipur and which they took shelter in Assam, Tripura, Burma and Bangladesh, in 19th century due to Burmese attack maintains IRS existence today.
		Consequently, it was difficult for the small number of Bishnupriyas who remained in Manipur to retain their language in face of the impact of Meitei, although Dr. G.A. Grierson, in 1891 found the existence of a considerable number of speakers in two or three villages near Bishnupur, locally known as Lamangdong.(LSI, Vol -V, Page 419).
	www.manipuri.freeservers.com /bpm.html (4993 words)

	Manipur - a Muslim perspective, The Milli Gazette, Vol. 2 No. 14
		Meiteis are of the Tibeto-Burman origin and the Valley seems to have been occupied by various tribes coming from different directions.
		With the approval of the king Vaishnavism spread among the Meitei and with its advent their earlier tribal religion, known as Sanamahi faith, was discarded.
		Meitei consolidation on the lines similar to Hindutva consolidation: Meitei - Meiteilon - Meitrabak (Meitei - Meitei Language - Meteiland) theme naturally repulsed others who are not Meiteis.
	www.milligazette.com /Archives/15072001/15.htm (1131 words)

	infotechnology
		Anthropometrically, the Meiteis and the hillmen are characterised by short stature, mesorrhine, mesocephalic (or brachy cephalic) and leptoproscopic face.
		When Tai origin is questioned, well-established proto-historic and historic relationships between the Meiteis, Mon-Khmer and the Tai are supposed to have produced Tai influence on the language and culture of the Meiteis.
		The ethnonym "Meiteis" was originally applied to the "Ningthouja" salai (clan-dynasty), which was one of the seven salais who ruled seven independent principalities in the valley in the early part of the recorded history.
	www.mastec.nic.in /manipeople.htm (1608 words)

	Manipuri
		Meithei (also Meitei, Manipuri, Meiteilon) is the predominant language and lingua-franca in the state of Manipur, in northeastern India.
		Meithei has been recognized as the Manipuri language by the Indian Union and has been included in the list of scheduled languages (included in the 8th schedule by the 71st amendment of the constitution in 1992).
		They is another language named Bishnupriya or Bishnupriya Manipuri, which wasalso spoken in Manipur before 15th century The records maintained by the British India Government as well as the Government of India in independent India attest to this practice and in Govt.
	www.governpub.com /Languages-M/Manipuri.php (288 words)

	Features- Ethnicity And Ethnic Fragmentation: The Question Of Bishnupriya
		The Meiteis of the Cachar District of Assam did not like Bishnupriya to be identified as Manipuri because (a) they speak a different language; (b) they are racially different.
		This division on the basis of language and recognition of linguistic communities as ethnic groups had been shaped and injected by the British and still they play a vital role in division of the peoples into several ethnic groups as colonial hangover.
		One may note that the morphology of Bishnupriya language is similar to Bengali; while the structure of their language is deeply influenced by the Meitei grammar.
	www.manipuronline.com /Features/October2005/bishnupriya12_2.htm (1910 words)

	[Goanet]LANGUAGE: Tongue in a twist (Outlook)
		Manipuri nationalists, since the state was integrated into the Indian Union in 1949, have demanded that the ancient indigenous script of the language, Meitei Mayek, be restored and the Bengali script, adopted two-and-a-half centuries ago, be abandoned.
		Renowned linguist and former vice-chancellor of the Kannada University, K.V. Narayana, confirms that the issue is a complicated one: "This is a problem peculiar to the Konkani linguistic community because it is spread across ethnic and geographical areas.
		Konkani is probably the only scriptless Indian language which uses nearly half-a-dozen scripts and code-mixes with an equal number of languages.
	www.mail-archive.com /goanet@goanet.org/msg28100.html (1274 words)

	A Brief history of the Meiteis of Manipur
		Meitei-lon (Meitei language or Manipuri) is the common language adopted by all tribes for communication.
		In case of the Meitei people, since there were no modern system of recording, where the sense of originality was always contemplated with the modern history, the reconstruction of the ancient manuscripts and languages has yielded a considerable knowledge on the history of ancient Manipur.
		With the Sanskritization process of Meiteis, after conversion of the Kings to Hinduism toward the beginning of the 18th century, Meitei Gods were transformed to align with the Gods of the Hindu mythology.
	themanipurpage.tripod.com /history/puwarimeitei.html (5357 words)

	Manipuri alphabet (Meetei Mayek)
		Between 1709 and the middle of the 20th century, the Manipuri language was written with the Bengali alphabet.
		In 1976 at a writers conference all the scholars finally agreed on a new version of the alphabet containing a number of additional letters to represent sounds not present in the language when the script was first developed.
		It is a member of the Sino-Tibetan language family and is also spoken in Bangladesh and Myanmar.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/manipuri.htm (263 words)

	boroksite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		However, given the socio-political imperatives of language and the pivotal role it plays in conditioning the way people think: how it shapes peoples mindscapes, the way they see themselves and view others in their day-to-day definition of their lives the adoption of other’s script for kokborok needs to placed on broader plane and wider framework.
		The Assamese were the first to unfurl staunch vehement opposition to imposition of Bengali as official language during the British rule.
		It has to be understood in the broader issue of the political process of re-asserting and re-constructing the Meitei’s political identity: A conscious attempt at grounding the way Meitei’s redefine their society and give meaning to their past and their present.
	k.1asphost.com /borok/bengali_script.asp (1021 words)

	Manipuri/Meiteilon/Meithei:
		Manipuri is taught as a subject upto the Post-graduate level (Ph.D.) in Universities of India, apart from being a medium of instruction upto the undergraduate level in Manipur.
		This claim seems far-fetched since for one reason, none of the neighbouring tribes of the Meitei have a reference to the Bishnupriyas in their folklore, whereas the Tangkhul, and the Kabui, among others, mention the Meitei in their folklore.
		Moreover, both the Tangkhul and Meitei folklore mention that the Tangkhul and the Meitei are of the same descent.
	tabish.freeshell.org /eeyek/mani_intro.html (669 words)

	Articles - Manipur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Meiteis from the valley region is one of the ethnic group in Manipur.
		Their language is Meitei (also known Meiteilon or Manipuri) which is also the lingua franca in the state.
		The long-standing demand to include the Manipuri language in the 8th schedule was finally granted (by the 71st amendment of the Constitution in 1992).
	www.1-ace.com /articles/Manipur (2165 words)

	Language in India
		In their adopted land their lives and limbs were safe; but their language and culture began to lose ground against those of the majority.
		Consequently, it was difficult for the small number of Bishnupriyas who remained in Manipur to retain their language because of the impact of Meitei, although Dr. G.A. Grierson, in 1891, found the existence of a considerable number of speakers (1000) in two or three villages near Bishnupur, locally known as Lamangdong.(LSI, Vol -V, Page 419).
		They feel aggrieved that their identity as speakers of a Manipuri language that is quite distinct from Meithei has not been given due consideration when Meithei was taken to be wholly synonymous to Manipuri.
	www.languageinindia.com /dec2002/bishnupriya.html (2377 words)

	Tibeto-Burman languages - Gurupedia
		Sino-Tibetan language family is spoken in various central and south Asian countries: Myanmar (Burmese language), Tibet (Tibetan language), northern
		Thailand (Mong language), Nepal, Bhutan, India (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and the
		Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir), and western Pakistan (Balti language).
	www.gurupedia.com /t/ti/tibeto-burman.htm (78 words)

	leisure channel >> reader writes ~ Manipur - E-Pao! :: Complete e-platform for Manipuris
		It is almost 15 years after Manipuri Language was included in the 8th Schedule, we the Manipuri should be proud of having such a language and we should strive for improvement of the script.
		They are trying to develop their own script and language which can give a valuable light to the North East History that we NE people have our own script.
		Every one of the Meiteis think that they are the only ones who are concerned with the meiteiness.
	www.e-pao.net /epPageSelector.asp?src=reader_writes&ch=leisure (8804 words)

	SPRING 2001 SERIES
		Trigraphia in the Meitei Language: a Linguistic, Cultural and Historical Analysis
		Her dissertation entitled The Sacred Alphabet and the Divine Body: the Case of Meitei Mayek in North-Eastern India was based on fieldwork in Manipur.
		Professor Mufwene's recent research has focused on language evolution, including questions of language vitality and the development of creoles and of other varieties of European languages in their former settlement and exploitation colonies.
	www.ling.unt.edu /spring_2001_series.htm (231 words)

	webindia123.com-People of Manipur
		The Meitei language, which is the official state language is basically the language of the valley people and other dialects spoken by the tribes in the hills are classified under Tibeto-Burman family.
		Meitei language have been borrowed by the Naga and Kuki people of the hills.
		Christianity, introduced by the British as a policy was not embraced by Meiteis in the valley but attracted almost entire hill tribes.
	www.webindia123.com /manipur/people/people.htm (640 words)

	Meithei language - Wikipedia Light! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Meithei is taught as a subject up to the Post-graduate level (Ph.D.) in Universities of India, apart from being a medium of instruction upto the undergraduate level in Manipur.
		There are more than 39 another language one is Bishnupriya (or Bishnupriya Manipuri), which was also spoken in the polyglot land of Manipur before 15th century, which is mentioned in Sir G.A.Griersons 'Linguistic Survey of India'.
		Subsequently, the Bengali script was adopted to write the language and is being used till date.
	godseye.com /wiki/index.php?title=Meithei (257 words)

	Wikinfo \| Tibeto-Burman languages
		The subfamily includes approximately 350 languages; Burmese has the most speakers (approximately 32 million).
		Approximately six million Tibetans speak one of several related languages.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Tibeto-Burman (102 words)

	RCILTS, IIT Guwahati
		Manipuri is the principal language spoken in the state of Manipur.
		Manipuri language and the Meitei language are one and the same.
		Diphthongs are rare and the combination of all the vowels occur with the semi vowels /w/and /y/ as in the following.
	www.iitg.ernet.in /rcilts/meitei.htm (851 words)

	Manipuri (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Manipuri or Meiteilon is the predominant language and lingua-franca in the state of Manipur, in northeastern India.
		Meiteilon has been recognized as the Manipuri language by the Indian Union and has been included in the list of scheduled languages (included in the 8th schedule by the 71st amendment of the constitution in 1992).
		The Meitei language had its own script named Meetei-Mayek, which was in use till the 18th century.
	www.aseannewsnetwork.de /articles/content/m/ma/manipuri.html (283 words)

	Meitei — (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Manipuri, Meithei, Meiteilon, Meithe, Meiteiron, Kathi, Menipuri, Kathe, Mithe, Meitei, Ponna, Mitei
		The Open Language Archives Community (OLAC) is an international partnership of institutions and individuals who are creating a worldwide virtual library of language resources.
		The LINGUIST List is dedicated to providing information on language and language analysis, and to providing the discipline of linguistics with the infrastructure necessary to function in the digital world.
	www.rosettaproject.org /archive/mni (199 words)

	[No title]
		As in past years, the meeting was held in the form of a frank open-ended and detailed discussion of specialists and some interested lay persons.
		Another highlight of this year's meeting was a state of the art overview of genetics, especially that of non-recombinant Y-chromosome genetic studies, which was presented by a former Cavalli-Sforza student (now teaching at Sassari, Sardinia): P. FRANCALACCI : The peopling of Eurasia: the contribution of Y-chromosome analysis.
		This year, we explored, from various angles, the northwest of and areas further northwest of the Indian subcontinent, the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological complex, and their mutual relationships from the Indus civilization onwards.
	www.ling.hawaii.edu /faculty/stampe/AA/Harvard_Round_Table_2001 (654 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:MNR
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		They had an earlier script called 'Meitei Mayek.' Valley.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=MNR (112 words)

	The People, General Profile of Manipur
		Manipur is inhabited by three major ethnic groups in Manipur - the Meiteis in the valley, the Nagas and the Kuki-Chin tribes in the hills.
		The Meitei Pangals (Meitei Muslims) form a minority community.
		The Meitei language which is the mother-tongue of the Meitei people is the lingua-franca of the State.
	www.investinmanipur.nic.in /gp_people.htm (100 words)

	The People, General Profile of Manipur
		Manipur is inhabited by three major ethnic groups in Manipur - the Meiteis in the valley, the Nagas and the Kuki-Chin tribes in the hills.
		The Meitei Pangals (Meitei Muslims) form a minority community.
		The Meitei language which is the mother-tongue of the Meitei people is the lingua-franca of the State.
	investinmanipur.nic.in /gp_people.htm (100 words)

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