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Topic: Melvin Calvin

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	timelinescience - photosynthesis (Melvin Calvin) - resources
		Calvin set up a team of young scientists - at 34 he was about the oldest - and for the first time he got together biologists, chemists and physicists who all worked together contributing different skills to the research.
		The Calvin group showed that sunlight acts on the chlorophyll in a plant to fuel the manufacturing of organic compounds, rather than on carbon dioxide as was previously believed.
		Melvin Calvin won 1961 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his discovery of the chemical pathways of photosynthesis.
	www.timelinescience.org /resource/students/photosyn/calvin.htm (322 words)

	Melvin Calvin Obituary
		Calvin was born on April 8, 1911 in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
		One of Calvin's last visits to the Hill was in October 1995, when as a tribute to his accomplishments, the Laboratory named one of its nine roads in his honor.
		Calvin is survived by two daughters, Elin Sowie and Karole Campbell, and a son, Noel, six grandchildren and two great grandchildren.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/Melvin-Calvin-obit.html (570 words)

	Melvin Calvin, April 8, 1911—January 8, 1997 \| By Glenn T. Seaborg and Andrew A. Benson \| Biographical Memoirs
		Melvin was at home in discussions of the excited triplet states of chlorophyll and intermediates in the energy transfer processes of photosynthesis, subjects that clearly passed over the heads of most plant biologists of that period.
		Melvin Calvin was a fearless scientist, totally unafraid to venture into new fields like hot atom chemistry, carcinogenesis, chemical evolution and the origin of life, organic geochemistry, immunochemistry, petroleum production from plants, farming, moon rock analysis, and development of novel synthetic biomembrane models for plant photosystems.
		Melvin Calvin's mind, constantly on the move, recognized the relationship and explained a possible mechanism for dismutation, simultaneous oxidation of one carbon and reduction of another, followed by cleavage of a six-carbon intermediate, each of the individual processes being energetically favorable.
	www.nap.edu /html/biomems/mcalvin.html (4292 words)

	Melvin Calvin Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Melvin Calvin was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, on April 8, 1911, to Russian immigrant parents.
		Calvin's proposal that plants change light energy to chemical energy by transferring an electron in an organized array of pigment molecules and other substances was substantiated by research in his laboratory and elsewhere.
		Calvin tested his theories of the chemical evolution of life with studies of organic substances found in ancient rocks and of the formation of organic molecules by irradiation of gas mixtures, thus simulating the atmosphere thought to exist on earth billions of years ago.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/melvin-calvin (828 words)

	Calvin, Melvin (1911-1997)
		In 1950, Calvin and his associates began pioneering experiments in prebiotic evolution by irradiating a solution of carbon dioxide and water vapor with ionizing radiation from a cyclotron.
		In 1958, Calvin was appointed chairman of Panel 2 on Extraterrestrial Life, assembled to consider the problems of contamination by spacecraft.
		During the formative stages of NASA's astrobiology program, Calvin became chairman of the Space Biology Committee, and in 1961 was among the attendees at the Green Bank conference on SETI held in the wake of Project Ozma.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/C/CalvinM.html (445 words)

	Biotech @ 25: UC Scientists - Calvin
		Melvin Calvin is remembered for his work in photosynthesis for which he received a Nobel Prize in 1961.
		Calvin received his B.S. degree from the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in 1931, followed quickly by a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Minnesota.
		Calvin’s interdisciplinary group applied the techniques of many scientific areas to the solution of problems in biochemistry and molecular biology, in particular elucidation of the path of carbon in photosynthesis for which Calvin was awarded the Nobel Prize.
	bancroft.berkeley.edu /Exhibits/Biotech/calvin.html (991 words)

	Calvin Photosynthesis Group Subject of History Project
		Melvin Calvin, who was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for having unraveled the path of carbon in photosynthesis, retired from full-time activity at this Lab and UC Berkeley in 1980.
		In resolving the many intermediate steps in the process, the Calvin team showed that, rather than acting directly on carbon dioxide as had been believed previously, sunlight energy is first captured by the plant's chlorophyll, ultimately to fuel the synthesis of organic compounds.
		The Calvin project is supported by the Chemistry Department at UC Berkeley, the Chemical Heritage Foundation in Philadelphia, and the Royal Society and Gresham College, both in London.
	www.lbl.gov /LBL-Science-Articles/Archive/Calvin-history-project.html (711 words)

	Melvin Calvin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Melvin Calvin (April 8, 1911 – January 8, 1997) was a chemist most famed for discovering the Calvin cycle (along with Andrew Benson), for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
		Calvin earned his Bachelor of Science from the Michigan College of Mining and Technology (now know as Michigan Tech University) in 1931 and his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1935.
		Calvin joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley as an instructor in 1937 and was promoted to Professor of Chemistry in 1947.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Melvin_Calvin (598 words)

	MSU Chemistry - Gallery of Chemists' Photo-Portraits and Mini-Biographies - Individual
		Gary Steinman, M.D. Calvin received the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for elucidating the path by which CO is converted to carbohydrates in photosynthesis.
		Calvin's scientific interests were eclectic and included organic geochemistry, chemical evolution, chemical carcinogenesis, brain chemistry and the analysis of moon rocks.
		Calvin served as ACS president in 1971 and, besides the Nobel, his many honors included the Priestley Medal (1978) and the National Medal of Science (1989).
	www.chemistry.msu.edu /Portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Calvin (230 words)

	01.09.97 - Melvin Calvin, 1961 Nobelist and UC Berkeley professor, dies at age 85
		Melvin Calvin, 1961 Nobelist and UC Berkeley professor, dies at age 85
		The significance of Calvin's work "was that it was the first major application to use carbon-14 radioactive isotope as a tracer for a chemical pathway," said colleague Kenneth Sauer, who was a postdoctoral researcher with Calvin at the time he received the Nobel Prize.
		Calvin is survived by two daughters, Elin Sowle of Berkeley and Karole Campbell of Inverness; a son, Noel Calvin of Palo Alto; a sister, Sandra Davis of Los Angeles; six grandchildren and two great grandchildren.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/97legacy/calvin.html (673 words)

	Calvin, Melvin - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CALVIN, MELVIN [Calvin, Melvin] 1911-97, American organic chemist and educator, b.
		In 1937 he joined the faculty at the Univ. of California, where he became director (1946) of the bioorganic division of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (which became the Laboratory of Chemical Biodynamics in 1960) and professor (1947) of chemistry.
		Melvin Calvin Dies at 85; Won Nobel in Chemistry
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-calvin-m1.html (229 words)

	Melvin Calvin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Melvin Calvin Melvin Calvin (April 8, 1911 - January 8, 1997) was a chemist most famed for discovering the Calvin cycle (along with Adam Benson), for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
		Born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, the son of Russian immigrants, Calvin earned his Bachelor of Science from the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in 1931 and his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1935.
		His awards included the National Medal of Science, which he received in 1989, the Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society, the Davy Medal from the Royal Society of London, and the Gold Medal from the American Institute of Chemists.
	melvin-calvin.iqnaut.net (440 words)

	Seaborg is first Nobel Lecturer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The late Melvin Calvin (left) is shown with fellow Nobel winners Yuan T. Lee and Glenn Seaborg in 1986.
		The Melvin Calvin Nobel Laureate Series was established by Michigan Tech to honor its distinguished alumnus who was a member of the first graduating class in chemistry, in 1931, from what was then the Michigan College of Mining and Technology.
		Calvin's work yielded important discoveries in physical, organic, and biological chemistry.
	www.sas.it.mtu.edu /urel/breaking/1998/seaborg.htm (362 words)

	Melvin Calvin - Banquet Speech (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Melvin Calvin's speech at the Nobel Banquet in Stockholm, December 10, 1961
		This reaction is the foundation of life, not only for the green plants themselves but also for all higher animals.
		This complicated process - the object of intense studies for more thhan a century - has now been unravelled, Professor Calvin, by your establishing the intermediate steps in the reaction.
	uk.geocities.com /hertouyt/milko/calvin-speech.html (382 words)

	Sports in MaineToday.com \| Late Hits: Melvin who?
		Melvin Calvin won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1961 for his photosynthesis project.
		There was Melvin Purvis, Chicago's Chief of Police who was credited with the capture or killing some of the most notorious criminals in history: Bonnie and Clyde, John Dillinger, Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd, Baby Face Nelson and the Barker family to name but a few.
		Melvin Kaminsky was one of the funniest men alive, you may know him as Mel Brooks.
	sports.mainetoday.com /latehits/blog/000299.shtml (1003 words)

	Melvin Calvin - Biography
		Melvin Calvin was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, April 8, 1911, of Russian emigrant parents.
		He received the B.S. degree in Chemistry in 1931 at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology, and the Ph.D. degree in Chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1935.
		Dr. Calvin is married to the former Genevieve Jemtegaard, daughter of Norwegian emigrant parents, they have two daughters, Elin and Karole, and one son, Noel.
	www.nobel.se /chemistry/laureates/1961/calvin-bio.html (572 words)

	Melvin Calvin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1937 he joined the faculty of the University of California at Berkeley, where in 1946 he became director of the bioorganic chemistry group at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory; in 1971 he became university professor of chemistry.
		Calvin began his work on photosynthesis in the mid-1940s.
		By arresting the plant's growth at various stages and measuring the tiny amounts of radioactive compounds present, Calvin was able to identify most of the reactions involved in the intermediate steps of photosynthesis.
	chemistry.nobel.brainparad.com /melvin_calvin.html (223 words)

	ScienceMatters @ Berkeley. Melvin Calvin and Photosynthesis
		Using the newly-discovered Carbon 14 as a tracer though, Calvin and his colleagues followed the entire path of carbon through photosynthesis.
		Calvin also served on the President's Science Advisory Committee under both Presidents Kennedy and Johnson and was chairman of the Committee on Science and Public Policy at the National Academy of Sciences.
		Melvin Calvin died in 1997, but the breakthroughs of Mr.
	sciencematters.berkeley.edu /archives/volume2/issue11/legacy.php (479 words)

	Calvin Christian vs Blissfield (Jun 14, 2002)
		Melvin advanced to second on a wild pitch.
		Calvin Christian - inning 3 J.Warners reached on a throwing error by 2b.
		Calvin Christian - inning 5 Hudson to c for Sander.
	www.mhsaa.com /sports/base/02ba3sf2.html (952 words)

	Exchange Cycles - Storytime
		Melvin was born in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1911.
		Melvin’s father came from Kalvaria, which is now in Lithuania.
		Melvin says that “According to my father, the name Calvin originated with the immigration authorities and was based on his birthplace in Europe.”
	peer.tamu.edu /curriculum_modules/ecosystems/module_3/storytime.htm (426 words)

	Calvin Melvin 1911 Chemistry and chemical biodynamics at Berkeley, 1937-1980 : typescript, [ca. 1978]. AIP ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Calvin Melvin 1911 Chemistry and chemical biodynamics at Berkeley, 1937-1980 : typescript, [ca.
		Typed transcript of tape recorded interviews by Arthur Norberg between October of 1974 and March of 1978.
		Deals with Calvin's Nobel- prizewinning research in photosynthesis and his views on the place of nuclear chemistry in Berkeley research programs.
	www.aip.org /history/catalog/icos/5638.html (91 words)

	Calvin Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This mechanism is generally known as the Calvin cycle after Melvin Calvin in whose laboratory this portion of photosynthesis was dissected.
		Clearly the need for ATP and NADPH will put the Calvin cycle on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane where these high-energy molecules are produced by the light reactions.
		Rather the Calvin cycle enzymes are dissolved in the stroma (the cytosol of the ancient endosymbiont).
	koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu /plant_Physiology/calvincycle.html (2096 words)

	Photosynthesis - The Dark Reactions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The key enzyme in the Calvin Cycle is the one that catalyzes the transformation of the 5-carbon sugar ribulose-5-phosphate and the single-carbon carbon dioxide to two 3-carbon 3-phosphoglycerates.
		In particular, several enzymes of the Calvin Cycle are activated by the breaking of disulphide bridges.
		The reactions of the Calvin cycle have to stop when they run out of substrate; as photosynthesis stops, there is no more ATP or NADPH in the stroma for the dark reactions to take place.
	web.mit.edu /esgbio/www/ps/dark.html (485 words)

	Calvin Family Crest
		The Calvin family is linked to the ancient Anglo-Saxon culture of Britain.
		In continental Europe, the most ancient recorded family crest was discovered upon the monumental effigy of a Count of Wasserburg in the church of St. Emeran, at Ratisobon, Germany...
		In the Calvin coat of arms as in all coat of arms the crest is only one element of the full armorial achievement.
	www.houseofnames.com /xq/asp.fc/qx/calvin-family-crest.htm?a=54323-224 (621 words)

	Calvin, Melvin (1911-) -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography
		Calvin, Melvin (1911-) -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography
		American biochemist who allowed carbon-14 to be absorbed by plants, then mashed up the cells and separated the contents using paper chromatography.
		For this, he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /biography/Calvin.html (57 words)

	Research Links
		Calvin was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1961 for his work on the elucidation of the biochemical pathways in photosynthesis.
		His work culminated in a description of the carbon-fixing cycle that bears his name.
		Download the CHIME plug-in to view the molecular structures of the chemicals involved in the Calvin cycle.
	wps.prenhall.com /esm_freeman_biosci_1/0,6452,498619-,00.html (453 words)

	Calvin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Calvin (Calvin and Hobbes) for the comic character
		Calvin College for the liberal arts college in Grand Rapids, MI Melvin Calvin, American Chemist
		This human name article is a disambiguation page – a list of pages that might otherwise share the same title, which is a person's or persons' name.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Calvin (105 words)

	AllRefer.com - Melvin Calvin (Chemistry, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Melvin Calvin (Chemistry, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Melvin Calvin 1911–97, American organic chemist and educator, b.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Melvin Calvin
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Calvin-M.html (203 words)

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