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| | MSN Encarta - Archive Article - 1939: Lithuania |
 | | Memel, a thin strip of land lying along the river Niemen on the northern border of East Prussia and inhabited by a population of about 150,000, had been preponderantly German since the 13th century. |
 | | The territory of Memel was, however, not unconditionally attached to Lithuania, but was made semi-autonomous by a Convention signed in Paris on May 8, 1924. |
 | | The economic situation of Lithuania became, after the loss of Memel, considerably worse, and one of the main problems with which the new Government was faced was the absorption by the country of about 12,000 refugees from Memel, of whom 3,000 were Jews who had fled Nazi persecution. |
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