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Topic: Memory B cell

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	immuteach - milestones - b cell memory
		There is evidence that B cell memory, which is mediated by antibodies, can be effective for many years.
		This memory is carried by memory B cells that recognize antigen by high-affinity antibodies.
		A lot of research was focussed on the mechanism of the long-term survival of memory B cells.
	www.uni-greifswald.de /~immuteach/milestones/bcellmem/bcellmem.html (140 words)

	Immune memory from smallpox vaccination lasts more 50 years, according to Emory research
		Vaccinia virus-specific B cells were detected in most of the previously vaccinated individuals in the study, including those vaccinated up to 60 years after vaccination.
		Memory B cells are responsible for stimulating a rapid antibody response after re-exposure to infection.
		In order to test the functionality of the memory B cells, the scientists revaccinated a group of test subjects who had been vaccinated between 22 and 48 years earlier, and detected 20-fold increases in vaccinia-virus antibodies after the second vaccination.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-11/euhs-imf111003.php (841 words)

	LIAI
		Long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells are the primary cellular components of long term humoral immunity, and as such are critically important for the protection afforded by most vaccines against infectious diseases.
		Memory B cells are a central component of humoral immunity, and yet little is known about their characteristics, their longevity in humans, or their protective value.
		Immune memory after smallpox vaccination is a valuable benchmark for understanding the longevity of B cell memory in the absence of re-exposure to antigen.
	www.liai.org /research/faculty/shane-crotty-phd.cfm (2095 words)

	Antigen-specific B Cell Memory: Expression and Replenishment of a Novel B220- Memory B Cell Compartment -- ...
		in vivo, and the replenishment of quiescent B cell memory that
		B cells that migrate to the bone marrow.
		B cells obtained by flow cytometry, and total cell numbers from the spleen (top) and bone marrow (bottom) of each animal at the time of killing were used to estimate the change in total NP-binding cells during the course of the recall response.
	www.jem.org /cgi/content/full/191/7/1149 (8259 words)

	Development and Maintenance of a B220- Memory B Cell Compartment -- Driver et al. 167 (3): 1393 -- The Journal of ...
		of Ag-specific B cells in the spleens of mice immunized i.p.
		B cells in the spleen were calculated using frequencies obtained via flow cytometry and total splenic cell numbers obtained upon sacrifice of the animal.
		A, The NP-binding B cell population in the BM.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/167/3/1393 (6841 words)

	NIH Guide: THE GENERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY
		B cell memory induction is known to occur within the germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs.
		Memory B cells which have undergone isotype class switching and somatic mutation of immunoglobulin genes can be distinguished by surface phenotype from naive B cells and from terminally differentiated effector B cells (plasma cells).
		In addition, the potential to modify the cytokine profiles of memory T cells re- activated in vivo is poorly understood, and this area is especially relevant to the development of immunomodulatory regimes for intervention in allergy, autoimmunity and transplantation.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PA-98-013.html (1758 words)

	Memory B cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Memory B cells are a B cell sub-type that are formed following primary infection.
		The memory B cells are specific for the antigen that first stimulated their production.
		If this antigen is encountered again, memory B cells can recognize it and quickly proliferate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Memory_B_cell (148 words)

	B Cell Development
		The mature B cell that moves into the periphery can be activated by antigen and become an antibody-secreting plasma cell or a memory B cell which will respond more quickly to a second exposure to antigen.
		B cells change their location with their stages of maturation, each location providing the microenvironment suitable for the B cell at that life stage.
		Memory B cells are found predominantly in the marginal zone of the spleen, the sub-capsular sinus of the lymph nodes, and under the intestinal epithelium in the Peyer's patches and crypt epithelium of the tonsils; a few are also found in the blood.
	microvet.arizona.edu /Courses/MIC419/Tutorials/Bcelldevelopment.html (4211 words)

	::DRFZ Berlin: B Cell Immunology:: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		However, the high frequencies of somatic mutations in the V-genes of the peripheral blood memory B cells and plasma cells suggested that an antigen specific activation of B cells induces their continuous differentiation into plasma cells.
		To further understand the development of B cells in health and disease it is important to elucidate the micro-environments which support B cell activation and differentiation.
		These changes in chemokine receptor expression may support migration of B cells into the inflamed synovial tissue and hence be essential for the development of ectopic lymphoid tissue (Kim et al).
	www.drfz.de /inde~138.htm (587 words)

	Department Of Medicine
		B Cell and Plasma Cell Apoptosis in Transplantation
		These systems are being used to generate data for computational models of B cell differentiation, and to study the basic immunobiology of plasma cell generation after innate immune system activation.
		In this project, we are using an in vitro system for plasma cell differentiation to generate data concerning the kinetics of B cell activation and differentiation, and how various immunosuppressive medications influence this process.
	www.urmc.rochester.edu /medicine/nephrology/zandLab.aspx (794 words)

	Absence of IgD-CD27+ Memory B Cell Population in X-linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome -- Agematsu et al. 102 (4): 853 -- Journal ...
		memory B cells toward plasma cells (24, 25).
		of cells with the surface phenotype of memory B cells was diminished
		B cells (lanes 2 and 4) were stimulated with 100 ng/ml IL-4 (lanes 1 and 2) or IL-4 plus 1 µg/ml anti-CD40 (lanes 3 and 4) for 16 h.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/102/4/853 (5459 words)

	Ergito: Life Sciences Glossary B
		B cell memory is responsible for rapid antibody production during a secondary immune response and subsequent responses.
		The B cell receptor is the antigen receptor complex on the cell surface of B lymphocytes.
		A blastocyst is the mammalian embryo at the cleavage stage, consisting of a ball of cells with the trophoblast on the outside, and inner cell mass on the inside.
	www.ergito.com /glosscontents.jsp?letter=B (2241 words)

	Cutting Edge: Long-Term B Cell Memory in Humans after Smallpox Vaccination -- Crotty et al. 171 (10): 4969 -- The ...
		Memory B cells are a central component of humoral immunity,
		memory B cells in humans in the absence of re-exposure to Ag is not well understood.
		The biphasic kinetics of the memory B cell response, with an
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/171/10/4969 (4083 words)

	Update: Targeting B-Cells in Rheumatic Disease
		In this open-label study of 24 RA patients, after Rituximab induced blood B-cell depletion most remaining B cells were shown to be memory B cells and plasma cells.
		The later recovery period was primarily due to increases in naïve immature B cells believed to newly arise in the bone marrow.
		In many RA patients, levels of circulating memory B cells were slow to recover after treatment; while patients who displayed higher post-treatment levels of CD27+ memory B cells during recovery more often had early clinical relapses.
	www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /bcellupdate/litreview1.htm (561 words)

	150immunology
		B lymphocytes (B cells): Lymphocytes remain in the bone marrow and continue their maturation become B cells.
		B cells: Production of antibodies in response to foreign proteins of bacteria, viruses, and tumor cells.
		Involves B cell activation and results from the production of antibodies that circulate in the blood plasma and lymph.
	www.bio.miami.edu /dywang/150immunology.html (892 words)

	The Immune System
		B cells also arise from stem cells in the bone marrow.
		The B cell must receive an interleukin signal from a helper T cell which has already become activated by a macrophage with a MHC-antigen complex.
		The memory B cells remain inactive for this invasion.
	www.uic.edu /classes/bios/bios100/f05pm/lect20.htm (905 words)

	ScienceDaily: Immune Memory From Smallpox Vaccination Lasts More 50 Years, According To Emory Research
		In cellular immunity, activated T cells kill specific virus-infected cells and also produce cytokines proteins that prevent the growth of viruses and make cells resistant to viral infection.
		Longterm Immune Memory Cells Cells Do Not Develop During Chronic Viral Infections (November 12, 2004) -- Immune T cells that respond to chronic viral infections do not acquire the same "memory" capabilities of T cells that respond to acute viral infections, according to research by scientists at Emory...
		Natural killer cell -- Natural killer cells (also known as NK cells, K cells, and killer cells) are a type of lymphocyte (a white blood cell) and a component of innate immune system.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2003/11/031112073642.htm (2206 words)

	Lawrence J.Wysocki, Ph.D. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		We are interested in the nature of this somatic mutator, the structural and functional extent to which it alters antibody V genes, and the functional consequences of those alterations on B cell clonal selection.
		This is an important problem, since B cells can process and present their own V regions to helper T cells in the context of class II MHC.
		Recent evidence supports the idea that T cell cognition of such mutated V region peptides may play a key role in the recruitment and chronic activation of autoreactive B cells in systemic autoimmune disease.
	www.uchsc.edu /bsp/profiles/wysockil.htm (593 words)

	Absence of IgD-CD27+ Memory B Cell Population in X-linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome -- Agematsu et al. 102 (4): 853 -- Journal ...
		Absence of IgD-CD27+ Memory B Cell Population in X-linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome -- Agematsu et al.
		Memory B Cell Population in X-linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome
		B cells from an XHIM patient produced IgM predominantly.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/abstract/102/4/853 (1101 words)

	GEO DataSets
		Analysis of plasma, germinal center, and memory B cells (mBCs) from animals immunized with the T-dependent antigen, NP-CGG.
		MBC, memory T (mTCs), and long-term hematopoietic stem cells (Lt-HSCs) undergo self-renewal.
		Two-tailed t-test (A vs B) B)">One-tailed t-test (A > B) One-tailed t-test (A
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /projects/geo/gds/gds_browse.cgi?gds=1695 (86 words)

	Immune Memory from Smallpox Vaccination Lasts More Than 50 Years, According to Emory University Research
		Immune Memory from Smallpox Vaccination Lasts More Than 50 Years, According to Emory University Research
		Immune memory after smallpox vaccination persists for at least 50 years in immunized individuals, according to research conducted by scientists at the Emory Vaccine Center and Emory University School of Medicine.
		For more information, or to contact Emory University, see their website at: whsc.emory.edu
	www.charitywire.com /charity290/04761.html (867 words)

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