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Topic: Memoization

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	Memoization: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Memoization is a technique used to speed up computer computer quick summary:
		Memoization literally means "to put in memory" and is derived from the Latin[For more facts and a topic of this subject, click this link] word memorandum memorandum quick summary:
		(memoization must be implemented separately in each function that is to benefit from it.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/me/memoization.htm (1032 words)

	Memoization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Memoization is a technique used to speed up computer programs by storing the results of functions for later reuse, rather than recomputing them.
		The word memoization is often confused with memorization, which, although a good description of the process, is not limited to this specific meaning.
		Memoize - Memoize is a small library for performing memoization in Common Lisp.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Memoization (609 words)

	Memoization and Laziness
		Memoization is fundamental to the implementation of lazy data structures, either "by hand" or using the implementation provided by the SML/NJ compiler.
		We begin with a discussion of memoization to increase the efficiency of computing a recursively-defined function whose pattern of recursion involves a substantial amount of redundant computation.
		It's job is to "memoize" the suspension so that the suspended computation is evaluated at most once --- once the result is computed, the value is stored in a reference cell so that subsequent forces are fast.
	www-2.cs.cmu.edu /~rwh/introsml/techniques/memoization.htm (1347 words)

	Memoization - Algorithmist
		Memoization is a technique that is associated with Dynamic Programming.
		The concept is to cache the result of a function given its parameter so that the calculation will not be repeated; it is simply retrieved, or memo-ed.
		Haskell is a functional language that automatically memoizes function calls for speed.
	www.algorithmist.com /index.php/Memoization (228 words)

	memoization
		Memoization is storing the result of a particular function, so that the next time it is called, instead of performing a potentially expensive computation, the cached result is sent back instead.
		One method of memoization is to store the arguments and result of the function inside of an associative list (or better a hash-table), and do a lookup before computation.
		Then when you memoize this function, you should see the display statement execute once for every new value of x, but on already used values of x, you shouldn't see the display.
	community.schemewiki.org /?memoization (360 words)

	Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
		Memoization (also called tabulation) is a technique that enables a procedure to record, in a local table, values that have previously been computed.
		A memoized procedure maintains a table in which values of previous calls are stored using as keys the arguments that produced the values.
		When the memoized procedure is asked to compute a value, it first checks the table to see if the value is already there and, if so, just returns that value.
	mitpress.mit.edu /sicp/full-text/book/book-Z-H-22.html (7881 words)

	Oliver Steele » JavaScript
		is a nullary function, and there’s a trick for implementing memoization of nullary methods in a dynamic language such as JavaScript (or Python or Ruby).
		This memoization strategy is also more efficient than the general-purpose solution that non-nullary methods require.
		Memoization in general requires a finite map (or “hash”) from argument lists to result values.
	osteele.com /archives/category/javascript (2319 words)

	MERL – Continuous Memoization
		The term "memoization" is known in the field of computer science as a technique for recording and remembering the results of previous computations so that repeating the same computations can be avoided.
		The problem with current memoization methods is that the input must exactly match what is contained in the memo, that is the memo is limited to storing and producing discrete values.
		In addition, the memo can be maintained at multiple levels of resolution, for example, the tiles can be arranged as a pyramid with coarse, middle, and fine resolutions.
	www.merl.com /areas/memoization (448 words)

	[No title]
		The idea of memoization is that it ;;; allows a function to "remember" previous invocations, returning the ;;; previously calculated values (rather than recalculating) if it is called ;;; with exactly the same arguments as in a previous execution.
		Any of the keywords ;;; acceptable to Memoize can optionally be passed on, resulting in ;;; specialized versions of memoization that seed their initial hash ;;; tables from the disk, use particular hash table tests, etc. ;;; ;;; MEMOIZE: Takes a function name and changes its function definition to ;;; be a memoized function.
		Without an ;;; automatic memoization facility, the only alternative is maintaining a ;;; special purpose global data structure, requiring testing and debugging, ;;; and much extra effort for something that at best is equally efficient as ;;; memoization.
	www.apl.jhu.edu /~hall/lisp/Memoization/Memoization.lisp (2754 words)

	memoization code
		Due to technical (browser security) constraints, the arguments for memoized functions can only be arrays or scalar values.
		If the function is a method, then you can pass the object into memoize().
		memoize = function() { var pad = {}; var self = this; var obj = arguments.
	www.bigbold.com /snippets/tag/show?tags=memoization (403 words)

	FastSim -- Memoizing Micro-Architecture Simulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Memoization (an optimization commonly used with functional programming languages) can greatly accelerate complex micro-architecture simulation.
		It was written in C and hand crafted to use memoization.
		It is designed to both simplify instruction-level micro-architecture simulator implementation, and to simplify the compiler analyses needed to generate memoizing simulators automatically.
	www.cs.wisc.edu /~wwt/fastsim (314 words)

	Caml Weekly News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Memoization and continuation passing style (CPS) are orthogonal but the combination of both techniques is not very usual.
		Strongly non circular attribute grammars, la attribute grammars,...) In this case, the memoization support may be a tree, a stack, a global variable...
		See also XSB http://xsb.sourceforge.net/ Some papers by Mark Johnson (available via CiteSeer or Google) Memoization of Coroutined Constraints (1995) Memoization of top-down parsing (1995) Memoization in Constraint Logic Programming (1993) And a simple but good enough article by a Ms student Matthew Frank, Efficient Execution of Declarative Programs (Area Exam Report), February 9, 2001.
	pauillac.inria.fr /~aschmitt/cwn/2003.05.06.html (1625 words)

	Comp.compilers: Re: Memoization of pure-functional procedures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Memoization of pure-functional procedures bear@sonic.net (Ray Dillinger) (2002-05-23)
		Re: Memoization of pure-functional procedures bobduff@shell01.TheWorld.com (Robert A Duff) (2002-05-31)
		Re: Memoization of pure-functional procedures joachim_d@gmx.de (Joachim Durchholz) (2002-06-02)
	compilers.iecc.com /comparch/article/02-05-160 (178 words)

	Automated Memoization in C++
		Memoization is a caching technique that can result in enormous performance improvements in software that performs repetitive calculations.
		Using automated memoization, this code can be transformed to run in linear-time (see the table) without changing the readability of the function.
		Besides its application to expensive, recursive functions, memoization is also applicable to dynamic programming problems and can be used anywhere a dynamically created cache is needed.
	www.apl.jhu.edu /~paulmac/c++-memoization.html (441 words)

	Selective Memoization and Goal-weakening
		The memoized version of the parse predicate can be defined as in (3.1).
		7]) in the context of memoization is that we may combine a number of slightly different goals into a single more general goal.
		Depending on the properties of a particular grammar, it may for example be worthwhile to restrict a given category to its syntactic features before we attempt to solve the parse goal of that category.
	odur.let.rug.nl /~vannoord/papers/cl97/node3.html (1851 words)

	[Tutor] Memoizing ... [advanced topic: transparent memoization and nested scoping will conflict]
		Hi everyone, Unfortunately, there are some potential problems when we do memoization on recursive functions when nested scope is involved.
		I'm not aware of a way to fix this without making fib() itself aware that it's going to be memoized; if anyone can bring more enlightenment on this, I'll be very happy.
		The lesson, I guess, is to be aware that nested-scoped functions and automatic memoization probably won't mix very well without some careful work.
	mail.python.org /pipermail/tutor/2003-June/023513.html (554 words)

	LtU Classic Archives
		Memoization has been touched on number of times on LtU, but rarely in connection with Java.
		By using this feature, it is possible to write a generic caching wrapper class, called Memoizer, that determines at runtime which interface it implements.
		Memoization is a technique borrowed from functional programming languages like Lisp, Python, and Perl...
	lambda-the-ultimate.org /classic/message8431.html (386 words)

	ONJava.com -- Memoization in Java Using Dynamic Proxy Classes
		Memoization is a technique borrowed from functional programming languages like Lisp, Python, and Perl for giving functions a memory of previously computed values.
		Memoizing a function adds a transparent caching wrapper to the function, so that function values that have already been calculated are returned from a cache rather than being recomputed each time.
		Memoization can provide significant performance gains for computing-intensive calls.
	www.onjava.com /pub/a/onjava/2003/08/20/memoization.html (799 words)

	Adaptive Memoization (ResearchIndex)
		Abstract: Memoization may be viewed as a mechanism for re-using a computation---if a function is re-applied to the same argument we may re-use the previous computation to determine the result, rather than perform it again.
		Conventional memoization is accurate in the sense that it only permits re-use when a computation will be precisely the same as one that has already been performed.
		But in many cases a computation may be largely, though not entirely, the same as one that has been previously carried out...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /633760.html (433 words)

	ASPN : Python Cookbook : Cache decorator in python 2.4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This recipe show a common callable transformation that can benefit from the new syntax, often referred to as Memoization pattern.
		Memoization is a useful pattern for improving the amortized performance of a computationally expensive function or method.
		It is also straightforward to replace the dict used for cache with any other appropriate class to address issues such as memory consumption, efficiency or anything else that is important for the application:
	aspn.activestate.com /ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/325205 (492 words)

	CLAMP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Automatic memoization is a technique by which an existing function can be transformed into one that "remembers" previous arguments and their associated results, yielding large performance gains for certain types of applications.
		This code was inspired by the section on automatic memoization in Peter Norvig's _Paradigms of AI Programming_ (which in turn was inspired by Abelson and Sussman's _Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs_).
		As such, it adds many facilities for bookkeeping, timing, evaluating the timing advantages memoization provides, saving hash tables to disk for automatic reuse in a later session, etc. This utility has been used over the last two years on the [D]ARPA Signature Management System, resulting in performance improvements of 10-20 fold in several key modules.
	www.cs.umbc.edu /www/research/projects/clamp.html (296 words)

	Memoization in JavaScript - talideon.com
		Having read the article that inspired it a few years back, I thought I’d take an attempt at implementing something to do the same in JavaScript.
		Memoization is a method of increasing the speed of slow referentially transparent functions by caching their arguments and results.
		Which is a wee bit of a pain and not exactly readable; or you can get the computer to do it for you:
	talideon.com /weblog/2005/07/javascript-memoization.cfm (434 words)

	memoization
		memos (cons (cons args results) memos)) results)))))))) }}} However, scheme is a first-class functional language after-all, and there is no reason why you should be restricted to inserting this code into every function you need memoized.
		Below we use [[srfi-44]] style map rather than an alist to store the memoized results.
		Build yourself a test function like this: {{{scheme (define (test-function x) (display "IN test-function, arg x") (+ x x)) }}} Then when you memoize this function, you should see the display statement execute once for every new value of x, but on already used values of x, you shouldn't see the display.
	community.schemewiki.org /?p=memoization&c=e (707 words)

	Memoization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Caching is a straightforward way to speed up certain slow functions: You remember the return values by storing them in a cache, and if you are going to compute the same value again later, just get the result from the cache instead of recomputing it.
		It turns out it's not hard to build a facility that replaces any function with a caching version automatically; this is called memoization.
		This article explains how such a module works, and shows a number of interesting applications and contexts for memoization and caching.
	perl.plover.com /MiniMemoize (108 words)

	Automatic Memoization Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Memo functions and memoization are well-known concepts in AI programming.
		However, the automation of memoization as a practical software engineering tool for real software systems has not received a detailed treatment.
		Using Automatic Memoization as a Software Engineering Tool in Real-World AI Systems, Proceedings of the IEEE Cnference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications, 1995.
	www.cs.umbc.edu /www/research/projects/amt.html (116 words)

	memoization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Definition: Save (memoize) a computed answer for later reuse, rather than recomputing the answer.
		Of course, computing Fibonacci numbers can be easily done in logarithmic time (see Fibonacci numbers), but this illustrates the technique.
		Paul E. Black, "memoization", in Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [online], Paul E. Black, ed., U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
	www.nist.gov /dads/HTML/memoize.html (171 words)

	MEMO from FOLDOC
		This same principle is found at the hardware level in computer architectures which use a cache to store recently accessed memory locations.
		A Common Lisp package by Marty Hall which supports memoisation is available by FTP.
		The range of addresses seen by a memory device relative to the base address at which it is mapped into the processor's address space.
	www.instantweb.com /d/dictionary/foldoc.cgi?query=MEMO (1435 words)

	Selective Memoization - Acar, Blelloch, Harper (ResearchIndex)
		The framework provides programmer control over equality, space usage, and identification of precise dependences so that memoization can be applied according to the needs of an application.
		Two key properties of the framework are that it is efficient and yields programs whose performance can be analyzed using standard techniques.
		11 Techniques for automatic memoization with applications to co..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /629940.html (773 words)

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