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	Melungeon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Melungeon is a term traditionally applied to one of a number of so-called "tri-racial isolate" groups of the Eastern United States, found mainly in Appalachia, especially Eastern Tennessee, Southwestern Virginia, and Eastern Kentucky.
		Melungeons are a highly controversial subject, and there is wide disagreement among secondary sources as to their ethnic, linguistic, cultural and geographic origins and identity.
		For the 2000 Census it was "662 Melungeons".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Melungeon (4128 words)

	Melungeons, history, genealogy, research, articles - About the Melungeons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		From the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century, occasional newspaper and magazine articles affirmed that the Melungeons were real and that they lived in isolation because of their mysterious ethnic heritage — presumed by non-Melungeons to be a mixture of white, fl, and Indian.
		The Melungeons are a group of mixed ethnic ancestry first documented in northeastern Tennessee and southwestern Virginia.
		The Melungeons have historically been associated with the region along the Virginia-Tennessee border east of Cumberland Gap, with Newman’s Ridge in Hancock County, Tennessee, receiving most of the attention from journalists.
	www.melungeon.org /index.cgi?BISKIT=2610207705&CONTEXT=cat&cat=10005 (2133 words)

	Melungeon Ethnogenesis - Part V
		Many Melungeons have a Mediterranean or Middle Eastern appearance, yet their physical features remained invisible as markers of these ethnicities within the surrounding Appalachian population which deemed itself, and them, to be ‘white’ (see Bell 2005 for a discussion of how ‘whiteness’ was established as a racial, elite category in Colonial America).
		In this section we explore Melungeon ethnicity as a social label that has been transformed over the past decade from a stigmatic identity, one that was hidden, denied and (if possible) discarded, to a prized personal possession, one that is displayed publicly with pride.
		The Trail of Tears commenced with Melungeons on both sides of the barricades, as indicated by the presence of Melungeon surnames recorded afterwards in both the eastern and western bands of the Cherokee, and letters from Cherokees to Melungeon researchers.
	journals.aol.com /nmorri3924/MelungeonResearch/entries/2006/06/06/melungeon-ethnogenesis---part-v/1219 (3256 words)

	My Melungeon Heritage
		Most of the history of the Melungeons is speculation because there was nothing recorded by the earliest inhabitants of the ridge.
		Possibly the most widely accepted theory of the Melungeon's origin has been that of the "Lost Colony." When supply ships came to Roanoke Island from England in 1560, all evidence that remained of the 150 colonists that had arrived there three years earlier were their dilapidated houses and the word CROATOAN carved on a tree.
		Even before the disappearance of the lost colony, an earlier expedition from England had recorded finding Indians who "were of yellowish color and their hair fl for the msot part, and yet we saw children that had very fine auburn and chestnut-colored hair," whom they assumed were probably descendants of earlier shipwrecked European sailors.
	brendanichols.tripod.com /melungeon.html (1603 words)

	melungeons.com home
		Melungeon Related Surnames on the 1850 Census Index
		Many Melungeons were recorded as White or Free Person of Color on the 1840 censuses, but this censuses record only the name of the head of household.
		It took its name IN HONOR of the original Melungeons who were ethnically diverse but came together as ONE people to survive and live in peace and harmony.
	www.melungeons.com (1127 words)

	- Melungeon Overview -Native American Indian Tribes - Over 2,000 articles on native american indians, their culture & ...
		The Melungeons were ‘discovered’ in the Appalachian Mountains in 1654 by English explorers and were described as being ‘dark-skinned with fine European features, (meaning they were not fl) and as being a hairy people, who lived in log cabins with peculiar arched windows, (meaning they were not Indians).
		These Melungeon people practiced the Christian religion, and told the explorers in broken Elizabethan English, that they were ‘Portyghee,’ but were described as being ‘not white,’; that is, not of Northern European stock, even though some of them had red hair and others had VERY striking blue or blue/green eyes.
		Melungeon people were discriminated against by their Scots-Irish and English neighbors as they moved into the areas where the Melungeons lived.
	www.aaanativearts.com /article242.html (1687 words)

	What Is a Melungeon?
		The Indians in the ancestry of the Melungeons were very mixed with a lot of both Black and White in them, one cannot claim Indian ancestry from eastern or central Virginia and North Carolina without including the very large Black element in these Indians.
		The Cherokee particularly inter-married with the Graysville Melungeons of the Tennessee River Valley.
		The Melungeons formed in the Piedmont of Virginia and North Carolina, not in the Appalachian Mountains, and three of the main groups never were in the Appalachians, the original Goinstown group, the Graysville Melungeons and the Person County group, so those definitions that describe the Melungeons as Appalachian are wrong.
	www.geocities.com /mikenassau/what.htm (2298 words)

	Melungeon
		The term Melungeon was originally used for a group of people living on Newman's Ridge and vicinity, near Sneedville in Hancock County, Tennessee, and their descendants.
		Since Melungeons have no racial definition, no physical anthropological definition such as having flat feet (though many do), the meaning of the word is social, a member of a Melungeon community.
		During the struggle for land, the white settlers declared that the Melungeons were "Free Person of Color" or "mulatto." In many cases, this legal designation stripped the Melungeons of many of their rights including the right to vote, to send their children to school, and to defend themselves in a court of law.
	www.dickensoncounty.net /melungeon2.html (2697 words)

	Melungeon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The name Melungeon refers to a people of mixed descent who, according to one theory, are descendants of early Spanish and Portuguese explorers who made settlements in Georgia and the Carolinas prior to the historic Jamestown establishments of 1567 or 1607.
		Genetic studies give rise to the belief that the Melungeons were originally from northwest Africa who, known as Moors, moved into Spain and Portugal around 710 A.D. Exiled during the Spanish Inquisition, these people may have come to the New World in the 16th Century.
		Melungeon genealogy continues to be extensively explored here in Hancock County, the ancestral and current home of so many of these unique people.
	www.discoveret.org /overhome/page3e.html (246 words)

	AMERICAN INDIAN
		Diversity is what Melungeons are all about, and personally, my guess is that no one point of view will apply to all Melungeon descendants, everyone has their own story.
		With the exception of a few who remained in Melungeon areas, and were proud of their heritage in spite of harassment and prejudice, and who clearly stood out as being of a different ethnic background.
		He recognized that the Melungeons are not culturally distinct from their rural Appalachian white neighbors and was aware of the theory that the Melungeons are descended from shipwrecked Portuguese sailors who made their way inland.
	www.angelfire.com /tn3/youngeagle/AMERICAN_INDIANbook.htm (20074 words)

	Continuity Press - Melungeon Books, Appalachian Books, Civil War Books, Upper Cumberland Books, Genealogy Books
		Evidence shows that historical Melungeons were in what is now Hancock County and Claiborne County about 1800, give-or-take a few years, but there is no evidence they were there before the first white adventurers came through, which would have been in the 1760s.
		Trial documents involving Melungeons indicted on counts of violations concerning Negroes and mulattos show that they were found not guilty or else the charges were dropped.
		Some Melungeons are thought to have later married into families who had Cherokee ancestry.
	www.continuitypress.com /Melungeons.html (1584 words)

	Anyone heard of the Melungeon peoples? [Archive] - SOHH.com Global Forum
		In the Civil War, Melungeon sympathy certainly lay with the Union side, since the Southerners treated them with contempt as non-white and were the people who had stolen their valley land.
		Melungeon graves sometimes have small wooden houses built over them (which has reminded some observers of a similar trait among Eskimo members of the Russian Orthodox church), but this is no longer done and no explanation has been given for the practice.
		The Melungeons involved in the study have been impatient for their results, and still have not gotten the individual DNA analyses they're eager for.
	forums.sohh.com /archive/index.php/t-397358.html (5038 words)

	A definition of a Melungeon?
		I started my research on Melungeons and other Mestees as part of a project on the Dusky Seaside Sparrows, to determine if they are extinct since they went down to a few males and had to be saved by outbreeding to Scott's Seaside Sparrow females.
		I guess everyone agrees that Melungeons were formed during the period from the establishment of the first successful English colony in Virginia in 1607 and the passing of the fourteenth amendment in 1864 (I believe).
		Of course, many of the Melungeons in 1864 were accepted officially as white, and it is impossible to know to what extent they were socially acceptable in the white community.
	backintyme.com /ODR/post-8767.html (1768 words)

	info
		The Melungeons are a people of apparent Mediterranean descent who may have settled in the Appalachian wilderness as early or possibly earlier than 1567.
		First of all, as the mixed-ancestry descendents of native Americans as well as other ethnic identities, many Melungeons will find this question to be offensive-- many of their true ancestors were ALREADY here, prior to contact with European and African in-migrants, the Official Voice of the Second Union Planning Committee says.
		Kennedy's interest in the Melungeons began with an illness that took him to the emergency room in Atlanta, Georgia where he was diagnosed with erythema nodosum sarcoidosis.
	www.melungeonhealth.org /info.html (1792 words)

	Historical Melungeons
		In our examination of the many articles, books, and websites on "Who are the Melungeons, etc" we have discovered most of these are opinions with little or no historical records to back them up.
		These pages are brought to you by a group of researchers determined to show factual information concerning the historical Melungeons.
		The Melungeons of East Tennessee are not a mixed race.
	www.geocities.com /ourmelungeons/front.html (187 words)

	EXAMINING MELUNGEON HISTORY AND GENEALOGY
		The term "Melungeon" was probably in common usage before then, but this is the first time I have found it recorded.
		In conversations with several old-timers, including two who’s pictures are in the Melungeon story "Sons of the Legend" (1947 Saturday Evening Post Article by William L. Warden), they did not realize until the story was published in the Saturday Evening Post that they were the Melungeons the author was writing about.
		Much of their hillside farms have returned to the wild as found by those first Melungeons who were part of the original pioneer settlers that came with the whites from Virginia and North Carolina.
	www.jgoins.com /emhistory.htm (2538 words)

	The Melungeon DNA Surname Project
		This DNA sample is from a Moore family which immigrated to Virginia in the early 1700's from England and then came to live in Melungeon settlements in Appalachia.
		COOPER like YATES is Ashkenazic in origin and must be distinguished from the Anglo-Saxon occupational surname of the same spelling, a word derived from “coop,” something to keep or hold things, whether in a cask or a hen in her prison.
		We theorize that the deep blue eyes combined with a rather dark or olive complexion found among many Melungeon and families, is the genetic signature of the Goths.
	www.melungeons.com /articles/melungeondnaproject.htm (5810 words)

	Melungeon The Americas Ethnicity Society
		Description and history of the Melungeons and other mixed race groups in the eastern United States.
		They are connected to both the Melungeons and the mixed race groups of South Carolina.
		Paper on the Melungeons of Carmel, Ohio, presented at Third Union, posted on the Melungeon Heritage Association webpage.
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Society/Ethnicity/The_Americas/Melungeon (1118 words)

	Was Elvis a Melungeon?
		Because they were thought to have intermarried with fls, they were declared “free persons of color.” Melungeons were denied such rights, as the right to vote; own their own land; educate or send their children to school; defend themselves in court; or intermarry with anyone other than a Melungeon.
		Studying about 120 mictochondrial DNA samples of Melungeon people, five percent had Native American ancestry on the female side and five percent had African and African-American ancestry on the female side.
		Whether Melungeons are a race or a culture may never be resolved.
	www.baconsrebellion.com /Issues05/01-31/Curious.htm (792 words)

	Mercer University Press: How They Shine: Melungeon Characters in the Fiction of Appalachia
		Their use of Melungeons is not intended as an insult, but instead as a way to say more with less.
		Melungeon means mystery, unpredicatbility, isolation, prejudice, passion, volatility, superstition, pride.
		Melungeon conjures visions of independent life on Appalachian ridges, tongue-speaking preachers handling poisonous snakes, secluded log cabins with arched windows, and family genealogies complete with foreign-sounding names.
	www.mupress.org /webpages/books/brake.html (306 words)

	Melungeon dna project
		The participants must descend in a Genealogical useful line; i.e., father to son to son, etc. for the Y chromosome testing and Mother to daughter to daughter, etc. for the mtDNA testing.
		The Core Melungeon Project volunteer administrator has no commercial affiliation with any profit making organization and receives no compensation for services or expenses involved with the project.
		NOTE: If you have historically known Melungeon ancestors, and already belong to a DNA Project, you may join us as your second project, when you do, your results will be moved to our site.
	www.jgoins.com /core_melungeon.htm (750 words)

	melungeon.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		So when Effena saw she was going to die she asked me not to ever let Cordia know that her pa had been a Melungeon.
		But other folks claimed that Melungeons were a Lost Colony or a Lost Tribe or something.
		Then when I recollected that Ad had told me Mos had a Melungeon boy from Newman's Ridge in Hancock County staying over there with him during the winter to help saw wood, I seed that would make things worse.
	athena.english.vt.edu /~appalach/readings/melungeon.htm (4355 words)

	Melungeon Family Photo Album
		The Pioneers of the Interior: The Melungeons:, 1526-1997, Villagra Press, Knoxville, 1997.
		Barr, Phyllis Cox, “The Melungeons of Newman’s Ridge,” Graduate thesis presented to the Department of English Faculty, East Tennessee State University, 1965.
		Cavender, Anthony P., “The Melungeons of Upper East Tennessee: Persisting Social Identity,” Tennessee Anthropologist, Vol.
	groups.msn.com /MelungeonFamilyPhotoAlbum/books.msnw (771 words)

	Melungeon Page
		The 2000 Census helped raise the level of interest in Melungeon origins and classification.
		The Bureau of the Census has taken care of the problem quite neatly, under "Other Race", ethnic category 662 is Melungeon.
		Description of several groups which are called Melungeon.
	mikenassau.freehomepage.com /melungeonpage.html (164 words)

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