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Topic: Melanocyte

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	Melanocyte definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms
		Embryology: Melanocytes originate in the neural crest and migrate to the basal layer of the epidermis and the hair matrices.
		The failure of melanocytes to migrate to these locations explains the association of congenital white spotting of the skin (piebaldism) with heterochromia (the juxtaposition of different colors) in the iris as well as congenital deafness in Waardenburg syndrome.
		Malignancy: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that arises from a mutant melanocyte.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4341 (613 words)

	Melanocyte Totally Explained
		Melanocytes are cells located in the bottom layer, the basal lamina, of the skin's epidermis and in the middle layer of the eye, the uvea.
		The difference in skin color between fair people and dark people is due not to the number of melanocytes in their skin, but to the melanocytes' level of activity.
		All melanocytes have the capacity to migrate widely in the embryo, and therefore a cancer of a melanocyte, a melanoma, will spread (metastasize) very easily.
	melanocyte.totallyexplained.com (580 words)

	Glossary M-R.html
		The melanocyte usually provides tanning and sun protection as well as ultraviolet-radiation protection to the remainder of the skin.
		The highest degree of abnormality in a melanocyte cell results in the deadly skin cancer melanoma.
		- A tumor derived from the melanocyte cells in the lower epidermis.
	www.skincancerinfo.com /glossary/glossary-m-r.html (1868 words)

	MySpace.com - Melanocyte of the Creator - 30 - Male - Bed Stuy, New York - www.myspace.com/fikrumpho
		Melanocyte of the Creator is in your extended network
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	www.myspace.com /fikrumpho (1001 words)

	T-Cell Recognition and Cytokine Profile Induced by Melanocyte Epitopes in Patients with HLA-DRB1*0405-Positive and ...
		at melanocytes, and thus it is important to pursue its autoantigenic
		an increased breadth of recognition of melanocyte epitopes in
		and the increased breadth of melanocyte peptide recognition
	www.iovs.org /cgi/content/full/46/7/2465 (3876 words)

	Melanocyte-specific gene expression: role of repression and identification of a melanocyte-specific factor, MSF. -- ...
		Goding, C. Mitf from neural crest to melanoma: signal transduction and transcription in the melanocyte lineage.
		microphthalmia, a critical factor in melanocyte development, defines a discrete transcription factor family..
		Carreira, S., Liu, B., Goding, C. The Gene Encoding the T-box Factor Tbx2 Is a Target for the Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor in Melanocytes.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/14/5/3494 (504 words)

	Semm, events - The Skin: from Melanocyte to Melanoma. Theoretical and practical course
		Semm, events - The Skin: from Melanocyte to Melanoma.
		Melanocytes and Melanoma Cells: Culture Conditions and Manipulation
		The number of participants will be limited to 40
	www.semm.it /course/melanoma07 (61 words)

	Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
		In humans, melanocytes are responsible for moles, freckles, and suntan (and, if they turn cancerous, melanoma).
		This is secreted from the cells and stimulates nearby melanocytes (thus a paracrine effect) to synthesize melanin.
		This is secreted into the blood and may help reduce skin inflammation by stimulating the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/MSH.html (462 words)

	Epidermal melanocyte culture formulations - Patent 6943024
		The present invention further relates to methods of culturing epidermal melanocytes for transplantation using the medium of the present invention to obtain a proliferating population of epidermal melanocytes that is capable of migratory behavior and melanogenesis.
		The present invention is based on the observation that epidermal melanocytes isolated and cultured in the medium of the present invention have enhanced proliferation, migration and melanogenesis.
		To improve epidermal melanocytes adhesion to the matrix, survival, function and/or migration of the epidermal melanocytes, the matrix may optionally be coated on its external surface with factors known in the art to promote cell adhesion, growth, survival or migration.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6943024.html (7285 words)

	Center for Cancer Research - Staff Pages
		Melanocytes originate from neural crest cells during embryogenesis, and must undergo a complex migratory process, coupled with well-regulated proliferative expansion, to reach the skin and hair follicle in sufficient numbers to confer pigmentation to these organs.
		We are using murine Mitf mutants to explore the consequences of reductions of Mitf dosage In melanocytes on cell proliferation and survival.
		Melanocyte survival and production of melanin appears to be regulated not only by the intrinsic activities of transcription factors, but also by signaling pathways activated by extracellular factors such as endothelin-1, SCF/Kit ligand, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) acting via intracellular effectors such as the Ras proto-oncogene.
	ccr.cancer.gov /Staff/Staff.asp?profileid=8252 (686 words)

	Melanocyte Summary
		Melanocytes are pigment (melanin)-producing cells found in the deepest or basal layer of the epidermis.
		Melanocytes are cells located in the bottom layer of the skin's epidermis.
		All melanocytes have the capacity to migrate widely in the embryo, and therefore a cancer of a melanocyte, a melanoma, will spread (metastasize) very easily.
	www.bookrags.com /Melanocyte (809 words)

	Melanocyte Transplant
		Melanocyte transplantation is NOT first-line therapy for vitiligo.
		Since melanocytes are the cells that give color to the skin, if the transplanted cells survive the procedure, they should soon produce pigment to begin the repigmentation process.
		Melanocytes reside at the junction between the epidermis and the dermis and for the melanocytes to be able to adhere and begin to grow, the first layer of the skin (the epidermis) must be removed.
	www.hci.utah.edu /patientdocs/melanoma/melanocyte_transplant.html (964 words)

	Pigmentation enhancer and method - Patent 5589161
		The subject's skin is treated with a pigment enhancer comprising an agent capable of increasing the amount of melanin in a human melanocyte, and a pharmaceutically acceptable topical carrier as previously described.
		Melanocytes are located in the lower part of the epidermis, and their function is to synthesize a brown pigment, melanin, which protects the body from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation.
		When the dopa oxidase activity of cultured skin melanocytes was examined by dopa staining, a similar staining pattern between day 0 and day 7 foreskin cultures was observed, showing that the culture conditions maintain the viability of the skin for many days.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5589161.html (4508 words)

	Antibody Review - Pigment Cell (Melanocyte) Markers
		Melanocyte is a pigment-producing cell in the skin, hair and eye that determines their color.
		The major determinant of color is not the number but rather the activity of the melanocytes.
		a melanocytic nuclear protein critical for the embryonic development and postnatal viability of melanocytes.
	www.antibodybeyond.com /reviews/cell-markers/pigment-cell-marker.htm (152 words)

	Mutations in Rat Coat Color
		Melanocytes synthesize melanin granules which are incorporated into the growing hair (click on image for larger picture).
		Normal melanocyte and enteric neural crest cell migration depends on the presence of endolethin B and endolethin B receptors, which regulate the differentiation, proliferation, and migration of melanocytes and enteric neural crest cells during development.
		Rats with the dilute mutation (called Myo5a(d) in the literature) produce normal types and quantities of pigment in their melanocytes, but the transport of these pigments to the hair shaft is disrupted due to a mutation in myosin 5.
	www.ratbehavior.org /CoatColorMutations.htm (6357 words)

	Skin Research Center: Biology of Melanocytes and Melanoma Cluster - Dermatology
		Aberrant expression of this ligand is one of the earliest events in malignant transformation of melanocytes, and the consequent continuous activation of its receptor, FGFR1, confers autonomous growth.
		She showed that the loss of the pigmented phenotype of experimentally transformed mouse melanocytes is due to downregulation of mi, the transcription factor that controls the expression of tyrosinase, the key enzyme in melanin synthesis, as well as several other pigment-specific genes.
		The purpose of this study is to establish cultures of melanocytes from nevi and primary melanomas (early lesions) in order to determine the genetic defects in growth-factor-dependent malignant pigment cells.
	info.med.yale.edu /dermatology/src/guides/cluster.html (2754 words)

	Study of transplantation of melanocyte keratinocyte suspension in treatment of vitiligo Rastogi Swati, Goyal Puneet, ...
		Aims: Aims of the study were to evaluate response of transplantation of melanocyte keratinocyte cell suspension in patients of stable vitiligo.
		Vitiligo is a disorder in which owing to disappearance of melanocytes in skin, sharply delimited symmetrically arranged white patches develop.
		The dermis is separated from the epidermis and is transferred to a test tube containing 3 ml of melanocyte medium and mixed for 15 seconds.
	www.e-ijd.org /article.asp?issn=0019-5154;year=2006;volume=51;issue=2;spage=142;epage=144;aulast=Rastogi (1314 words)

	Modulation of murine melanocyte function in vitro by agouti signal protein
		Melan-a melanocytes were cultured in the absence (-) or presence of (10, 1, 0.1 or 0.01 nM) ASP for 24 h.
		Epidermal and hair follicle melanocytes arise from the same pool of precursor melanoblasts, but could later acquire changes in cell surface receptors or intracellular signaling that affect their pheomelanogenic potential.
		Why eumelanogenic melanocytes, when introduced into culture, produce significant levels of pheomelanin in the absence of exogenously added ASP, is not known at this time, although it has been noted previously (Sato et al., 1985a; Hunt et al., 1995).
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v16/n12/full/7590332a.html (6008 words)

	NEL, The actions of melanin and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
		Melanin is a complex of insoluble, polyquinone, brown or red pigment and protein, formed by the oxidation of tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in the presence of tyrosinase.
		The functions attributed to melanins are acting as a barrier against ionizing radiation; participating in developmental processes, serving as a cosmetic entity, and scavenging cytotoxic radicals and intermediates.
		Melanocytes express numerous receptors that allow interaction with other cells in their microenvironment, including keratinocytes and the immune component of the skin Langerhans cells.
	www.nel.edu /20_5/nel20_5orig1_Ebadi.htm (302 words)

	Melanocyte Function and Its Control by Melanocortin Peptides -- Tsatmali et al. 50 (2): 125 -- Journal of ...
		Burchill SA, Virden R, Thody AJ (1989) Regulation of tyrosinase synthesis and its processing in the hair follicular melanocytes of the mouse during eumelanogenesis and phaeomelanogenesis.
		Iyengar B, Misra RS (1987) Reaction of dendritic melanocytes in vitiligo to the substrates of tyrosine metabolism.
		Slominski A, Paus R, Schadendorf D (1993a) Melanocytes as "sensory" and regulatory cells in the epidermis.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/50/2/125 (5548 words)

	Melanocyte/disclaim.htm (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Melanocyte is designed for educational purposes only and is not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services.
		The information provided through Melanocyte should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease.
		The students, faculty, School of Nursing, Department of Science and Health of, and including, The William Paterson University cannot be held responsible for the contents of Melanocyte.
	www.wpunj.edu /cos/nursing/melanocyte/disclaim.HTM (99 words)

	Interactions between Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Melanocyte ...
		Melanocytes were grown in the presence of increasing concentrations of each growth factor: a) IGF-I (0–100 ng/mL; fl columns) and des(1 2 3)IGF-I (0–100 ng/mL; clear columns), b) GH (0–100 ng/mL), and c) bFGF (0–50 ng/mL).
		Melanocytes were grown in the presence of the growth factor combinations described [IGF-I, des(1 2 3)IGF-I, and GH were at 100 ng/mL and bFGF was at 50 ng/mL].
		Melanocyte CM was immunoprecipitated with specific antisera to human IGFBP-4 or human IGFBP-3, and samples were subjected to WLB and autoradiography.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/84/5/1638 (4824 words)

	Amazon.com: melanocyte (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Melanoblasts and Melanocytes in Fetal Negro Skin by Arnold A. And Becker, Jr.
		Melanocyte stimulating substances in the urine of pregnant women (Acta endocrinologica.
		The epidermal melanocyte population and its reaction to ultraviolet light (Acta dermato-venereologica : Supplementum) by Inger Rosdahl (Unknown Binding - 1979)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=melanocyte&index=blended&page=1 (412 words)

	INTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		a-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone is a 13 amino acid peptide produced from metabolism of Proopiomelanocortin.
		One of the fragments of Proopiomelano-cortin is Adrenocorticotropin which is further fragmented to form a-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone and Corticotropin-Like Intermediate Lobe Peptide (CLIP).
		a-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone is the major melanotropin in the rat corresponding to b-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone in the human.
	www.interscienceinstitute.com /book/m.html (1446 words)

	Journal of Autoimmune Diseases \| Full text \| Transfer of efficient anti-melanocyte T cells from vitiligo donors to ...
		High frequencies of self-reactive T lymphocytes directed toward melanocyte differentiation antigens are found in vitiligo patients and might be directly responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease.
		Many self proteins expressed by melanocytes in the skin of healthy donors, in non-depigmented skin of vitiligo patients and in melanoma patients are demonstrably immunogenic [6-8].
		An unusual facet of vitiligo is its relation to melanoma: cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed at self antigens shared by normal melanocytes and melanoma cells are found in both conditions and suggest a breakdown of tolerance [11,30-34], yet the resulting immune reaction is the opposite [35-37].
	www.jautoimdis.com /content/2/1/7 (3121 words)

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